LUMAD

BY: Group 7
What is Lumad?
• These are a group of non-Muslim
Austronesian indigenous people in the
southern Philippines.
• It is a Cebuano term meaning "native" or
"indigenous". The term is short for
Katawhang Lumad (Literally: "indigenous
people").
• They are the largest indigenous population in
the Philippines, making up 68% of the
population of the indigenous people here at
our country.
 There are 18 Lumad ethnolinguistic
groups namely, Atta, Bagobo,
Considered as
Banwaon, B’laan, Bukidnon, "vulnerable groups",
Dibabawon, Higaonon, Mamanwa,
Mandaya, Manguwangan, Manobo, they live in hinterlands,
Mansaka, Subanon, forests, lowlands and
Tagakaolo, Tasaday, Tboli, Teduray,
and Ubo. coastal areas.
What is Manobo?
• Manobo, the name may came from Mansuba from man (person or people)
and suba (river), meaning river people. The first Manobo settlers lived in
northern Mindanao, at present Manobo tribes can be found at the hillsides
and river valleys of the northeastern part of Cotabato.
• Manobos are concentrated in Agusan, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Misamis
Oriental, and Surigao Del Sur.
• One of the largest groups in the country.
• There are 5 subgroups of Manobos, Matidsalug Manobo, Agusanon
Manobo, Dulangan Manobo, Dabaw Manobo, & Ata Manobo.
What are the arts & craft of the Manobos?
• Great weavers and artisans. They make beads
and necklaces, baskets, and other items that
they use in their daily lives.
• The Ata women have mastered the art of
making “liyang”, a woven basket used for
harvesting or for wood gathering.
• It is made of abaca, rattan, & batok (a bamboo
tree)
• The big necklaces that adorn
Manobo women are called ginibang.
• The beaded waistband are called
bakus & the practical tikos are those
that wrap around their lower legs to
varicose veins.
• The tangkuro exclusive to Datus are
headdresses that have designs
unique to each weaver.
What is Mansaka?
• Mansaka ethnic group is found in the provinces of Davao del Norte and
Compostela Valley particularly in the cities of Davao and Tagum and other
municipalities of the said provinces in Pantukan , Maco Mabini, Mawab,
Nabunturan and Maragusan.
• The Mansaka are the most dominant ethnic group in Compostella Valley
Province. They are said to have lived in the area since the time
when Magbabaya (Creator) created them.
• The name Mansaka is a combination of man (“first”) and saka (“to ascend”),
and is almost identical to the meaning of Mandaya: “the first people to
climb the mountains or go upstream.”
What are the arts & craft of the Mansaka?
• Metalcraft
– Presence of pandayan (blacksmith’s shop)
• Weaving
– dagmay (abaca cloth with designs)
> woven with 3 types of fibers (bintok; sikarig; kanarum)
• Wood carving
• Pottery
• Basketry
CLOTHING
• WOMEN
- adorn their bodies with sampad, platena, balyog, and bracelets.
- wear decorative combs of colourful beads and beaded hairpins.
- may have bangs or tie their long hair at the back. A portion remains untied near
the ears.
• The blouse of a daughter of the nobility is full of design motifs called
pyanaigon, byatotoan, limbotong, and binawid.
• Their clothes are made from abaca and saragboy, a soft cotton-like cloth
from a native shrub.
• MEN
- wear short pants or SYRAWTANAN also made from abaca and woven by women
of the tribe.
What is T’boli?
• T’boli are one of the indigenous peoples of South
Cotabato in Southern Mindanao.
• Lives in the province of South Cotabato, around
Lake Sebu, the most prominent lake in the area.
What are the arts &
crafts of T’bolis?
• The T'boli distinguish themselves
from other Tribal Groups by their
colorful clothes, bracelets and
earrings.
• This tribe is famous for their
complicated beadwork, wonderful
woven fabrics and beautiful brass
ornaments.
• According to T’boli belief, the gods
created man and woman to look
attractive so that they would be
drawn to each other and procreate.
• One of their known arts & crafts is
t’nalak.
• T'nalak (also spelled tinalak), is
a weaving tradition of the T’boli people
of South Cotabato, Philippines.
• T'nalak cloth are woven from abacá
fibers.
• The traditional female weavers are
known as dream weavers, because the
pattern of the t'nalak cloth are inspired
by their dreams.
• It is ever present in significant turning points in a life, such as birth,
marriage, and death.
• Tinalak are also their prized possession at marriage, even the covering for
childbirth for ensuring safe delivery and for trading.
• Whenever they sell their work, they put a brass ring around it as for the
spirits to allow them or to please. It is believed that cutting the cloth would
deliver sickness.
QUESTIONS
Answer the following questions:
1. How many Lumad ethnolinguistic groups are there?
2. What is the meaning of “Katawhang Lumad”?
3. What provinces where Mansakas can be found?
4. What fabric is t’nalak made of?
5. What woven basket used for harvesting or for wood gathering founded in
Manobos?