The 1987 Constitution

Article XIV- Education, Science and

Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports

Prepared by: Ms. Kathrine Claire

Victorino
Why is it important to
understand the legal
bases of education?
 The importance of knowing the legal
bases of education
• It serves as our direction in terms of teaching and on how to address
and meeting our pupils.
• It informs the teachers about their rights, privileges, duties and
responsibilities as teachers in the industry of education.
• It guides the teachers on how to do things appropriately
that are related in education  and it promotes also their
limitations in the field of their profession so they can avoid
abusing their power inside the classroom.
 Education

Section 1
The state shall protect and promote
the right of all citizens to quality
education at all levels and shall take
appropriate steps to make such
education accessible to all.
Education
Section 2
The state shall:
1. Encourage non-formal , informal and
indigenous learning systems, as well as self-
learning, independent, and out of school
study programs particularly those that
respond to community needs.
 Education
Section 3
The state shall:
1. All educational institution shall include the
study of constitution as part of the curricula.
2. They shall
 inculcate patriotism and nationalism.
 respect of human rights.
 strengthen ethical and spiritual values.
 moral character and personal discipline.
 Education
Section 3
3. Religion shall be allowed to be taught to their children
onwards in public elementary and high schools.
Section 4
All revenues and assets of non-stock, non-profit
educational institutions used actually, directly and
exclusively for educational purpose shall be exempt for
taxes and duties.
 Education

Education

Section 5
The state shall take into account regional and sectored
needs and conditions and shall encourage local planning
in the development of educational policies and programs.
Language
Section 6
The national language of the Philippines is Filipino. As it
evolves, it shall be further developed and enriched on
the basis of existing Philippines and other language.
Section 7
Spanish and Arabic shall be promoted on a voluntary
and optional basis.
Language
Section 8
The constitution shall be promulgated in Filipino and
English and shall be translated into major regional
languages, Arabic and Spanish.
 Language

Section 9
The Congress shall establish a national
language commission composed of
representatives of various regions and
disciplines which shall undertake,
coordinate, and promote researches for
the development, propagation, and
preservation of Filipino and other
languages.
 Science and Technology
Section 10
Science and Technology are essential for
national development and progress. They
shall give priority to it. 
Section 11
The congress may provide for incentives,
including tax deductions, to encourage private
participation in programs of basic applied
scientific research.
Science and Technology
Section 12
The State shall regulate the transfer and promote the adaptation of
technology from all sources for the national benefit. It shall encourage
the widest participation of private groups, local governments, and
community based organizations in the generation and utilization of
science and technology.
Section 13
The State shall protect and secure the exclusive rights of scientists,
inventors, artists, and other gifted citizens to their intellectual
property and creations, particularly when beneficial to the people, for
such period as may be provided by law.
Arts and Culture
Section 14
The state shall foster the preservation, enrichment,
and dynamic evolution of the Filipino national
culture base on the principles of unity in diversity in
a climate of free artistic and intellectual expression.
Section 15 
Arts and letters shall enjoy the patronage of the
state. The state shall conserve , promote and
popularize the nation’s historical and cultural
heritage and resources, as well as artistic creation.
 Sports
Section 19
(1) The state shall promote physical
education and encourage sports
programs.
(2) All educational institutions shall
undertake regular sports activities
throughout the country in cooperation
with athletic clubs and other sectors.
 Magna Carta For
Public School Teachers
Republic Act No. 4670
 What is Magna Carta?

Republic Act No. 4670 otherwise known as “The Magna

Carta for Public School Teachers” was passed into law in
view of providing professional rights and safeguards to
our public school teachers in consideration of the
exigency and level of difficulty of the exercise of their
profession.
 Coverage

This act shall be known as the “Magna Carta for Public

School teachers” and shall apply to all public school
teachers except those in the professional staff of state
colleges and universities.
 Provisions of Magna Carta

