URBAN STUDY

METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH

SAN ACADEMY OF ARCHITECTURE ; Batch : 2015-2020

URBAN STUDY
1. AIM/PURPOSE OF STUDY
2. HISTORY
3. GEOGRAPHY
4. DEMOGRAPHICS
5. MASTER PLAN
6. LAND USE
7. TRANSPORTATION AND ROAD LINKAGES
8. PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
9. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
10. ENVIRONMENT
11. ECONOMY
12. FEASIBILITY REPORT
13. INFERENCE
2. HISTORY
• ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION
• GEOGRAPHICAL
• POLITICAL
3. GEOGRAPHY
• LOCATION
• CLIMATE
a) Temperature
b) Rainfall
c) Precipitation
d) Sun path
e) Wind directions
f) Humidity
• TOPOGRAPHY
4. DEMOGRAPHICS
• POPULATION
• MALE/FEMALE RATIO
• RELIGION
• LITERACY RATE
• MALE/FEMALE LITERACY RATE
• WORKERS RATIO
• AGE OF PEOPLE
• BIRTH/DEATH RATE , INFANT MORTALITY RATE
• INCOME GROUP DISTRIBUTION
5. MASTER PLAN
• MORPHOLOGY
• AGE OF BUILDING
• CHARACTERISTICS
• HEIGHT OF BUILDING
• ROOF TYPES
• MATERIAL STUDY
• CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
• ON GOING CONSTRUCTIONS
• LANDMARKS
• TOURISM
STREETS
• STREET ZONING
• ELEVATIONS
• SECTIONS
• SKYLINES
• STREET SCAPE
• STREET CHARACTER
6. LAND USE INDICATIONS – NBC2016

RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL
INDUSTRY
PUBLIC & SEMI-PUBLIC
MIXED USE
RECREATIONAL
TRANSPORTATION & COMMUNICATION
PRIMARY ACTIVITY
WATER BODIES
SPECIAL AREA
6. LAND USE MAPPING
RESIDENTIAL • Primary residential zone
• Unplanned/Informal residential zone

COMMERCIAL • Retail shopping zone

• General business & commercial district centres
• Wholesale, godowns, warehousing/ regulated markets.
• Service sectors
• Regulated/ Informal/ Weekly markets

INDUSTRY • Service and light industry

• Extensive and heavy industry
• Special industrial zone – Hazardous, noxious and
chemical
PUBLIC AND • Govt/ semi-Govt / Public offices
SEMI-PUBLIC • Government land
• Police headquarters / Stations, Police line
• Educational and Research
• Medical and Health
• Social, cultural and Religious (including cremation and
burial grounds)
• Utilities and services

MIXED USE • Mixed industrial use zone

• Mixed residential zone
• Mixed commercial zone

RECREATIONAL • Playgrounds/ Stadiums/ Sports complex

• Parks and Gardens - Public open spaces
• Multi open spaces
TRANSPORTATION • Roads/ Bus rapid transit system (BRTS)
AND • Railways/ Mass rapid transit system (MRTS)
COMMUNICATION • Airport
• Seaports and Dockyards
• Bus depots / Truck terminals and freight complexes
• Transmission and communication

PRIMARY ACTIVITY • Agriculture

• Forest and Horticulture
• Poultry and dairy farming
• Rural settlements
• Brick kiln and extractive areas
• Others (Fishing, pottery, etc.)

SPECIAL AREAS • Old built-up areas

• Heritage and conservation areas
• Scenic value areas
• Govt. restricted areas (such as defence)
• Other uses / Spot zones
7. TRANSPORTATION
• MACRO MAPPING
• MACRO TO MICRO CONTEXT
• MODE OF TRANSPORTATION
• NODAL ACTIVITIES
• PARKING STUDY
ROADS
• HIERARCHY OF ROADS
• CONNECTIVITY
• ROAD WIDTH
• ROAD LENGTH AND AREA
• ROAD TYPOLOGY
• MAJOR JUNCTIONS
• FLYOVERS
• UNDERGROUND TUNNELS/SUBWAYS
TRAFFIC
• TIME - VEHICULAR MOVEMENT
• PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT
• PEAK HOURS
• URBAN MOVEMENTS
• FLYOVERS AND ITS IMPACT ON TRAFFIC
• UNDERGROUND TUNNELS/SUBWAYS
8. PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
• SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY SUPPLY
• ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION
• LAMP POST AND TRANSFORMERS
• WASTE MANAGEMENT - COLLECTION METHODS
• DUMP YARDS - WASTE PERCENTAGES
• SEWAGE/DRAINAGE SYSTEM
• WATER SUPPLY - SOURCE & DISTRIBUTION METHODS
• SECURITIES
• RAINWATER - PREVENTION AND COLLECTION
9. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
• CULTURAL
• EDUCATIONAL
• MEDICAL
• RECREATIONAL
• CREMATION AND BURIAL
• PUBLIC/ SEMI-PUBLIC
10. ENVIRONMENT
• FLORA MAPPING
• GREEN COVER
• FLORA AND FAUNA SPECIES
• UHI MAPPING
• HYDROLOGY
• SOIL TYPES
• OTHER NATURAL ELEMENTS
11. ECONOMY
• FINANCE
• TRADE/COMMERCE
• IMPORTS/EXPORTS
• INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
12. FEASIBILITY REPORT
• LAND VALUES
• DEVELOPMENT CONTROL REGULATIONS
• CONTINOUS BUILDING AREA
• COASTAL REGULATION ZONES
 13. INFERENCE

SWOT analysis

STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITY THREATS

PESTEL analysis

POLITICAL SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL

ECONOMICAL TECHNOLOGICAL LEGAL

 • GOVERNMENT POLICY • TAX POLICY

P •
•
•
POLITICAL STABILITY
CORRUPTION
FOREIGN TRADE POLICY
•
•
LABOUR LAW
TRADE RESTRICTIONS

• ECONOMIC GROWTH • DISPOSABLE INCOME

E •
•
•
EXCHANGE RATES
INTEREST RATES
INFLATION RATES
•
•
•
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
WAGES RATES
TAXATION
• POPULATION GROWTH RATE • HEALTH CONSCIOUSNESS

S •
•
•
AGE DISTRIBUTION
CAREER ATTITUDES
SAFETY EMPHASIS
•
•
LIFESTYLE ATTITUDES
CULTURAL BARRIERS

• TECHNOLOGY INCENTIVES • TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE

T •
•
•
LEVEL OF INNOVATION
AUTOMATION
R & D ACTIVITY
• TECHNOLOGICAL AWARENESS

• WEATHER • PRESSURE FROM NGO’S

E •
•
•
CLIMATE
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
CLIMATIC CHANGE
•
•
POLLUTION
DECLINE OF RESOURCES

• DISCRIMINATION LAWS • COPYRIGHT AND PATENT LAWS

L •
•
•
ANTITRUST LAWS
EMPLOYMENT LAWS
COMSUMER PROTECTION LAWS
•
•
HEALTH AND SAFETY LAWS
ADVERTISING STANDARDS