LTE Uplink Power Control

LTE Uplink Power Control

 UL power control described in 3GPP TS 36.213

 Adjusts UE Tx to compensate for channel fading.

 Reduces inter cell interference

 Avoids UE from transmitting excessive power.

 Maximizes uplink data rate.

 eNB radio receive power maintained for optimum SINR.

 Prolongs UE’s battery life.

 Power Control update rate: 1kHZ (1ms = TTI = 1 subframe).

Open-loop & Close-loop power control
 LTE uplink power control is a combination of an open-loop and a closed-loop mechanisms.
 Open-loop: the terminal transmit power depends on estimate of the downlink path-loss
and channel configuration.
 Closed-loop: implying that the network can, in addition, directly control the terminal
transmit power by means of explicit power-control commands transmitted in the downlink.

 Open-loop power control is used for:

․ PRACH at initial access (Random Access).
․ PUSCH and PUCCH as part of UL power control.

 Close-loop power control is used for:

․ PUSCH and PUCCH as part of UL power control.
 UE PRACH TX Power

Max allowable UE Pwr Path loss

Target eNB Rx Pwr Power UP each attempt by 2dB

 UE PUSCH TX Power
 The setting of the UE Transmit power for the transmission in
subframe i is defined by:
Target eNB Rx Pwr Transmission format (MCS)
Max UE Pwr

Nr. of resource blocks Path loss

Closed loop power control
 UE PUCCH TX Power
 The setting of the UE Transmit power for the transmission in
subframe i is defined by:
Transmission format
Max UE Pwr
Path loss

Target eNB Rx Pwr PUCCH format

Closed loop power control
Path Loss (PL) estimation
 Calculated in the UE in dB.

PL = referenceSignalPower – higher layer filtered RSRP

 referenceSignalPower
 Is provided by higher layers in SIB2.
 Set to 21dBm for 2x40W MIMO cell.
 referenceSignalPower
 Downlink reference-signal EPRE (Energy Per Resource Element).
 Why 21dBm?

10MHz LTE carrier -> 50 RB

1 RB = 12 sub carriers (12 symbols)
Assuming 40W RDLT, then 40 [W]/50 [RB]= 0.8 [W/RB]
Pwr per symbol = 0.8 [W]/12 [symbols] = 0.0667 [W]/[symbol]
0.0667 [W] = 18.24 [dBm]
2 TX antennas = 18.24 [dBm] + 3 [dB] = 21.24 [dBm]

“The downlink reference-signal EPRE can be derived from the downlink reference-signal transmit power given by the
parameter Reference-signal-power provided by higher layers. The downlink reference-signal transmit power is defined as
the linear average over the power contributions (in [W]) of all resource elements that carry cell-specific reference signals
within the operating system bandwidth.”

(2x2 MIMO: 4 RS out of 14 in every 3rd sub-carrier 9.6% of total power 46dBm)
 3 dB Power Boost
R0 off to limit interference
for RS
R1 off to limit interference

RS power increases by 3dB due to non used RE power added to RS, when RS of other antenna is
transmitted.
Open loop power control example
(PUSCH)

 P0-nominalPUSCH = -103dBm
 referenceSignalPower = 21dBm
 UE max Pwr = 22.5dBm
 Number of Resource Blocks = 1
1
 RSRP = -100dBm
 UL Power control (PUSCH) – Open loop
 UE transmit power for PUSCH transmission：
PPUSCH  min{ PMAX ,10 log 10 M  PO_PUSCH    PL   TF  f (i)} [dBm ]
 PMAX is the maximum allowable UE power;
 M is the number of scheduled resource blocks; (broadcasted on PDCCH)
 PL is the downlink pathloss, estimated by UE. The UE can use measurements of DL
pathloss for estimation of UL pathloss. (Open-loop)
 is to enable fractional pathloss compensation;
 PO_PUSCH set according to SINRtarget. SINRtarget is a parameter set to fulfill the HARQ
operating Point (OPP) quality requirements using the most efficient MCS. PO_PUSCH is
broadcasted on BCCH SIB2

PO _ PUSCH  PSDRXt arg et  SINRt arg et  ( N  1)

 is a Transport Format (TF) specific offset.
PO _ PUSCH  PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH  PO_UE_PUSCH
TF
 UL Power control (PUSCH) – Closed
loop
 The function f(i) can either be cumulative or absolute (SIB2
accumulationEnabled).
 In case of a cumulative function
(accumulation enabled by higher layers):
f (i)  f (i  1)   PUSCH (i  K PUSCH ) “Scheduler Delay”

 In case of absolute function

(accumulation disabled by higher layers):
f (i)   PUSCH (i  K PUSCH )