• promote and improve the social and economic status

of public school teachers
• terms of employment and career prospects in order
that they may compare favorably with existing
opportunities in other walks of life
• attract and retain in the teaching profession more
people with the proper qualifications
Recruitment and Career
The minimum educational qualifications
a) for teachers in the kindergarten and elementary
grades, Bachelor's degree in Elementary Education
(B.S.E.ED.);
b) for teachers of the secondary schools, Bachelor's
degree in Education or its equivalent with a major
and a minor; or a Bachelor's degree in Arts or
Science with at least (18) eighteen professional units
in Education.
 Recruitment and Career

c) For teachers of secondary vocational and two

years technical courses, Bachelor's degree in the
field of specialization with at least eighteen
professional units in education;
d) For teachers of courses on the collegiate level,
other than vocational, master's degree with a
specific area of specialization.
 Hours of Work and Remuneration
Section13.
Teaching Hours: Teachers shall not be required to render
more than six hours of actual classroom teaching a day
Section14.
Any teacher may be required to render more than 6
hours but not exceeding 8 hours of actual classroom
teaching shall be paid an additional compensation at the
same rate as his/her regular remuneration plus at least
twenty-five per cent of his/her basic pay
 Hours of Work and Remuneration
Section 15
Criteria for Salaries
(a) compare favorably with those paid in other
occupations requiring equivalent of similar
qualifications, training and abilities.
(b) insure teachers a reasonable standard of life for
themselves and their families
(c) general salary scale shall be such that the relation
between the lowest and highest salaries paid in the
profession will be of reasonable order
 Allowance

Section 1 Teachers should be entitled to

A. Cost of living allowance
B. Special hardship allowance
 transport inaccessibility
 difficulty situation
 Multi-grade teachers
 Mobile teachers
 Non-formal education or ALS Coordinators
 Health Measures and Injury Benefits

Section 22 MEDICAL EXAMINATION AND

TREATMENT
Compulsory medical examination shall be provided free
of charge for all teachers before they take up teaching,
and shall be repeated not less than once a year during
the teacher's professional life
 Health Measures and Injury Benefits
Section 22 MEDICAL EXAMINATION AND
TREATMENT
A teacher who is sick is entitled to an indefinite sick leave
of absence, but he should submit in addition to C.S. Form
Np. 41, C.S. Form 55 stating the approximate maximum
number of days he expects to be on leave, subject to
change as the government physician may recommend.
 Health Measures and Injury Benefits
Section 23 COMPENSATION FOR
INJURIES
Teachers shall be protected against the
consequences of employment injuries in
accordance with existing laws. The effects
of the physical and nervous strain on the
teacher's health shall be recognized as a
compensable occupational disease in
accordance with existing laws.
 Leave and Retirement Benefits
Section 24 STUDY LEAVE
• In addition to the leave privileges now enjoyed by
teachers in the public schools, they shall be entitled to
study leave not exceeding one school year after seven
years of service.
• During the period of such leave, the teachers shall be
entitled to at least sixty per cent of their monthly salary.
• The teacher can take more than one year of study leave if
he needs an additional semester to finish his thesis.
(without compensation)
Conditions: regular study load, passes at least 75% of the
course.
Leave and Retirement Benefits
Leave privileges
Leave Of Absence
• 15 days vacation leave
• 15 days sick leave (to be charged against
service credits)

For teachers who enjoy 2 months summer

vacation, this doesn’t apply.
 Leave and Retirement Benefits
LEAVE PRIVILEGES
Expanded Maternity Leave Law of 2019
• 105 days of paid leave for a married
woman who gives birth
• 120 days of paid leave for a single or
unmarried woman who gives birth
• 60 days of paid leave for a married or
single woman who undergoes
miscarriage or emergency termination of
pregnancy
 Leave and Retirement Benefits
LEAVE PRIVILEGES
Expanded Maternity Leave Law of 2019
• Additional 30 days of unpaid leave is offered as an option if you like to
extend your maternity leave
• Up to 7 days of paid leave (taken from your 105 or 120 days) can be
allocated to the father of your child, whether you’re married to him or
not, so he can help you care for your baby.
• In case the father is not available, a relative within the 4th degree of
consanguinity or the current partner sharing the same household with
the mother can be chosen as alternate caregiver.
Signed by President Duterte last February 20, 2019
 Leave and Retirement Benefits

