Welcome

CE 230 Hydraulic Engineering Lab

Prof. V. Jothiprakash Prof. R. Balaji
Professor Associate Professor
Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay Bombay
Powai, Mumbai 400 076 Powai, Mumbai 400 076
vprakash@iitb.ac.in rbalaji@iitb.ac.in
Introduction
 Schedule for S1 and S2 batch
 List of Experiments
 Report Submission
 Lab Dates for S1 and S2 batches
 Make up Lab
 Final exam Date
 Grading
 Write Up for the Experiments
 Explanation of Experiments
 Introduction (Contd..)
 Schedule for S1 and S2 batch
For S1 Batch it is Tuesday 2.00 to 5.00 p.m
For S2 Batch it is Friday 2.00 to 5.00 p.m

 List of Experiment -14 physical experiments (2 experiments per lab

session (per day)) +computational/software assignments on
hydraulics design
1(a) Boundary Layer 1(b) Broad Crested Weir
2(a) Adj. Slope Op. Channel 2(b) Earth Dam-Heleshaw Model
3(a) Surges and Waves 3(b)Ground Water Flow–Darcy’s Law
4(a) Hydraulic Jump 4(b) Pipe Network
5(a) Surge tank experiment 5(b) Double Ring infiltrometer
6(a) Rainfall Simulator 6(b) Basic Hydrology System-overland flow expt
7(a) Sedimentation-settling tank 7(b) Scour at structures
 Introduction (Contd..)
 Report Submission
(1)Experiment number & title of the experiment, and date of performing experiment
(2) aim of the experiment,
(3) apparatus / instruments used,
(4) schematic diagram of the experiment set up, naming the various components,
(5) procedure,
(6) data used,
(7) table showing observations and calculated results with units,
(8) sample calculations for any one reading,
(9) result in the form of table, graph etc.,
(10) discussions on results, and
(11) Conclusions / inferences
 Introduction (Contd..)
 Lab Dates for S1 and S2 batches

Lab Dates for S1 Batch (Tuesday): 16-Jan, 23-Jan, 30-Jan, 6-Feb, 13-Feb, 20-Feb, 6 Mar
(Please Refer Moodle documents for details/any change)
Lab Dates for S2 Batch (Friday): 19-Jan, 02-Feb, 9-Feb, 16-Feb, 23-Feb, 9 Mar, 16 Mar
(Please Refer Moodle documents or details/any change)

 Make up Lab
Make-up lab for both S1: 13 March Make-up lab for both S2: 23 March
(Please Refer Moodle documents for details/any change)

 Final exam Date 3 and 6 April, 2018

(Please Refer Moodle documents for details/any change)
 Grading
Lab attendance+ experimentation + involvement in conducting the experiment 30%
Reports evaluation including novel inferences and neatness of the report 30%
Final exam(Viva/quiz+Lab expt) 40%
Introduction (Contd..)
 Write Up for the Experiments
Please Refer Moodle documents

 Explanation of Experiments
STUDY OF BOUNDARY LAYER
CHARACTERISTICS
 Aim: To study the behaviour of boundary layer growth for the
flow passed over a flat plate in a wind tunnel
 Theory:

 The fluid at the boundaries has zero velocity relative to the boundaries: This
region, in which the velocity affected by boundary shear is called boundary
layer.
 At any distance x. the relationship between boundary layer thickness, δ and
Reynold's number (NR =Ux/v. where U= free stream velocity and v =
dynamic viscosity is given by:
 (δ /x) =5/√ NR for laminar boundary layer (NR < 5x105)
 (δ /x) =O. 16/ √ NR1/7 for turbulent boundary layer (NR > 106)
 From momentum integral equations it can be shown that,
 Wall shear stress τ0= 0.322 √(ρμU3/x) for laminar boundary layer
 Drag force (per unit breadth) can be expressed as:
 Drag= CD Ρu2L/2
 Where coefficient of drag,
 CD = 1.328/√ NR for laminar boundary layer
=0.072 NR-0.2 for turbulent boundary layer
 Experimental setup:

 The experimental setup consists of a wind tunnel fitted with a

variable speed blower.
 The air is sucked into the tunnel through a bell mouth entry ,
 A sheet of Perspex is fitted in the tunnel which acts as a flat
plate.
 The velocity at any point can be measured by means of a pitot
tube.
 The probe and static pressure taping are connected to an
inclined manometer.
 The manometer reading converted to equivalent height of air
column is a measure of air velocity at that point.
Laboratory Set up
 Experimental Procedure

 Note the inclination of manometer and density of manometric liquid.

 Switch on the blower of the wind tunnel, allow the air flow to come to steady
state condition.
 Connect the static head probe of pitot tube to the inclined manometer and
note the reading of static pressure.
 Remove the static head connection and connect the total head probe of pitot
tube to the manometer. Bring down the pitot tube till it touches the bottom
plate. Note the initial reading in vernier and the manometer reading.
 Note the total head reading on the manometer for the different elevations at
which the pitot tube is held. This is repeated till the reading of manometer
shows very little change.
 obtain the velocity distributions at sections located 30cms, 45cms, 60cms,
75cms and 90cms respectively from the leading edge of flat plate by moving
the pitot tube.
 Repeat the procedure for a different speed of blower
 Draw velocity profiles at the sections as indicated earlier for two
different speeds of blower.
 Inference
 The behaviour of boundary layer is largely a function of the Reynolds
number.
 The Reynolds number is a function of the flow speed, viscosity and
density of the fluid.
 Separation occurs earlier and with more strength for higher Reynolds
numbers.
 The shape and the characteristic length of the surface make a big
difference in the boundary layer parameters.