LOW-PASS RC FILTER

GROUP – 1
OKAZAKI, TETSUYA REYES, JAN MARCO ALLAG, AUSTIN
FRANCO, JASPER LOZADA, ANDREA NICOLE ALICANDO,
MICHAEL
WHAT IS A FILTER?
A FILTER IS A CIRCUIT THAT REMOVES, OR
“FILTERS OUT,” A SPECIFIED RANGE OF
FREQUENCY COMPONENTS.
LET’S IMAGINE THAT WE HAVE AN AUDIO SIGNAL THAT CONSISTS OF A PERFECT 5
KHZ SINE WAVE. WE KNOW WHAT A SINE WAVE LOOKS LIKE IN THE TIME DOMAIN,
AND IN THE FREQUENCY DOMAIN WE WILL SEE NOTHING BUT A FREQUENCY
“SPIKE” AT 5 KHZ. NOW LET’S SUPPOSE THAT WE ACTIVATE A 500 KHZ OSCILLATOR
THAT INTRODUCES HIGH-FREQUENCY NOISE INTO THE AUDIO SIGNAL.
TYPES OF FILTERS
FILTERS CAN BE PLACED INTO BROAD CATEGORIES THAT
CORRESPOND TO THE GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
THE FILTER’S FREQUENCY RESPONSE.

• If a filter passes low frequencies and blocks high frequencies,

it is called
LOW-PASS FILTER.
• If it blocks low frequencies and passes high frequencies, it is
a HIGH-PASS FILTER.
• There are also BAND-PASS FILTERS, which pass only a
relatively narrow range of frequencies, and BAND-STOP
FILTERS, which block only a relatively narrow range of
frequencies.
 FILTERS CAN ALSO BE CLASSIFIED
ACCORDING TO THE TYPES OF COMPONENTS
THAT ARE USED TO IMPLEMENT THE CIRCUIT.
• Passive filters use resistors, capacitors, and inductors; these
components have no ability to provide amplification, and
consequently a passive filter can only maintain or reduce the
amplitude of an input signal.
• An active filter, on the other hand, can both filter a signal and
apply gain, because it includes an active component such as
a transistor or an operational amplifier.
THE RC LOW-PASS FILTER