LEAVE PRIVILEGES
Parental Leave (for solo
parents)
• 7 working days
• Has rendered at least one
year of service.
Leave and Retirement Benefits
Leave privileges
Paternity Leave
• Married teacher is
entitled for 7 days leave.
• Applicable on the birth of
first four children of legal
wife.
 Leave and Retirement Benefits
Other privileges
• Funeral or Mourning leave (nearest relatives)
• Graduation leave for spouse or children
• Enrolment leave
• Wedding anniversary leave
• Birthday leave
• Hospitalization leave
• Relocation leave
• Government transaction leave
• Calamity leave
 Leave and Retirement Benefits

Other benefits
• Provident fund
• Benefits from GSIS, Phil Health and Pag-Ibig Fund
Leave and Retirement Benefits

Section 25 indefinite leave

An indefinite sick leave of absence
shall be granted to teachers when
the nature of the illness demands a
long treatment that will exceed one
year at the least.
 Leave and Retirement Benefits

Section 26 SALARY INCREASE UPON

RETIREMENT
Public school teachers having fulfilled the age and service
requirements of the applicable retirement laws shall be
given one range salary raise upon retirement, which shall
be the basis of the computation of the lump sum of the
retirement pay and the monthly benefits thereafter.
 Teachers Organization

Section 27 FREEDOM TO ORGANIZE

Public school teachers shall have the right to freely and
without previous authorization both to establish and to
join organizations of their choosing, whether local or
national to further and defend their interests.
 Teachers Organization
Section 28 DISCRIMINATION AGAINST
TEACHERS PROHIBITED
The rights established shall be exercised without any
interference or coercion. It shall be unlawful for any person
to commit any acts of discrimination against teachers
which are calculated to:
(a) make the employment of a teacher subject to the
condition that he shall not join an organization, or shall
relinquish membership in an organization,
 Teachers Organization
Section 28 DISCRIMINATION AGAINST
TEACHERS PROHIBITED
(b) to cause the dismissal of or otherwise prejudice a
teacher by reason of his membership in an organization or
because of participation in organization activities outside
school hours, or with the consent of the proper school
authorities, within school hours; and,
 Teachers Organization

Section 28 DISCRIMINATION AGAINST

TEACHERS PROHIBITED
(c) to prevent him from carrying out the duties laid upon
him by his position in the organization, or to penalize him
for an action undertaken in that capacity.
 Teachers Organization

Section 29 NATIONAL TEACHER’S

ORGANIZATION
National teachers' organizations shall be consulted in the
formulation of national educational policies and
professional standards, and in the formulation of national
policies governing the social security of the teachers.
 Administration and Enforcement
Section 30 Rules and regulations
The Secretary of Education shall formulate and
prepare the necessary rules and regulations to
implement the provisions of this Act. Rules and
regulations issued pursuant to this Section shall
take effect thirty days after publication in a
Leonor M. Briones
newspaper of general circulation and by such Secretary of
other means as the Secretary of Education Department of
deems reasonably sufficient to give interested Education
parties general notice of such issuance.
Administration and Enforcement
Section 31 budgetary estimates
The Secretary of Education shall submit
to Congress annually the necessary
budgetary estimates to implement the
provisions of the Act concerning the
benefits herein granted to public school
teachers under the employ of the
National Government.
 Administration and Enforcement
Section 32 Penal provision
A person who shall willfully interfere with,
restrain or coerce any teacher or who shall in
any other manner commit any act to defeat
any of the provisions of this Act shall, upon
conviction, be punished by a fine of not less
than one hundred pesos nor more than one
thousand pesos, or by imprisonment, in the
discretion of the court.
 REFERENCE

Busto, A. (2012) Licensure Examination For Teachers Reviewer

With Magna Carta for Public School Teachers R.A. 4670. Manila:
A.V.B. Printing Press

Bilbao, P., Corpuz, B., Llagas, A. & Salandanan, G. (2015) The

Teaching Profession. Quezon City: Lorimar Publish, Inc.