Chapter 22
Exile in Dapitan, 1892-1896
I. Beginning of Exile in Dapitan
 Steamer Cebu – which accompanied
Rizal to Dapitan sent a message from
Father Pablo Pastells, Superior of the
Jesuits Society in the Philippines, to
Father Antonio Obach, parish priest of
Dapitan. The Father Superior informed
the parish priest that Rizal could only
live at the convent on the ff. provisions:
a. “That Rizal publicly retract his
errors concerning religion and
make statements that were
clearly pro-Spanish against
revolution.
b. “That he perform the church
rites and make a general
confession of his past life.
c. “That henceforth he conduct
himself in an exemplary manner
as a Spanish Subject and a man
of religion”.
 Captain Carnicero – the commandant
whose house Rizal resided after he
objected the conditions to live in the
parish.
II. Manila Lottery Victory
 September 21, 1892 – the boat, Butuan
brought news that Lottery Ticket No. 9736
by Carnicero, Rizal, Francisco Equilior, a
Spanish Resident from Dipolog, won second
prize of P20,000;
 Rizal’s share was 6,200: 2,000 to his father,
200 to his friend in Basa, Hong Kong and
the rest to purchase agricultural lands
III. Rizal vs Fr. Pastelles
 In all his letters to Father Pastelles, Rizal
revealed his anti-Catholic ideas which he had
acquired in Europe. It is completely valid of
him to feel this way due to the abuses the
clergies made in the name of Roman Rite
Catholicism.
 Rizal states “individual judgment is a gift
from God and everybody should use it like a
lantern to show the way and that self-esteem,
if moderated by the judgment, saves man
from unworthy acts.”
 Imitacion de Cristo- Imitation of Christ is a
famous Catholic book by Father Thomas a
Kempis which Father Pastelles gave to Rizal.
IV. Rizal Challenges a Frenchman to a Duel
 Mr. Juan Lardet purchased many logs from Rizal’s
lands, some of which are of poor quality. Lardet, in a
letter written to Antonio Miranda, Rizal’s friend,
expressed his disdain about Rizal.
 Miranda sends the letter to Rizal, who was
enraged about the criticism and confronted
Lardet and challenged the latter to a duel.
 Lardet later apologizes.
V. Rizal and Father Sanchez
 Rizal wrote “Estudios Sobre La Lengua
Tagala” or “Studies on the Tagalog
Language” and dedicated it to Father
Sanchez, who was his favorite teacher at
Ateneo De Manila.
 Father Sanchez is the only Spanish clergy
who defended “Noli Me Tangere” in
public.
VI. Idyllic Life in Dapitan
 Rizal’s family used to visit him to keep
him company and assuage his loneliness.
VII. Spy of the Friars
 Rizal’s peaceful life is interrupted by a
random incident involving a spy working
for the Recollect friars, “Pablo Mercado”.
VIII. Physician in Dapitan
 Rizal practiced medicine and gave it for
free to the underprivileged.
 The affluent people paid for his surgical
skills. Don Ignacio Tumarong paid him
3,000, an Englishman paid him 300 and
Don Florencio Azacarraga paid him a
cargo of sugar.
 In Aug. 1893, his mother and sister, Maria
lived with him in Dapitan for a year and a
half. He operated his mother’s eye.
 His recognition as a physician became
widely known to different parts of the
Philippines and even Hong Kong.

IX. Water System for Dapitan
 Rizal applied his engineering skills by
constructing systems of waterworks in
order to furnish clean water for the
townspeople.
 He succeeded despite limitations and was
praised by American engineer, Mr. H.F.
Cameron.
X. Community Projects in Dapitan
 Rizal spent many months draining the
marshes to eliminate malaria from Dapitan.
 Used the Ph 500 the English patient paid
him for the lighting system.
 Another project he did was the
beautification of Dapitan. Made a relief of
the Mindanao map with out of earth, stones
and grass alongside Fr. Sanchez.
XI. Rizal as a teacher
 Had 21 students.
 Taught his students reading, writing,
languages (English and Spanish),
geography, history, mathematics
(arithmetic and geometry), industry
works, nature studies, morals and
gymnastics.
 Instead of charging them tuition fees,
Rizal made them work in his gardens,
field and construction projects in the
community.
XII. Hymn to Talisay.
 Conducted his school at his home in
Talisay, near Dapitan, where his farm
and hospital are located.
 His favorite engagement with his boys
is sitting under a Talisay tree, which
the place is named after.
 Wrote the poem “Himno A Talisay”
for his pupils to sing.
XIII. Contributions to Science
 Had a vast collection of conchology
(consisting of 343 shells of 203
species)
 Discovered rare specimens:
Apogonia rizali (a small lizard),
Rhacophorus rizali (a rare frog) and
Draco rizali (a dlying dragon).
