LANDUSE

AND
LAND MODELS
LANDUSE
THE USE OR ACTIVITY TO WHICH A LAND IS
PUT TO
CBD: THE CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT. THIS THE
AREA IN THE MIDDLE OF URBAN AREAS WHERE
THERE TENDS TO BE A CONCENTRATION OF RETAIL
AND COMMERCIAL LAND USES.

TRANSITION ZONE: THE AREA BETWEEN THE CBD

AND THE LARGELY RESIDENTIAL SUBURBS.
TRADITIONALLY THIS USED TO BE AN AREA OF
INDUSTRY, BUT AS INDUSTRY HAS RELOCATED
THESE AREAS ARE BEING REGENERATED INTO
MIXED LAND USE AREAS INCLUDING HOUSES,
SHOPS AND ENTERTAINMENT.
SUBURBS: THE ARES NEAR THE EDGE OF THE URBAN
AREA THAT HAS A CONCENTRATION OF RESIDENTIAL
LAND USE. THERE WILL ALSO BE SOME RECREATIONAL
LAND USE WITHIN THE SUBURBS AND POSSIBLY SOME
RETAIL AND EDUCATIONAL.

RURAL-URBAN FRINGE: THIS IS THE BOUNDARY

BETWEEN THE URBAN AREA AND THE RURAL AREA
(COUNTRYSIDE). THIS AREA IS DEMAND BY MULTIPLE
LAND USERS E.G. AGRICULTURE, RECREATIONAL,
RESIDENTIAL, RETAIL, INDUSTRIAL. THE LARGE DEMAND
CAN OFTEN LEAD TO CONFLICT.
COMMUTER BELT OR COMMUTER VILLAGES
(DORMITORY VILLAGES): AREAS OF RESIDENTIAL LAND
USE WHERE PEOPLE TRAVEL FROM TO THEIR WORK
PLACE. PEOPLE MIGHT ACCESS SERVICES NEAR THEIR
PLACE OF WORK SO COMMUTER VILLAGES ARE OFTEN
DEVOID OF ANY OTHER LAND USES OR SERVICES.

GREENFIELD SITE: LAND THAT HAS NEVER BEEN BUILT

ON BEFORE, GREENFIELD SITES WILL OFTEN BE USED
FOR AGRICULTURE. MANY COUNTRIES ARE TRYING TO
RESTRICT THE AMOUNT OF BUILDING ON GREENFIELD
SITES AND ENCOURAGING BUILDING ON BROWNFIELD
SITES.
BROWNFIELD SITE: THIS IS LAND THAT HAS BEEN BUILT
ON PREVIOUSLY BUT HAS BEEN LEFT ABANDONED AND
OFTEN BECOME DERELICT. MOST COMMONLY
BROWNFIELD SITES ARE FORMER FACTORIES FOUND IN
THE TRANSITION ZONE.

DERELICT: LAND THAT HAS BEEN ABANDONED (NO

LONGER USED) AND OFTEN BECOME RUN DOWN OR
VANDALISED. DERELICT SITES IS A SIGN OF
DISINVESTMENT (COMPANIES AND PEOPLE LEAVING
AN AREA).
GREENBELT: GREENBELTS ARE PROTECTED AREAS OF
LAND AROUND LARGE URBAN AREAS. THEY HAVE
BEEN USED BY THE UK GOVERNMENT TO TRY AND
PROTECT GREENFIELD SITES AND PROMOTE
BUILDING ON BROWNFIELD SITES.
LAND USE MODELS

A MODEL IS A SIMPLIFICATION OF
REALITY.

MODELS ONLY SHOW GENERALISATIONS

SO NEAR AREA MAY BE EXACTLY THE
SAME AS THE MODEL.

TWO LAND USE MODELS BASED ON

MEDCS.
BURGESS MODEL
(CONCENTRIC CIRCLE MODEL)

THE BURGESS MODEL WAS DEVELOPED IN 1925 BY

THE SOCIOLOGIST ERNEST BURGESS.

BASED IT SOLELY ON THE US CITY OF CHICAGO.

THREE MAJOR AREAS:

1. A DISTINCTIVE COMMERCIAL AREA IN THE

CENTRE OF THE CITY AND CALLED THIS THE CBD.
2. AN AREA OF FACTORIES WHICH HE CALLED THE
TRANSITION ZONE
3. FOLLOWED BY HOUSING AS WE MOVE AWAY
FROM THE TRANSITION ZONE.

THE MODEL IS VERY SIMPLISTIC, ONLY BASED ON

ONE CITY AND NOW LARGELY OUT OF DATE AS
PERIODS OF DEINDUSTRIALISATION AND
REGENERATION HAVE CHANGED MANY URBAN
LAND USE.
HOYT MODEL:
DEVELOPED IN 1939 BY THE ECONOMIST HOMER
HOYT.
MODEL BASED ON 142 NORTH AMERICAN CITIES.

THE MAJOR AREAS ARE:

COMMERCIAL AREA IN THE CENTRE OF THE URBAN
AREAS – THE CBD.

INDUSTRY OFTEN DEVELOPED ALONG MAJOR

TRANSPORT ROUTES E.G. RAILWAYS, CANALS AND
ROADS.
POORER RESIDENTIAL AREAS WERE FOCUSED NEAR
THE INDUSTRY .

RICHER RESIDENTIAL AREAS TENDED TO GROW

FURTHER AWAY FROM POLLUTING INDUSTRIAL AREAS.

THE DEVELOPMENT WRER IN THE FORM OF WEDGES.

LIMITATIONS :

 HOYT ONLY LOOKED AT NORTH AMERICAN CITIES IN

A PERIOD BEFORE MASS CAR OWNERSHIP.
 MANY CHANGES HAVE SINCE TAKEN PLACE IN
MEDC CITIES.