EUROPEAN

LITERATURE
CLASSICAL GREEK
language, with a continuous history extending
from the 1st millennium BC to the present day.
Ancient Greek Literature*only a relatively small
proportion survives. The history of ancient Greek
literature may be divided into three periods:
Archaic (to the end of the 6th century BC);
Classical (5th and 4th centuries BC); and
Hellenistic and Greco-Roman (3rd century BC
onward).Archaic period, to the end of the 6th
century BCThe Greeks created poetry.their poetry
was intended to be sung or recited.myth—part
legend, based sometimes on the dim memory of
he several types of Greek lyric poetry originated in the
rchaic period among the poets of the Aegean Islands
nd of Ionia on the coast of Asia Minor. * Archilochus
Greek Author) employs the forms of elegyAt the
eginning of the 6th century Alcaeus and Sappho,
omposing in the Aeolic dialect of Lesbos. *Alcaic and
apphic
CLASSICAL ROMAN PERIOD
DARK AGES AND
MIDDLE AGES
Dark Ages & Middle Ages (476-100)-The Roman
Empire formally legalized Christianity -Visual arts
prospered during Middles ages- The Middle Ages
was an age of epics *Oldest of European epic in
the English epic "BEAWULF"- The European
countries produced a number of epic but only four
stand out as major epics* From Germany "The
Nibelungenlied*From France "The Song of
Roland*From Spain "El Cid" *And From Italy "The
Divine Comedy"
RENAISSANCE
PERIOD
THE AGE OF
ENLIGHTENMENT
The Age of Enlightenment-The Age of Enlightenment or Reason is a time period in Western
philosophy where reason and individuality were the center. -The Age of Enlightenment was also
influenced by the Renaissance and the Reformation. -The Age of Enlightenment happened in most of
Europe, but the focal point of the essential age would be in France and England. 🔰In England 1651
Thomas Hobbes published his most famous book Leviathan. 🔰John Locke, another English
philosopher, favored Constitutional monarchy. 🔰 Baron de Montesquieu completely disagreed with
the English philosophers. He believed that the Government should be divided into three separate
branches. France and England were not the only countries to participate in this revolution. Italy,
Spain, Poland, and Russia had their fair share of Enlightenment.
THE ROMANTIC AGE
The roman ageThe history of Roman literature begins around the 3rd century BC. It reached its
"Golden Age" during the rule of Augustus and the early part of the Roman Empire. The Romans wrote
a lot of poetry and history. They also wrote letters and made a lot of formal speeches. What language
did they use? Latin was the main language used for writing during Ancient Rome. Greek was also a
popular language because it was used by so many people in the eastern portion of the Roman
empire. What did the Romans write on? Important documents were written on papyrus scrolls (made
from the papyrus plant in Egypt) or on parchment (pages made from animal skin). They wrote with a
metal pin that they dipped in ink. For more temporary day-to-day writing they used a wax tablet or
thin pieces of wood. Poetry The Poet Virgil by UnknownPerhaps the most famous type of Roman
literature is poetry. The three most famous Roman poets are Virgil, Horace, and Ovid.Virgil (70 BC to
19 BC) - Virgil is known for writing the epic poem the Aeneid. TheAeneid tells the story of a Trojan
hero named Aeneas. It incorporates many historic events in the history of Rome.Horace (65 BC 8 BC) -
Horace is known for a collection of lyric poems called the Odes. Other works of Horace include Satires
andEpistles.Ovid (43 BC to 17 AD) - Ovid's most famous work was the epic Metamorphoses. It tells
the history of the world from creation to when Julius Caesar was made a god. Ovid was also famous
for writing love poems.
THE AGE OF
REALISM,
NATURALISM, AND
SYMBOLISM
CONTEMPORARY
LITERATURE
LITERATURE AROUND
EUROPE