Network Layer Functions

• Logical addressing
• Routing
END TO END DELIVERY
 Network Layer Design Isues
• Store-and-Forward Packet Switching
• Services Provided to the Transport Layer
• Implementation of Connectionless Service
• Implementation of Connection-Oriented Service
• Comparison of Virtual-Circuit and Datagram Subnets
 Switching
• It is the process of creating temporary
connections between two or more devices
linked to the switch, but not to each other.
• Circuit Switching
• Message Switching
• Packet Switching
– Datagram approach
– Virtual Circuit approach
 Circuit Switching
• Creates physical connection between two
devices such as phones or computers, using
circuit switch.
• Circuit Switch is a device with ‘n’ inputs and
‘m’ outputs that creates temporary
connection between input link and output
link.
 Drawbacks of Circuit Switching
• Suitable for voice communication.
• Less suited for data and Non-voice
transmissions.
• Less Data Rate.
• Inflexible.
 Packet Switching
• Datagram Approach
• Virtual Circuit Approach

--- way to forward the data

-- Store and Forward
-- Cut - n - through
Datagram Approach
Store-and-Forward Packet Switching

fig 5-1
 Services Provided to the Transport Layer
1 . The services should be independent of the router
technology.

2. The transport layer should be shielded from the

number and topology of the routers present.

3. The network addresses made available to the

transport layer should use a uniform numbering plan,
even across LANs and WANs.
Implementation of Connectionless Service
Implementation of Connection-Oriented
Service
Routing within a virtual-circuit subnet.
Comparison of Virtual-Circuit and
Datagram Subnets

5-4
Difference between Circuit Switching and Virtual
Circuit Switching
• PATH vs ROUTE: Circuit Switched Connection creates
path between two points.
Physical path is created by setting the switched for the
duration of the dial(dial-up) or duration of the
lease(leased line).
Virtual Circuit Switched Connection creates a route
between two end points.
This means that each switch creates an entry in routing
table for the duration of the session or duration of the
lease.
Difference between Circuit Switching and Virtual
Circuit Switching

• DEDICATED vs SHARING: In Circuit Switched

connections, Links that make a path are
dedicated, they can NOT be used by other
connections.
• In Virtual Circuit connection, the links that
make a route can be shared by other
connections.
Message Switching