DATA COLLECTION AND

RESEARCH
INSTRUMENTS
INTRODUCTION

• Periode of data collection

• Privilage and obligation
• Experience (reflective practice)
• Senstivity and skepticism

• Support
• Research questions
• Data-colletion form
ORGANIZING THE DATA COLLECTION
• Data-collection plan
• Definition of the case
• List of research questions
• Identification of helpers
• Data sources
• Allocation of time and expenses
• Intended reporting
• Checklist
• Ready for unantipicated
• Displaying of progress of the study
• Data storage system and data
management
• Recording tools
• Selection of data sources
• Individuality of researchers
ACCESS AND PERMISSIONS

• Access and permissions • Written permission

• The nature of the case study
• The sponsor • Ethical sensitivity
• The activity (brief and detail)
• The primary issues • Anticipate the possible
• The time span misperceptions
• Burden to the parties
• Bakcground and selection procedures • Unobstrusive but interesting
• Plan for report distribution (include review introduction
opportunities)
• Anonymity declaration • Leaving protocol
• Change approval
OBSERVATION
• Observation source – research
questions (issues)
• Observation record
• Observation focus: quantitative vs.
qualitative
• Descriptions of contexts: physical or
other contexts
• Type of observation
• naturalistic vs systematic
• Level of participation
Naturalistic observation: https://www.yo
utube.com/watch?v=Gljv31Sumsw
Participation observation: https://www.y
outube.com/watch?v=mVHoUkQSIkU
Performing observation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gq6v
59YoPUM
Analysis of observation data:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Za1Z5
gnJN8A
INTERVIEW

• Introduction • Doing interview

• Descriptions and interpretations • Testing the question
of other (multiple realities) • Listening, taking notes, control,
• Strong advance plan thinking of writing
• Quantitative interview vs. • Remember the main questions,
qualitative interview probes carefully created,
• Structured vs. unstructured occasionally asking the dumb
interview question for clarity
• Confirmation
Interview: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNNKCD2f4qw

Performing interview: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4hBOxS0Pb0

Analysis of interview data: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRL4PF2u9XA

DOCUMENT REVIEW

• Document review planning

• Metode of document review
• Substitution of direct observation
DATA COLLECTION TIP

• How much time and effort should I devote to

collectiong the case study data? How do I know
whether I’m finished collectiong the data?
• You have confirmatory evidence (evidence from two or more
different sources) for most of your main topics; and
• Your evidence includes attempts to investigate major rival
hypotheses or explanations
DATA COLLECTION PRINCIPLES

• Using multiple, not just single, sources

of evidence
• Creating a caset study database; and
• Maintaining a chain of evidence