Chapter 11

(Lecturer 7-Part 1)
Heat Exchanger

1
Introduction
 Heat exchange is the process that involved heat exchange between two
fluids that are at different temperatures and separated by a solid wall.

 The device used to implement this heat exchange process called as heat
exchanger.

 Heat exchanger can be applied in

 Space heating
 Air conditioning
 Power production
 Waste heat recovery
 Chemical processing and etc.

Heat Exchanger 2
Introduction
 Heat exchangers are classified according to flow arrangement and type
of construction.

 All principles that we have learned previously apply.

 In this chapter we will learn how our previous knowledge can be applied
to do heat exchanger calculations, discuss methodologies for design and
introduce performance parameters.

Heat Exchanger 3
Heat Exchanger Type
 Heat exchangers are classified according to flow arrangement and type
of construction.

 Simplest heat exchanger – Concentric tube heat exchanger

 Hot and cold fluid move in same or opposite direction

Heat Exchanger 4
Heat Exchanger Type
 Cross flow heat exchanger (hot and cold fluid move perpendicular each
other)
 Finned tubular heat exchanger
 Unifinned tubular heat exchanger

Heat Exchanger 5
Heat Exchanger Type
 Shell and tube heat exchanger
 Tailor made heat exchanger according to the number of shell and
tube passes.
 Baffles are install to increase convection coefficient by inducing
turbulent flow and reduce vibration.

Heat Exchanger 6
Heat Exchanger Type
 Shell and tube heat exchanger

Heat Exchanger 7
Heat Exchanger Type
 Shell and tube heat exchanger

Heat Exchanger 8
Heat Exchanger Type
 Compact heat exchanger
 To achieved very large heat transfer surface per area per unit volume
(≥ 400 m2/m3 for liquids and ≥ 700 m2/m3 for gases)
 Have dense array of finned tubes or plates.
 The tube may be flat or circular and the fins may be plate or circular.
 Single pass or multipass configuration.

Heat Exchanger 9
Heat Exchanger Type
 Compact heat exchanger

Heat Exchanger 10
Heat Exchanger Type
 Compact heat exchanger

Heat Exchanger 11
Heat Exchanger Type
 Compact heat exchanger

Heat Exchanger 12
Heat Exchanger Design Process
For a specific duty we need to specify the necessary area (or length) and
to decide what type of heat exchanger we need.

Operating pressures & temperatures

Fouling characteristics of the fluids (i.e. tendency to foul due to

temperature, suspended solids ...)

Available utilities (cooling tower water, chilled water, steam)

Temperature driving force (i.e. temperature of approach or cross and

available LMTD)

Plot plan & layout constraints, accessibility for cleaning and maintenance

Considerations for future expansions

Heat Exchanger 13
 -The End-

Heat Exchanger 14