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Anatomi Kardiovaskular
Anatomi Kardiovaskular
ACHMAD AMINUDDIN
PERICARDIUM
• FIBROUS PERICARDIUM.
• SEROUS PERICARD
– PARIETAL LAYER lines fibrous pericardium.
– VISCERAL LAYER become outermost layer of
wall of heart – the epicardium.
• PERICARDIAL CAVITY.
HEART
• WALL OF THE HEART
– EPICARDIUM.
– MYOCARDIUM.
– ENDOCARDIUM.
• FOUR CHAMBER
– ATRIA - receiving chamber.
• Right.
• Left.
– VENTRICLES - discharging chamber.
• Right.
• Left.
THE FIBROUS SKELETON OF THE
HEART
• KEEP THE ORIFICES OF THE A.V AND
SEMILUNAR VALVES PATENT.
• PROVIDES ATTACHMENTS FOR THE
LEAFLETS AND CUSPS OF THE VALVES.
• PROVIDES ATTACHMENTS FOR THE
MYOCARDIUM.
• FORM AN ELECTRICAL INSULATOR.
THE APEX OF THE HEART
• Isformed by the inferolateral part of the left
ventricle.
• Lie posterior to the 5th intercostal space in
adults, usually approximately 9 cm from the
median plane.
• Remains motionless throughout the cardiac
cycle.
• Is where the sounds of mitral valve closure are
maximal ( apex beat )
THE BASE OF THE HEART
• Is the heart ‘ s posterior aspect.
• Is formed mainly by the left atrium, with a
lesser contribution by the right atrium.
• Faces posteriorly toward the bodies of
vertebrae T6 – T9 and is separated from
them by the percardium, oblique
pericardial sinus, esiphagus and aorta.
• Extend superiorly
THE BASE OF THE HEART
• AORTIC VALVE
– OBLIQUALLY PLACED, IS LOCATED
POSTERIOR TO THE LEFT SIDE OF THE
STERNUM AT THE LEVEL OF THE 3rd
intercostal space.
• AORTIC SINUS
AORTIC SINUS