A

SEMINAR ON
“HVDC TRANSMISSION”

SUBMITTED
BY

Utkarsh J. Jambhule
(BE12FO3FO25)

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF

Dr. Archana G. Thosar (H.O.D)
INTRODUCTION:

 With the increasing of requirement of electrical

power supply the facilities have to be increased in
that transmission plays an important role.

 Here HVDC (high voltage direct current)

transmission
plays major role in power transmission.

 First HVDC transmission linked between gotland

and mainland in sweden in 1954.

 The HVDC transmission has many advantages

over HVAC transmission.
HVDC MEANS…..

HVDC stands for High Voltage Direct Current and

is today a well-proven technology all over the world.

Two AC systems having different frequencies can be

linked up together by means of HVDC link.

HVDC technology is used to transmit electricity over

long distances.
WHY DC TRANSMISSION ?

 Losses are less in DC transmission while comparing

?
to AC transmission.

 Only two conductors are required for DC

with positive and negative polarities.

DC overhead lines or cables are

less expensive.

 DC lines are useful for long distances

above 500km.
Comparison of HVAC and HVDC

 Conventionally power transmission is

affected through HVAC systems all over the
world.

 HVAC transmission is having several limitations

like, line length , uncontrolled power flow, over/low
voltages during lightly / over loaded conditions,
stability problems, fault isolation etc…

 But HVDC have low transmission losses

and it requires only two conductors.
Comparison between the prices of AC &
DC Transmission
 HVDC transmission
system

AC Converte Inverter
Wind Station AC Distribution
Transmission r
Transmission Line
Line Station HVDC
Power Line
Transmission Line
1. Converters
2. Smoothing reactors
3. Harmonic filters
4. Reactive power
source
5. Electrodes
6. Dc lines
7. Ac circuit breakers
HVDC Transmission can be broadly
classified into:-

Monopolar link

Bipolar link

Homopolar link
It uses one conductor.

The return path is provided by ground or water.

Use of this system is due to cost

considerations.

A metallic return may be used where earth

resistivity is too high
Each terminal has two converters of equal rated voltage,
connected in series on DC side.

The junctions between converters is grounded.

If one pole is isolated due to fault, the other pole can operate
with ground and carry half the rated load ( or more using
overload capabilities of its converter line.)
It has two conductors each having same polarity, usually negative.

Since the corona effect in DC transmission lines is less for

negative polarity, homopolar link is usually operated with negative
polarity.

The return path for such a system is through ground.

 Back to Back Transmission.
 Point to point Overhead line
Transmission.
 Point to point Underground
Cable
Transmission.
 Point to point Sub marine
Transmission.
The losses which occurs in the
systems are comparatively low at all the
stages (i.e.) at generation ,
transmission & distribution level.

The losses at transmission level can

be highly reduced by HVDC
transmission.
 Advantages of HVDC

Technical
Economic
Advantages
Advantages
 Lesser Corona Loss and Radio interference.

 The voltage regulation problem is much less

serious for DC, since only the IR drop is
involved. For the same reason steady state
stability is no longer a major problem.

 No skin and proximity and Ferranti effect

 Asynchronous operation possible between

regions having different electrical parameters.
 DC lines and cables are cheaper than AC lines
or cables.

 The towers of the DC lines are narrower,

simpler and cheaper compared to the towers of
the AC lines.

 Line losses in a DC line are lower than the

losses in an AC lines.
 The disadvantages of HVDC are in conversion,
switching, control, availability and maintenance.

 There is nothing like DC transformer which can

change the voltage level in a simple way. Voltage
transformation has to be provided on the AC sides of
the system.

 The required converter stations are expensive and have

limited overload capacity.
APPLICATIONS OF HVDC TRANSMISSION IN
INDIA
 Rihand-delhi and chandrapur-padghe were the first
:

long distance hvdc projects in India.

 In 1990 ,rihand-delhi (singrauli) thermal power complex

with a combined power generation of Several thousand
MW was put in to service. it covers over a distance of
814 km.

 The 1500 MW transmission chandrapur-padghe was

put in to service. it covers over distance of 736
km.
 Conclusion
Recent studies indicate that HVDC systems are very
reliable.
 Very large investments Eg. In China and India shows that
High Voltage Direct Current will very important in the
future, especially in big and new-industries countries.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY:
1.C.L.wadhwa ‘electrical power systems'-third edition

2. I.J.nagrath and d.p.khotari 'power system

engineering

3. S.S. vadhera 'power system analysis and stability

4. Soni gupta bhatnagar 'power system engineering

5. K.R.padiyar ‘hvdc power transmission systems'