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Pattinama,
HIV/AIDS S.Ked
2018-84-087
APA ITU HIV/AIDS?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus yang selanjutnya disingkat HIV
adalah Virus yang menyebabkan Acquired Immuno Deficiency
Syndrome (AIDS)
Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome yang selanjutnya
disingkat AIDS adalah suatu kumpulan gejala berkurangnya
kemampuan pertahanan tubuh yang disebabkan oleh masuknya
virus HIV dalam tubuh seseorang
Orang dengan HIV dan AIDS yang selanjutnya disingkat ODHA
adalah orang yang telah terinfeksi virus HIV
WHO HIV update
July 2019
1.7 million
people newly infected
]million – 2.3 million 1.4[
37.9 million
people living with HIV 2018
]million – 44.0 million 32.7[
0.8 million
HIV-related deaths
Source: UNAIDS/WHO estimates ]million –1.1 million 0.6[
GLOBAL HIV EPIDEMIC – PEOPLE LIVING
WITH HIV
2018
Globally
37.9 million
+20%
People living with HIV Relative to
2010
37.9
people living
South-East Asia
million 3.8 million
with HIV
globally Europ
e million
2.5
Eastern
400 000
Mediterranean
Western Pacific
Source: UNAIDS/WHO estimates 1.9 million
SUMMARY OF REGIONAL HIV - 24%
EPIDEMIC
2018
New diagnoses annually
relative to 2010
WHO Region
of the Americas
3.5 million - 23%
People living with HIV
Deaths annually
relative to 2010
EPIDEMIC
2018
WHO Eastern
New diagnoses annually
relative to 2010
Mediterranean
Region
400 000
People living with HIV + 64%
Deaths annually
relative to 2010
EPIDEMIC
2018
New diagnoses annually
relative to 2010
WHO European
Region
2.5 million -7%
People living with HIV
Deaths annually
relative to 2010
EPIDEMIC
2018
New diagnoses annually
relative to 2010
WHO South-East
Asian Region
3.8 million -25%
People living with HIV
Deaths annually
relative to 2010
SUMMARY OF REGIONAL HIV +10%
EPIDEMIC
2018
New diagnoses annually
relative to 2010
WHO Western
Pacific Region
1.9 million -27%
People living with HIV
Deaths annually
relative to 2010
Transgender
women
1%
Clients of sex workers and sex
partners of other key populations
18%
Source: UNAIDS special analysis, 2019
INCREASED RISK OF ACQUIRING HIV
AMONG KEY POPULATIONS, GLOBAL
(2018)
Among men who
(22
have sex with
men times)
Among people
who inject drugs (22
times)
For transgender
(12 times)
people
54%
of new HIV infections in
95%
Middle East and North Africa
of new HIV
(2018)
Source: UNAIDS special analysis, 2019
New HIV infections by region, 2017−2018
New HIV infections New HIV infections
Number of new Number of new
all ages (per 1000 all ages (per 1000
WHO region HIV infections HIV infections
uninfected uninfected
2017 2018
population) 2017 population) 2018
49 000 49 000
Americas [36 000- 65 000] [36 000 - 65 000]
40 000 38 000
Europe [30 000 - 52 000] [28 000 - 49 000]
15 000 15 000
Eastern Mediterranean [9 700 - 22 000] [10 000 - 23 000]
45 000 48 000
Western Pacific [38 000 - 58 000] [40 000 - 61 000]
African Region 9900 17 600 000 0 5 089 000 21 500 000 24 16 331 000 25 700 000 64
[15 200 000-20 100 000] [0-0] [18 600 000-24 700 000] [18-28] [22 200 000-29 500 000] [48-76]
Western and
2900 4 300 000
0 880 000 4 800 000
18 2 655 000 5 400 000
49
Central Africa
[3 400 000-5 300 000] [0-0] [3 800 000-5 900 000] [13-24] [4 300 000-6 700 000] [35-64]
Region of the Americas 370 000 2 100 000 18 1 115 000 2 900 000 39 2 368 000 3 500 000 67
[13-22] [29-48] [49-82]
[1 700 000-2 400 000] [2 400 000-3 400 000] [3 000 000-4 200 000]
Eastern Mediterranean 2 8 21
Region 1600 78 000 19 100 240 000 82 800 400 000
[56 000-110 000] [1-3] ]170 000-350 000] [5-12] [290 000-570 000] [13-31]
European Region 182 000 830 000 22 579 000 1 700 000 34 1 404 000 2 500 000 55
[740 000-930 000] [17-25] [1 500 000-1 900 000] [27-40] [2 300 000-2 800 000] [43-64]
South-East Asia Region 1700 3 500 000 0 674 000 3 900 000 17 2 036 000 3 800 000 53
[3 000 000-4 600 000] [0-0] [3 300 000-5 100 000] [13-23] [3 100 000-4 900 000] [39-71]
Western Pacific Region 10 700 860 000 1 238 000 1 400 000 17 1 109 000 1 900 000 59
[1-1] [13-20] [47-69]
[760 000-940 000] [1 300 000-1 500 000] [1 700 000-2 100 000]
Global 576 000 24 900 000 2 7 715 000 31 700 000 24 23 331 000 37 900 000 62
[2-3] [18-29] [47-74]
[21 500 000-28 900 000] [27 300 000-36 800 000] [32 700 000-44 000 000]
Zidovudin (AZT) merupakan pilihan utama. Namun bila Hb anak < 7,5 g/dl maka
dipertimbangkan pemberian Stavudin(d4T).
Dengan adanya risiko efek samping pada penggunaan d4T jangka panjang,
maka dipertimbangkan mengubah d4T ke AZT (bila Hb anak > 10 gr/dl) setelah
pemakaian 6 – 12 bulan. Bila terdapat efek anemia berulang maka dapat
kembali ke d4T.
…
Tenofovir saat ini dapat digunakan pada anak usia di atas 2 tahun.
EFV dapat digunakan pada anak ≥ 3 tahun atau BB ≥ 10 kg, jangan
diberikan pada anak dengan gangguan psikiatrik berat.
EFV adalah pilihan pada anak dengan TB. Jika berat badan anak
memungkinkan, sebaiknya gunakan KDT.
REKOMENDASI TES LABORATORIUM
SETELAH PEMBERIAN TERAPI ARV
PADUAN ARV LINI KEDUA
1. Paduan ARV lini kedua pada remaja dan dewasa
PADUAN ARV LINI KEDUA
2. Paduan ART lini kedua pada anak
PADUAN ARV LINI KETIGA