 PUSCH
 is UE specific power adjustment included in the uplink scheduling grant
or in special TPC_PUSCH messages on the PDCCH. It enforces the open loop
PSDtarget and is updated fast enough to compensate for the slow fading.
 UL Power control (PUSCH) – Closed
loop
 PUSCH is set according to:

Accumulated
TPC Command  PUSCH [dB] Absolute  PUSCH [dB]

0 -1 -4

1 0 -1

2 1 1

3 3 4
 UL Power Control (PUCCH) – Open loop
 UE transmit power for PUCCH transmission：
PPUCCH  min{ PMAX , PO_PUCCH  PL  h(ncqi , nharq )   F_PUCCH ( F )  g (i)} [dBm ]

 PMAXis the maximum allowable UE power;

 PL is the downlink pathloss, estimated by UE. The UE can use measurements of DL
pathloss for estimation of UL pathloss. (Open-loop)
 h(n) is a PUCCH format dependent value where n(cqi) corresponds to the number of
information bits for the CQI, and n(harq) the number of HARQ bits. For PUCCH
formats 1, 1a and 1b, h(n) is always 0. For PUCCH format 2, h(n) is 0 for normal
cyclic prefix and n(cqi)<4, but may take on other values with extended cyclic prefix
or for n(cqi)>4.

  F _ PUCCH ( Fcorresponds
) to a PUCCH format offset. Provided by higher layers.
UL Power Control (PUCCH) – Closed
loop
 g(i) is the current PUCCH power control adjustment state, similar as PUSCH (accumulation
enabled), using parameter to calculate.  PUCCH
UL Power Control (PUCCH) – Closed
loop

TPC Command Accumulated  PUCCH [dB]

0 -1
1 0
2 1
3 3

 The open loop part controls PO_PUCCH, and the closed loop part controls g(i). This function works
much the same way as for PUSCH, except the TPC commands for PUCCH can be transmitted in
the downlink sc heduling assignments, and without any uplink g rant.
CLPC Testing
 The test is done in downtown Bellevue loop with 20 Mbps
UL UDP data.

 Following slides show comparative analysis between CLPC

active and inactive in the same graph.
UL Throughput Comparison
UE TX Power Comparison
CLPC Testing Observations
 CLPC functionality has reduced the required power from the
UEs significantly while the throughput figures are quite close
to each other.
Higher Layer Filtered RSRP
(filterCoefficientEUtraRSRP & filterCoefficientEUtraRSRQ)

1
0.9
0.8
0.7
RSRP filtering k=8
0.6
Mn
0.5
Fn
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
1 14 27 40 53 66 79 92 105 118 131 144 157 170 183 196 209 222 235 248
 EUtranCellFDD PM Counters
 pmRadioRecInterferencePwr
 The measured Noise and Interference Power on PUSCH, according to 36.214
PDF ranges:
[0]: N+I <= -121
[1]: -121 < N+I <= -120
[2]: -120 < N+I <= -119
[3]: -119 < N+I <= -118
[4]: -118 < N+I <= -117
[5]: -117 < N+I <= -116
[6]: -116 < N+I <= -115
[7]: -115 < N+I <= -114
[8]: -114< N+I <= -113
[9]: -113 < N+I <= -112
[10]: -112 < N+I <= -108
[11]: -108 < N+I <= -104
[12]: -104 < N+I <= -100
[13]: -100 < N+I <= -96
[14]: -96 < N+I <= -92
[15]: -92 < N+I
Condition: An average value is measured on a TTI basis
Unit: dBm/PRB

Report from 2011-02-16 14:00 UTC to 2011-02-16 14:14 UTC

Time Object pmRadioRecInterferencePwr
14:00 EUtranCellFDD=172169_1 5664,880660,8739,3020,1372,364,21,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
14:00 EUtranCellFDD=172169_2 617247,282277,309,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
14:00 EUtranCellFDD=172169_3 761490,138350,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
 EUtranCellFDD PM Counters
 pmRadioTbsPwrRestricted
 The number of Transport Blocks on MAC level scheduled in uplink where the UE was
considered to be power limited.

 pmRadioTbsPwrUnrestricted
 The number of Transport Blocks on MAC level scheduled in uplink where the UE was NOT
considered to be power limited.

 Condition: A Transport Block is considered to be power limited when the estimated

required transmit power is higher than the UE maximum transmit power.

Report from 2011-02-16 13:00 UTC to 2011-02-16 13:14 UTC

Time Object pmRadioTbsPwrRestricted pmRadioTbsPwrUnrestricted
13:00 EUtranCellFDD=172169_1 32 1630
13:00 EUtranCellFDD=172169_2 46 2376
13:00 EUtranCellFDD=172169_3 19 31
DL-PC
DL-PC:PC ON PDCCH
Thank You