ACOUSTICS & SOUND

INSULATION OF BUILDING

Presented by:
VIVEK KUMAR
REGDNO: 1301211480/CIVIL
Introduction:

• Sound energy does not remain in the room where it

is produced, but propagates throughout the building
by any available path, intruding into other rooms as
noise

• The measurements and calculations are made in 1/1-

or 1/3-octave bands and averaged over a number of
positions in the rooms.

• Finally a single-number index is calculated by

averaging over all the frequency bands.
Standard and measuring techniques
in acoustics

• The national standard of acoustic

pressure is realized by the primary
method of pressure reciprocity
calibration of microphones. An indirect
measurement method of the acoustical
impedance of laboratory standard
microphones, developed during last
year, led to an improvement in the
calibration uncertainty.
Primary method of pressure reciprocity calibration of condenser microphones
Cell for measurement of speed of sound in liquids
ACOUSTICS FOR MUSIC

• The audience must clearly hear all of the music with

the proper balance between instruments, and the
proper tonal balance for each instrument.
• The performer must clearly hear himself and the
other performers.
• Reverberation should be appropriate to the style of
the music.
• Extraneous sounds must be inaudible in the concert
space.
• The sound of the concert should be inaudible outside
of the concert space.
SOUND IN A ROOM
 
Fig.1 Direct sound and early reflections
Fig. 2 Arrival times of a single sound
Reverberation

Sound does not stop at the listener's ears of course,

it continues and is reflected again by the other walls
of the room. If the coefficient of absorption is low, a
sound may bounce several dozen times before it
fades away.
Fig. 3 More reflection paths
Building for good acoustics
A small concert hall was given acoustical treatments in a recent
renovation. Here are the visible features that were added:
Fig. 5 Some structures to control reflections and reverberation
CLASS ROOM
ASSEMBLY HALL
SPORTS HALL
CONCLUSION:

 
       There
are a number of factors to take into
account when analysing the acoustics in any
one room, the following play a major part in
creating a poor acoustic environment.

• Too much reverberation

• Sound from other rooms penetrates the walls
• Flutter echos.
 
     
  In order to reduce reverberation time, you need to increase the absorption in
the room. Absorption can be increased by the replacing of covering hard
surfaces with softer ones to minimise the amount of reflection.
 
       For optimum speech intelligibility a reverberation time of less than 0.6 or
0.8 seconds is required for classrooms
 
       Foroptimum speech intelligibility a reverberation time of 0.8 to 1.2
seconds is required for assembly halls.

       Reverberation time of less than 1.5 seconds is required for sports halls.
 
       Reverberationtime of less than 1.0 seconds is required for music
classrooms and less than 0.8 seconds for small practice / group rooms
 
THANK YOU