ABUSE GATEWAY DRUGS: Cigarette and Alcohol GATEWAY DRUGS •Gateway drugs are drugs (as alcohol or marijuana) whose use is thought to lead to the use of and dependence on a harder drug (as cocaine or heroin). •First used in the year 1982 GATEWAY DRUG THEORY •The term gateway drugs is used to explain a theory that hypothesizes that the use of certain drugs may lead to an increased risk in the use of other drugs and involvement in criminal behavior. •Typically gateway drugs are defined as alcohol, cannabis (marijuana) or cigarettes which are inexpensive and readily available. •The theory states that, once someone begins to use marijuana, drinks alcohol or smokes cigarettes, they will have opened the door to using other drugs. •What the theory fails to take into consideration is the influence of other factors, such as the environment, trauma or mental illness. DRUG USE CORRELATION •Statistics show that drug or alcohol addicts typically would have used other drugs along with their drug of choice.
•Most recovering drug and alcohol addicts have
experimented with marijuana, smoked cigarettes, drank alcohol or used prescription medications to enhance the experience of drug taking. CONTROVERSY •Studies suggest that there is a link between the use of softer drugs (alcohol, tobacco and marijuana) and the future use of harder drugs (cocaine, ecstasy, amphetamines, heroin). However, this theory is still controversial. •Questions around the influence of the drug dealers who may be the ones suggesting other drugs, rather than being themselves asked for new drugs. •The major criticisms that are raised include questions about some individuals who suffer from conditions such as depression, antisocial personality disorder or bipolar who engage in drug seeking behavior, no matter what the substance, and will take whatever is available. CIGARETTES • A cigarette is a small cylinder of finely CIGARETTES cut tobacco leaves rolled in thin paper for smoking. • The cigarette is ignited at one end and allowed to smoulder; its smoke is inhaled from the other end, which is held in or to the mouth; in some cases, a cigarette holder may be used, as well. • Most modern manufactured cigarettes are filtered and also include reconstituted tobacco and other additives. •The term cigarette, as •A cigarette is distinguished commonly used, refers to a from a cigar by its smaller size, tobacco cigarette, but can use of processed leaf, and apply to similar devices paper wrapping, which is containing other normally white, though other substances, such colors and flavors are also as cloves or cannabis. available. •Cigars are typically composed entirely of whole-leaf tobacco WHAT DOES IT DO TO US? • Cigarettes carry serious health risks, which are more prevalent than with other tobacco products. Nicotine, the primary psychoactive chemical in tobacco and therefore cigarettes, is very addictive. • About half of cigarette smokers die of tobacco- related disease and lose on average 14 years of life. WHAT DOES IT DO TO THE PEOPLE AROUND US? • Cigarette use by pregnant women has also been shown to cause birth defects, including low birth weight, fetal abnormalities, and premature birth. • Second-hand smoke from cigarettes has been shown to be injurious to bystanders, which has led to legislation that has prohibited smoking in many workplaces and public areas. ^_^ Given the sheet of paper from your GROUP WORK teacher, Cite down different ways to help a chain smoker stop
Art Therapy in Practice Marian Liebmann Ed London Jessica Kingsley Publishers 1990 192 Pages 56 00 Hardcover 27 00 Paperback U S Distributor Bristol PA Taylor Amp Francis 1992 the Arts in Psychotherapy