LESSON 1

THE TEXT AS CONNECTED DISCOURSE

Narration – is the act or process of narrating

or telling a story. Involves action, characters
and theme and etc.
Description or descriptive – writing uses
sensory writing with rich and vivid details that
appeal to man’s five senses –sight, hearing,
taste, touch and smell.
Exposition or expository – writing provides
information about one or more topics. It
informs, explains, expounds and interprets.
Includes comparison and contrast, cause
and effect and problem solution.
Persuasive discourse or argumentation –
Persuades readers through proofs of the
writer’s views..
 LESSON 2
Techniques in selecting and organizing
information

WHAT IS
BRAINSTORMING?
Brainstorming – is an individual or group
activity, this technique made to make a
solution to a particular problem.
* Just enumerate the ideas. Do not try to evalaute.
Then select possible topics. Then list the subtopics
under each topic. You may draw lines, arrows, or
stars to show connections between various
subtopics. It is best that you try to eliminate the
topics that will not provide enough information.
Then free write.
 5 Strategies under brainstorming
Cubing-an idea is examined from six distinct
viewpoints.
*Describe the topic (What is it?)
*Compare and contrast (What is it like or unlike)
*What do you associate it with (What does it
remind you of?)
*Analyze it (What are its parts?)
*Apply it (In what ways can it be utilized)
*Argue for, or against it (In what ways can you
support or oppose it)
Free writing-Set the time limit and number of words
or pages. Just write. Do not edit yourself.

Listing – Just list topics. Then make a sublist of things

you could write about each topic.
ex: Language English, French, and Spanish
Mapping – is a graphic form of listing
Webbing or clustering – involves writing down ideas,
and then making connections by associating similar
ideas with color coded circles.
GRAPHIC ORGANIZER– uses visual symbols that
express thoughts, ideas, knowledge concepts, and
relationships.
TOPIC OUTLINE– uses phrases only. There are no
sentences and verbs.
SENTENCE OUTLINE– Provides more information than
a topic outline. Every idea should be written in a
complete sentence. Avoid sentence fragments.
SENTENCE