Scribd
Upload
2K views17 pages

Frigid Zone

The document discusses the geography and climate of the polar regions. It describes the polar regions as located between the Arctic and Antarctic Circles, experiencing frigid temperatures and large fluctuations in daylight hours. It provides details on the tundra vegetation and animals found in the Arctic, as well as the human settlements and research stations located in both polar regions. Key facts about Antarctica and the Arctic are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Deepthi Thomas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2K views17 pages

Frigid Zone

The document discusses the geography and climate of the polar regions. It describes the polar regions as located between the Arctic and Antarctic Circles, experiencing frigid temperatures and large fluctuations in daylight hours. It provides details on the tundra vegetation and animals found in the Arctic, as well as the human settlements and research stations located in both polar regions. Key facts about Antarctica and the Arctic are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Deepthi Thomas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction to Frigid Zone: Provides an overview of the geographical and climatic features of the Frigid Zone, covering regions between the Arctic and Antarctic Circles.
  • Terrestrial Polar Region: Defines the polar regions and distinguishes them from other climatic and biometric belts on Earth.
  • Climate: Describes the climate characteristics of polar regions, focusing on solar radiation, temperature, and precipitation patterns.
  • Tundra Vegetation: Details the distribution and characteristics of tundra vegetation, highlighting its presence in northern and southern hemispheres.
  • Arctic Tundra: Explores the unique climatic conditions and ecological features of the Arctic Tundra region.
  • Flora and Fauna: Lists the types of animals and plants found in the tundra, explaining how they adapt to harsh conditions.
  • Circumpolar Arctic Region: Discusses the geographical distribution, human settlements, and cultural aspects of the Arctic region.
  • Southern Polar Region: Describes the human and research activities at the southern polar region, focusing on Antarctica.
  • Facts About Antarctica: Provides interesting facts about Antarctica including its geography, climate, and the impact of global warming.
  • Facts About Arctic: Highlights key aspects of the Arctic region including its environmental conditions, living organisms, and natural resources.
  • Visual Representation: Features images depicting life and activities in Arctic regions, showcasing wildlife and natural phenomena like the aurora.
  • Acknowledgments: Concludes the presentation with acknowledgments and appreciation for the audience's attention.

GEOGRAPHY GROUP 3

VARNIKA KOTHARI | AMAIRA BHANDARI | ISHITA DEBNATH


Introduction
 The five main latitude regions of the Earth's surface comprise the
geographical zones. They are divided by the major circles of latitude.
The differences between them are related to climate. They are as
follows:
 The North frigid zone lies between the Arctic Circle 66.5° N and the
North Pole 90° N. It covers 4.12% of Earth's surface.
 The South frigid zone, from Antarctic Circle 66.5° S and the South
Pole 90° S. It
covers 4.12% of the Earth’s surface.
 The two frigid zones or polar regions, experience the midnight sun
and the
polar night for part of the year.
Summer season in this region lasts for about 2 to 3 months and there
is almost
24 hour sunlight during summer. The sun's rays are always slanting
and
TERRESTRIAL POLAR REGION

Definitions

 The two polar regions are distinguished from the other two
climatic and biometric belts of Earth, a tropics belt near the
equator and two middle latitude regions located between the
tropics and polar regions.
CLIMATE
Polar regions receive less intense solar radiation than the other parts
of Earth because the sun's rays arrive at an oblique angle, spreading
over a larger area, and also travels a longer distance through the
Earth's atmosphere in which it may be absorbed, scattered or reflected.
It is the same thing that causes winters to be colder than the rest of
the year in temperate areas. The tilt of the Earth has a major effect on
climate of the polar regions. Since the polar regions are the farthest
from the equator, they receive the least amount of sunlight and are
therefore frigid. The large amount of ice and snow also reflects a large
part of what little sunlight the Polar regions receive, contributing to
the cold. Polar regions are characterized by the polar climate,
extremely cold temperatures, heavy glaciation wherever there is
sufficient precipitation to form permanent ice and extreme variations
in daylight hours, with twenty-four hours of daylight in summer and
TUNDRA VEGETATION

