Understanding

Data Types

CC102 - FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMING

 LESSON X – LOREM IPSUM

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of the session, the students should be
able to:
1. Define appropriate data type for different
programming scenario
2. Can identify the different keyword categorically
3. Develop code that declares, initializes, and uses
primitives, arrays, enums, and objects as static,
instance, and local variables.
3. Write code that determines the equality of two
objects or two primitives.
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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Data Related Concepts

• Understanding Variables, Data Types,
and Operators
• Naming the Variables: Legal Identifiers
• Reserved Names: The Keywords

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Understanding Variables, Data

Types, and Operators
• 2 kinds of data types:
primitive and non-primitive
• 2 corresponding kinds of variables:
primitive variables,
and reference variables –
object references

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Working with primitive data types

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Working with primitive data types

Category Types Precision Example
byte From +127 to -128 byte b = 65;
char c = 'A';
char All Unicode characters
char c = 65;
short From +32,767 to -32,768 short s = 65;
Integer From +2,147,483,647 to -
int int i = 65;
2,147,483,648
From
long +9,223,372,036,854,775,807 to - long l = 65L;
9,223,372,036,854,775,808

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Working with primitive data types

Category Types Precision Example
From 3.402,823,5 E+38 to
float float f = 65f;
1.4 E-45
Floating-
point From
double d =
double 1.797,693,134,862,315,7
65.55;
E+308 to 4.9 E-324
boolean b =
boolean false, true
true;
Other
void -- --

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Syntax in declaring Variable

• The general syntax for declaring and
initializing
a variable:
<modifier> <dataType>
<variableName> (assignment Op)
<initial/literal Value>;

private int id = 10;

int id;
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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Accessing Variables
• Once you declare a variable, you can access it
by referring to it by its name:
x = y;

Variables can be classified into three categories:

• Local variables
• Instance variables
• Static variables

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Literals
• A literal is a value assigned to a variable in the
source code
int id = 10;
The boolean Literals: true or false
The char Literals: ‘L’, ‘\u4567’, ‘\n’
The Integral Literals: 43, 43L, 053, 0x2b
The Floating-Point Literals: 12.33, 1.25E+8, 1.2534f

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Initial and default values

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Sample
program

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Working with non primitive data

types
• All non-primitive data types in Java are objects
• You create an object by instantiating a class
• When you declare a variable of a non-primitive
data type, you actually declare a variable that
is a reference - reference variable / object
• reference - to the memory where an object
lives
Objects
Arrays – will be discussed on final term
The Data Type enum – for intermediate programming
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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Working with non primitive data

types
• An object reference (a reference variable) is
declared:
Student studentOne;
• You create an object with the new operator
studentOne = new Student();

• The declaration of the object reference

variable, object creation, and initialization of
the reference variable:
Student studentOne = new Student();

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Using Assignment Operator

• used to set
(or reset)
the value of
a variable:
x = 7;

• shortcut
assignment
operators:

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Advance Operators used by Java

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Advance Operators used by Java

• Shorcut of if-else operator ?:

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Advance Operators used by Java

• CAST Operator
• The cast operator: (<type>) explicitly converts
a value to the specified type
byte z = (byte) (x/y);
• The new operator: instantiate a class and to
create an array
• The instanceof operator: determines if a
given object is of the type of a specific class
<op1> instanceof <op2>

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

Equality of Two Objects or two

Primitives
• Three kinds of elements that can be compared to
test the equality:
1.Primitive variables:
• hold the same value
• can be tested with the == operator
2. Reference variables:
• can be compared by using the == operator
• hold the same value
3. Objects:
• tested with the equals() method of the Object
class
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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

QUIZ 1: ½ YELLOW PAPER

•Identify what is the
appropriate data type
does the following data
belongs:

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

LAB Activity 1: what is the output?

class Main {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int t;
System.out.println(t);
}
}

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 LESSON III – Understanding Data Types

LAB Activity 2: what is the output?

class Test {
public static void main(String[] args){
Double object = new Double("2.4");
int a = object.intValue();
byte b = object.byteValue();
float d = object.floatValue();
double c = object.doubleValue();

System.out.println(a + b + c + d );
}
}

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 Variables,
Identifiers and
Keywords

CC101 - INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING

 LESSON III – Variables Identifiers and Keywords

Naming Variables
1. Each variable has a name, called an identifier.
2. Rules to name a variable:
• The first character must be a letter, a dollar sign ($),
or an underscore (_).
• A character other than the first character in an
identifier may be a letter, a dollar sign, an underscore,
or a digit.
• None of the Java language keywords (or reserved
words) can be used as identifiers.
3. Maximum character length for an identifier: Unlimited
Java SE 10 Edition

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 LESSON III – Variables Identifiers and Keywords

JAVA Keywords

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