02 Kinds of Quantitative Research Designs

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Definition
Quantitative research is an
objective, systematic, empirical
investigation of observable
phenomena through the use of
computational techniques
Kinds of Quantitative Research Design
1. Descriptive Research
• concerned with describing the
nature, characteristics and
components of the population
or a phenomenon.
• no manipulation of variables or
search for cause and effect
related to the phenomenon
• Example, a research that aims to know
how many hours SHS students spend in
social media, the number of
malnourished students who failed in
the achievement test, and how healthy
is the food served during recess in the
public schools.
2. Correlational Research
• is the systematic investigation of
the nature of relationships, or
associations between and among
variables without necessarily
investigating into causal reasons
underlying them.
• Concerned with the extent of
relationship the exists between
and among the variables.
•Example, if pre-board examination
results can be used to predict
performance in the Licensure
Examination for Teachers (LET),
then the higher the pre-board
examination grade, the higher
most likely be the score in the LET
3. Evaluation Research
•aims to assess the effects, impacts
or outcomes of practices, policies or
programs.
3. Evaluation Research
• Example: assessing the
implementation of nursing care in a
hospital and determining the impact of
a new treatment procedure for
patients
4. Survey Research
•used to gather information from
groups of people
•It is cross-sectional if the
information is collected from a
sample in just single point in time
4. Survey Research
•It is longitudinal if the information
is collected from a sample over a
period of time
4. Survey Research
•Example, in cross-sectional,
population control practices of
unmarried couple
•Example, in longitudinal, growth of
rice yield in the country
5. Causal-Comparative
Research
• Derives conclusion from observations
and manifestations that already
occurred in the past and now
compared to some dependent variables
• Discusses why and how a phenomenon
occurs.
5. Causal-Comparative
Research
•Example, a research on how weight
influence stress-coping level of
adults
6. Quasi-experimental
Research
• involves selecting groups, upon which
a variable is tested, without any
random pre-selection processes
6. Quasi-experimental
Research
• Example, to perform an educational
experiment, a class might be arbitrarily
divided by alphabetical selection or by
seating arrangement.
7. Experimental Research
• a collection of research designs
which use manipulation and
controlled testing to understand
causal processes.
• has a control group, the subjects
have been randomly assigned
between the groups, and the
researcher only tests one effect at a
time.
• Example, a teacher want to know if a
new teaching strategy is effective or not
so he teaches one section using the
strategy and teaches another
comparable section without the new
strategy, then an achievement test was
given to two sections.
Write T if the statement is true and F
if false
•Research is advantageous not

only to students but to life as
a whole
if false
•Academic research can be

done even informally
if false
•Research requires no step-by-

step procedure for as long as
results are obtained
if false
•Empirical data should be

gathered and analyzed before
arriving at a conclusion
if false
•Correlational research aims to

asses the effects, impacts or
outcomes of practices, policies
or programs
Write T if the statement is true and F if
false
•A fewer number of
respondents is needed in a
study to minimize the error
if false
•Longitudinal survey covers a

single period of time
if false
•In quantitative research,

respondents are given very
limited opportunity to
elaborate their responses
Data are in the form of
statistics
a. Objective
b. Numerical data
c. Replication
d. Large sample sizes
Research is not based
guess work.
a. Objective
b. Numerical data
c. Replication
Research is needed to arrive
at a more reliable data
analysis
a. Objective
b. Numerical data
c. Replication
Research is done to check
the correctness and verify
the findings of the study
a. Objective
b. Numerical data
c. Replication
Which research design seeks
to describe “what is”?
a. Correlational
b. Descriptive
c. Experimental
d. Evaluation
In this type of research, the
investigator tries to probe the
significance of relationship between
two or more factors or characteristics
a. Correlational c. Ex-post facto
b. Descriptive d. Survey
Complete the following:
Research is important to an
entrepreneur because…

02 Kinds of Quantitative Research Designs

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•Research is advantageous not

•Academic research can be

•Research requires no step-by-

•Empirical data should be

•Correlational research aims to

•Longitudinal survey covers a

•In quantitative research,

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