VALIDATION COPY

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
 OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

1. The students will be able to realize that information in a

written text may be selected and organized to achieve a
particular purpose;
2. The students will be able to describe a written text as
connected discourse; and
3. The students will be able to identify the traditional forms of
discourses.
Discourse – an orderly and extended
expression of connected thought on a
subject.
 TEXT vs. DISCOURSE
TEXT is made up of sentences.
DISCOURSE is the use of such sentences.
 TEXT vs. DISCOURSE

A text is made up of sentences having

the property of grammatical cohesion.

A discourse is made if utterances

having a property of coherence.
 TEXT vs. DISCOURSE

Text analysis deals with cohesion.

Discourse analysis investigates
coherence.
“ Peter saw cows and pigs flying
around his house.”
 TEXT vs. DISCOURSE

Text is defined in terms of its being

a physical product.
Discourse is viewed as a process.
What makes text a connected
discourse?
Let us Read!
What makes a
text a
connected
discourse?
Text becomes a connected
discourse when we read.
TYPES of DISCOURSE
1. NARRATION / NARRATIVE
is the act or process of narrating or telling a story.
● characters
● setting
● pilot
● conflict
● resolution
2. DESCRIPTION / DESCRIPTIVE
uses sensory writing with rich and vivid details
that appeal to man’s 5 senses.

When can you say that descriptive

writing is effective?
3. EXPOSITION / EXPOSITORY
provides information about one or more topic.
● comparison and contrast
● cause and effect
● problem - solution
What is the purpose of expository
writing?
4. PERSUASIVE DISCOURSE /
ARGUMENTATION
persuades readers through proofs of the
writer’s view.

Is there any difference between

persuasive discourse and
argumentation?
Persuasive writing or speaking is to convince the
readers/listeners to change their mode of thinking.
Argumentative is arranged in logical manner and
is often supports by facts.
Excerpt from the creation of the World

In the beginning, God created heaven and the earth.

The earth is without form and void, and darkness was
over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was
hovering over the face of the waters.
And God said, ”Let there be light,” and there was light.
And God saw the light was good. And God separated
the light from darkness. God called the light Day, and
the darkness called Night. And there was evening and
there was morning, the first day.
Excerpt from the Memoir “Goodnight, Rene”
The sky was dark, foreboding. A wounded eagle fell from
the sky. Somewhere in the damp ground was a black
leather jacket, a brown wallet, and a pair of eyeglasses.
Suddenly I heard the sound of the creek. I followed the
sound. Then I heard my two nieces Yenyen and Nina
sobbing. Then I saw a mangled, human hand filled with
blood.
I remember my last conversation with Rene. He said he
wanted to try skydiving and he did.