Location: Tundra regions are found in the northern and


southern hemispheres between the ice-covered poles and
the taiga or coniferous forests. In the north, this biome
stretches across northern Canada and Alaska, Siberia and
northern Scandinavia, on or close to the Arctic Circle. There
are also areas of tundra in coastal Antarctica.
Arctic Tundra

Climate: Rainfall or snow is low in this polar climate. The


average temperature rises above 0°C for at least one month
in the year. However it does not experience temperature
higher than 10°C.

The word tundra literally means ‘barren, treeless land’ and


with its extreme seasons of dark, freezing winters and
fleeting summers that aren’t much warmer, it’s easy to see
why few species of plants and animals can survive here.
FLORA AND FAUNA
Flora and fauna of this region consists
of the following:

Alaskan tundra
Penguins
Miniature tundra flowers
Migrating geese
Snowy owl
Arctic fox
Animals found here have adapted to cope with the harsh life in the
tundra. Reindeer (or caribou), elk and musk ox migrate to graze
elsewhere in winter when a white-out conceals vegetation, but
return in summer bringing with them predators like wolves,
CIRCUMPOLAR ARCTIC REGION
There are many settlements in Earth's north polar region. The Arctic
Region spreads across the following countries:
 The United States (Alaska), Canada (Yukon, the Northwest Territories
and Nunavut), Denmark (Greenland), Norway, Finland, Sweden,
Iceland and Russia.
 Arctic circumpolar populations often share more in common with
each other than with other populations within their national
boundaries. As such, the northern polar region is diverse in human
settlements and culture.
SOUTHERN POLAR REGION

The southern polar region has no permanent human habitation.


McMurdo Station is the largest research station in Antarctica, run by the
United States. Other notable stations include Palmer Station and
Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station (United States), Esperanza Base and
Marambio Base (Argentina), Scott Base (New Zealand) and Vostok Station
(Russia).
FACTS ABOUT ANTARCTICA
 Antarctica is the southernmost continent on Earth.
 The South Pole is found in Antarctica.
 Antarctica is surrounded by the Southern Ocean.
 Antarctica is bigger than Europe and almost double the size of
Australia.
 Most of Antarctica is covered in ice over 1.6 kilometres thick (1 mile).
 Because it experiences very little rain, Antarctica is considered a
desert.
 The coldest recorded temperature on Earth occurred in 1983 at Vostok
Station, Antarctica, measuring a rather chilly −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F).
 While humans don’t permanently reside in Antarctica, several thousand
people live and work at various research facilities found on the
continent.
 Animal life in Antarctica often includes penguins and seals.
 The name ‘Antarctica’ comes from a Greek word meaning ‘opposite to
the north’.
 Around 90% of the ice on Earth is found in Antarctica.
 Sea levels would rise around 60m (200ft) if all the ice in Antarctica
were to melt.
FACTS ABOUT ARCTIC

 The Arctic region is found in the northernmost part of Earth.


 As well as the Arctic Ocean, the Arctic region is made up of parts of
Russia, Greenland, Canada, USA, Norway, Iceland, Sweden and Finland.
 Indigenous people who live in the Arctic have adapted to the cold
weather and harsh environmental conditions.
 The name ‘Arctic’ comes from a Greek word meaning ‘near the bear’.
 The coldest recorded temperature in the Arctic was around −68 °C
(−90 °F).
 Over recent years, the Arctic region has shrunk due to
global warming.
 Small shrubs can grow in warmer parts of the Arctic as
well as various herbs, mosses and lichens.
 Different types of animals found in the arctic region
include polar bears, wolverines, squirrels, birds, walrus
and seals.
 The Arctic region is home to the North Pole.
 The Arctic region has many natural resources including
fish, oil, gas and various minerals.

You might also like