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Ido Language Phonetics and Grammar Guide

This document provides an analysis of the phonetic, phonological, morphological, and syntactic features of the Ido language. It describes the vowel and consonant sounds, stress patterns, minimal pairs, and morphological processes like affixation and inflection. Noun, pronoun, adjective and verb structures are also summarized, showing how endings are used to indicate parts of speech, number, tense, etc. The syntax is described as generally following subject-verb-object word order like in English.

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176 views25 pages

Ido Language Phonetics and Grammar Guide

This document provides an analysis of the phonetic, phonological, morphological, and syntactic features of the Ido language. It describes the vowel and consonant sounds, stress patterns, minimal pairs, and morphological processes like affixation and inflection. Noun, pronoun, adjective and verb structures are also summarized, showing how endings are used to indicate parts of speech, number, tense, etc. The syntax is described as generally following subject-verb-object word order like in English.

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G i
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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IDO LANGUAGE

ANALYSIS

Pantorilla, Gio Philip N.


PHONETICS
•Vowels

AEIOU
• /a/most similar to a as in "father“
• e /e/, /ɛ/ most similar to e as in
"egg" or e as in "bet“
• i /i/ i as in "machine", ee in "bee“
• o /o/, /ɔ/ most similar to o as in "or“
• u /u/ u as in "rude"
IDO VOWELS
•Consonants

BCDFGHJ
KLMNPQR
STV XYZ
• b /b/ b as in "stable"
• c /t͡s/ ts as in "cats"; also used in the digraph
ch
• d /d/ d as in "adopt"
• f /f/ f as in "afraid"
• g /ɡ/ hard g as in "go"
• h /h/ h as in "hat", "ahoy"
• j /ʒ/, /d͡ʒ/ s as in "pleasure, measure" or g in
"mirage, beige"
• k /k/ k as in "skin, skip"
• l /l/ most similar to l as in "lamb"
• m /m/ m as in "admit"
• n /n/ n as in "analogy"
• o /o/, /ɔ/ most similar to o as in "or"
• p /p/ p as in "spin, spark"
• q /k/ same as k; used only in the digraph qu
• r /ɾ/ tt as in American English "butter", or r
as in very in Scottish English and heightened
RP, see Pronunciation of English /r/
• s /s/ s as in "east"; also used in the digraph
sh
• t /t/ t as in "stake, stop"
• v /v/ v as in "avoid"
• w /w/ w as in "award"
• x /ks/, /ɡz/ x as in "except" or "exist"
• y /j/ y as in "yes"
• z /z/ z as in "zebra"
•Digraph
ch /t͡ʃ/ ch as in "chick"
qu /kw/, /kv/qu as in "quick"
sh /ʃ/ sh as in "shy"
PHONOLOGY
STRESS
• polysyllabic words are stressed on the
second-to-last syllable (skolo, kafeo
and lernas)
• except for verb infinitives, which are
stressed on the last syllable (irar, savar and
drinkar for "to go", "to know" and "to drink“)
MINIMAL PAIR
• Ex: pagi (pay) vs. paki (pack),
baro (bar) vs. paro (pair)
INSERTION
• It is also very common to pronounce an
epenthetic /y/ between an /i/ and a following
vowel
• Ex: mia [miya]
mielo [miyelo]
MORPHOLOGY
NOUNS
• All nouns end in –o
• For plurals, change -o to –i
• Example:
Singular noun -o (libro)
Plural noun -i (libri)
PRONOUNS
PRONOUNS
ADJECTIVES
• All adjectives end in –a
• Example:
varma (warm)
ADVERBS
• All adverbs end in –e
• Example:
varme (warmly)
VERBS
Present tense -ar (irar) to be going
infinitive
Past tense infinitive -ir (irir) to have gone
Future tense -or (iror) to be going to go
infinitive
Present -as (iras) go, goes
Past -is (iris) went
Future -os (iros) will go
Imperative -ez (irez) go!
Conditional -us (irus) would go
MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES
• Affixation (Prefix and Suffix)
• Inflection
• Compounding
SYNTAX
• Ido word order is generally the same as English
(subject–verb–object)
• Example:
Me havas la blua libro. - I have the blue book.

**Adjectives can precede the noun as in English,


or follow the noun as in Spanish. Thus, Me havas
la libro blua means the same thing.

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