ITALIAN

RENAISSANCE
GARDEN

Submitted by
LILITH KUMAR S
INTRODUCTION TO LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
 Landscape architecture is the design of outdoor areas,
landmarks, and structures to achieve environmental, social-
behavioural, or aesthetic outcomes.
 It involves the systematic investigation of existing social,
ecological, and soil conditions and processes in the
landscape, and the design of interventions that will
produce the desired outcome.
 The scope of the profession includes landscape design; site
planning; stormwater management; environmental
restoration; parks and recreation planning; visual resource
management; green infrastructure planning and provision;
and private estate and residence landscape master
planning and design; all at varying scales of design,
planning and management.
 A practitioner in the profession of landscape architecture is
called a landscape architect.
CHANGING ATTITUDES TOWARDS LANDSCAPE.
 The rewilding of landscapes is one of the most
important and intensively discussed landscape
changes occurring in the world.
 Hence the present study aims to assess the public
attitudes towards nature and “rewilding”
processes. In order to analyze these attitudes.
 A cluster analysis led to a typology with four
different types of human-nature relationship
throughout time
1. nature lovers
2. nature sympathizers
3. nature-connected users
4. nature controllers
ITALIAN RENAISSANCE GARDEN
INTRODUCTION
 The Italian Renaissance garden was a new style of garden
which emerged in the late15th century at villas in Rome
and Florence, inspired by classical ideals of order and
beauty, and intended for the pleasure of the view of the
garden and the landscape beyond, for contemplation,
and for the enjoyment of the sights, sounds and smells of
the garden itself.
 In the late Renaissance, the gardens became larger,
grander and more symmetrical, and were filled with
fountains, statues, grottoes, water organs and other
features designed to delight their owners and amuse and
impress visitors.
 The style was imitated throughout Europe, influencing the
gardens of the French Renaissance and the English garden.
INTRODUCTION
 Or in practical, A Renaissance Garden is a place for retreat
from a hectic world.
 It’s for pleasure and peace.
 It’s for wandering, pottering and contemplating.
 Any practical elements such as vegetables, fruit and herbs
are woven into the garden design so they appear
ornamental.
HISTORY
 Italian renaissance gardens originate from the 15th century
in Italy, where proud villas with luxurious and extravagant
gardens told the tale of a life centered on leisure and
prosperity.
 The few who lived in these magnificent villas and roamed
these fascinating gardens were fortunate during the time of
the plague, usually avoiding it entirely.
 The Italian renaissance garden innovated the art of
gardening as well as the architecture of waterways.
 During this period of experimentation and invention, the
owners of the villas commissioned architects to build
special pipes that would create fountains with continuously
flowing water.
HISTORY
HISTORY
 Prior to the Italian Renaissance,
Italian Medieval gardens were
enclosed by walls, and were
devoted to growing vegetables,
fruits and medicinal herbs, or, in
the case of monastery gardens,
for silent meditation and prayer.
 The Italian Renaissance garden
broke down the wall between
the garden, the house, and the
landscape outside.
 The Italian Renaissance garden,
like Renaissance art and
architecture, emerged from the
rediscovery by Renaissance
scholars of classical Roman
models.
INFLUENCES AND PRINCIPLES OF THE GARDENS
 The Italian renaissance gardens had many guiding
influences and principles.
 The Roman gods and goddesses were inspirations for
commissioned artwork displayed in the gardens.
 Domestic and wild animals influenced the shapes of
topiaries.
 The entire landscape of the garden was meant to be
practical as well as aesthetically pleasing.
 Unlike medieval gardens, the renaissance garden was not
the secluded area specifically for growing herbs and
vegetables.
 It was made a part of the landscape of the home,
complimenting the house instead of being hidden from
view.
INFLUENCES AND PRINCIPLES OF THE GARDENS
 The ancient Roman garden's depicted in artwork and
literature were a major part in the inspiration for such
gardens.
 According to Leon Battista Alberti, some of the principle
aspects of a Renaissance garden included an area for
shade, climbing vines and topiaries, evenly spaced trees,
rare plants, marble columns, vases, and statues.
 The first Renaissance text to include garden design was De
Re Aedificatoria ('The Ten Books of Architecture'), by Leon
Battista Alberti (1404–1472).
 He described what a garden should look like and how it
should be used.
INFLUENCES AND PRINCIPLES OF THE GARDENS
 He argued that a villa should both be looked at and a
place to look from; that the house should be placed above
the garden, where it could be seen and the owner could
look down into the garden.
 Alberti wrote: "The construction will give pleasure to the
visitor if, when they leave the city, they see the villa in all its
charm, as if to seduce and welcome the new arrivals.
Toward this end, I would place it on a slightly elevated
place. I would also have the road climb so gently that it
fools those who take it to the point that they do not realize
how high they have climbed until they discover the
countryside below”.
MAGNIFICIENCE OF RENAISSANCE GARDEN
 While the early Italian Renaissance gardens were designed for
contemplation and pleasure with tunnels of greenery, trees for
shade, an enclosed giardino segreto (secret garden) and fields
for games and amusements, the Medici, the ruling dynasty of
Florence, used gardens to demonstrate their own power and
magnificence.
 During the first half of the sixteenth century, magnificence
came to be perceived as a princely virtue, and all over the
Italian peninsula architects, sculptors, painters, poets, historians
and humanist scholars were commissioned to concoct a
magnificent image for their powerful patrons.
 The major difference in the Renaissance gardens was the
introduction of a strong central axis and the discovery of linear
perspective as a link between the main buildings and the
different portions of the garden.
MAGNIFICIENCE OF RENAISSANCE GARDEN
 Gardens became separated into compartments that could
be named, enclosed, and hidden to create an unfolding
sequence of spaces.
 The axis organized and unified the whole composition.
 Geometry was seen as a reflection of a divine and cosmic
order and a lot of Renaissance study was focused both on
trying to find geometric patterns in nature and then trying
to recreate this codified order in architecture, art, town
planning and gardens.
 Art and science were strongly linked and a study of
proportion and the human figure created a framework for
a classical order of perspective, proportion, symmetry, and
geometric forms, circles and triangles.