XIV. Linguistic studies
 Continued his studies in languages
while in exile. Rizal is fluent in 22
languages: Malay, Ilokano, Hebrew,
Bisaya, Sanskrit, Subanum, Dutch,
Spanish, Catalan Latin, Italian Greek,
Chinese, English, Japanese, French,
Portuguese, German, Swedish,
Arabic and Russian
 Learned Bisaya, Subanum and Malay
while in Dapitan
XV. Artistic works in Dapitan
 Contributed paintings to the Sisters
of Charity who were preparing the
shrine of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
 Produced sketches of people and
things that attracted him in Dapitan
 Sculpted a small statue called “The
Mother’s Revenge” to stress the
moral of the incident where a puppy
of his dog, Syria, was eaten by a
crocodile.
 Constructed a statue of a girl called
“The Dapitan Girl”, a woodcarving
of Josephine Bracken (Rizal’s wife)
 Made a bust of St. Paul for Father
Pastelles
XVI. Rizal as a Farmer
 He owned total land holdings of 70
hectares where 6,000 hemp plants,
1,000 coconut trees and vast fruit
trees, sugarcane, corn, coffee and
cacao were planted.
 He was supposed to establish an
agricultural colony in Sitio Ponot
because it was best for raising
cacao, coffee, coconuts and cattle.
However, this did not materialize
due to lack of government support.
XVII. Rizal as a Businessman
 Ramon Carreon – Rizal’s business
partner in Dapitan Rizal made
profitable business ventures in
fishing, copra and hemp industries.
 Hemp industry – Rizal’s most
profitable business
 Once he shipped 150 bales of hemp to
Manila. He purchased hemp in Dapitan
 at P7 and 4 reales per picul and he sold
it to Manila at P10 and 4 reales.
 Rizal also engaged in lime
manufacturing. Their lime burner had a
monthly capacity of more than 400
bags of lime
 organized the Cooperative Association
of Dapitan Farmers to break Chinese
monopoly.
XVIII. Inventive Ability
 Rizal invented a cigarette lighter
called “sulpukan” and gave it to
Blumentritt as a gift.
 Invented a wooden machine for
making bricks.
XIX. My Retreat
 Rizal wrote ‘Mi Retiro” at his
mother’s request, who returned to
Manila after her eyesight has been
restored.
XX. Rizal and Josephine Bracken.
 Jospehine Bracken- Irish woman,
daughter of James Bracken and
Elizabeth Jane MacBride.
 Mr. George Taufer- adopted
Josephine after Elizabeth died of
childbirth.
 Mr. Taufer became blind and
sought an ophthalmic specialist.
This is how Rizal and Josephine
met.
 Rizal and Josephine decided to get
married but Father Obach refused
to marry them without the consent
of Bishop of Cebu.
 Hearing of the planned marriage
and unable to endure the thought of
losing Josephine, Mr. attempted
suicide by cutting off his throat
with a razor but Rizal was able to
stop this.
 Josephine accompanied Mr. Taufer
back to Manila. Mr. Taufer returned
to Hong Kong alone while
Josephine stayed with the Rizals in
Manila.
 Having no priests to marry them,
Rizal and Josephine married
themselves before the eyes of God
 The two were happy for they were
expecting for a baby. However, the
child died of premature birth. The
baby lived for only three hours. He
was named “Francisco” in honor of
Rizal’s father.
XXI. The Katipunan
 Pio Valenzuela – emissary to
Dapitan in order to inform Rizal of
the plan of Katipunan during the
meeting at a little river called
Bitukang Manok.
 Venus – steamer Valenzuela
boarded to reach Dapitan
 Raymundo Mata – blind man who
came with Valenzuela to
camouflage his mission
 Rizal opposed Bonifacio’s project
because: the people are not ready for
a revolution and arms and funds
must first be collected before raising
the cry of revolution.
XXII. Volunteers as Military Doctor in Cuba
 When Cuba was under revolution and
raging yellow fever epidemic, Rizal
wrote to Governor General Ramon
Blanco offering his help as military
doctor.
 Governor Blanco later notified Rizal of
the acceptance of the offer. The
notification came along with an
instruction of acquiring first a pass for
Manila from the politico-military
commander of Dapitan.
XXIII. The Song of the Traveler
 Upon receiving the acceptance of his offer
to go to Europe then to Cuba to help
in the curing of patients suffering
yellow fever, he wrote a poem “El
Canto del Viajero”
XXIV. Adios Dapitan
 España – steamer which brought
Rizal to Manila from Dapitan
 Rizal was accompanied by
Josephine, Narcisa, Angelica
(Narcisa’s daughter), his three
nephews and six pupils.
 As farewell, the town brass of
Dapitan played the dolorous Funeral
March of Chopin.
 He stayed in Dapitan for four years,
thirteen days and a few hours.