NETWORK

ENGINEERING

LTE Handover Feature

1 © Nokia 2016
 Introduction
Technical Description Table of contents
Intra-frequency Handover

HOSR optimization actions

2 © Nokia 2016
3 © Nokia 2016
 Objectives

• Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

- Describe the type of handover in LTE
- Describe the feature and parameters for intra-frequency
handover
- Describe the feature and parameters for inter-frequency
handover
- Describe the feature and parameters for inter-RAT handover
- List relevant counters for handover

4 © Nokia 2016
 Contents

1.Technical Description
2.Intra-frequency Handover
3.HOSR optimization actions

5 © Nokia 2016
Mobility Management Overview

Mobility Management

Idle State Connected State

Cell Reselection Handover Redirection

Intra- Inter- Inter-RAT

frequency frequency
6 © Nokia 2016
Redirection Introduction

• Redirection is the substitute solution for

handover ,used in the following scenario:
- UE or network doesn’t support handover
- There is no neighbor relation
• When redirection is triggered, eNodeB sends the UE
an “RRC Connection Release” message which
contains information about a neighboring frequency
in the LTE system or in another RAT system.

7 © Nokia 2016
Handover Procedure & Entities

UE Capability UE Measurement

UE Capability Handling

Gap pattern control

Xxx Based Trigger Measurement Handling
MRO

Blind
Handover Neighbor Cell
Candidate Cell Filter Handover Decision Management

eNodeB
Handover
Handover Execution Entities

8 © Nokia 2016
Handover Trigger Scenarios
Handover Type Measurement Trigger
Intra-frequency The measurement configuration is performed when the UE
establishes a radio bearer. The UE performs intra-
frequency measurements by default.
Coverage Inter-frequency The eNodeB delivers the measurement configuration to
based Inter-RAT the UE when the signal quality in the serving cell is lower
than the associated threshold.
Load Inter-frequency The measurements are triggered by the Mobility Load
based Inter-RAT Balancing (MLB) algorithm.
Frequenc Inter-frequency The measurements are triggered by A1 event
y-priority-
based
Service Inter-RAT The eNodeB triggers the measurements after it finds that
based Inter-frequency only the voice service is running on the UE.
UL Inter-RAT The eNodeB triggers the measurement after it detects UL
service Inter-frequency power insufficient at the UE
quality
Based
Distance Inter – The measurements are triggered by distance if it is more
based frequency than the specific threshold
Inter -RAT
9 © Nokia 2016
Measurement Control Information

RRC Reconfiguration Message

• eNodeB should deliver all the

measurement control parameters to
UE via RRC reconfiguration, including
measurement object, report
configuration, measurement ID and
filter configuration .
10 © Nokia 2016 • Besides, for inter-frequency/inter-RAT
Measurement Object – Frequency

Parameters Description
DlEarfcn Indicates the DL EARFCN of the inter-frequency
E-UTRAN cell
MeasBandWid Indicates the measurement bandwidth for
th inter/intra-frequency neighboring cells
QoffsetFreq Indicates the frequency offset of the inter-
frequency neighboring cell
neighCellConfi Indicate whether all the neighbor have the
g same configuration or not
PresenceAnte Indicates whether all of the inter-frequency
nnaPort1 neighboring cells are configured with the
double-TX antenna.
High priority If we configure some specific neighbors as high
neighbor cell measurement priority, then eNodeB will deliver
list (Optional) these cells information as well .(New introduced
11 © Nokia 2016 in eRAN6.0)
Event Triggered Report

Events Threshold Action

A1 Signal quality in the serving cell is higher
than a specified threshold
A2 Signal quality in the serving cell is lower
than a specified threshold
A3 Signal quality in at least one intra-
frequency/inter-frequency neighboring cell
is higher than that in the serving cell
A4 Signal quality is higher than a specified
threshold in at least one inter-frequency
neighboring cell
A5 A2 + A4 (New events in eRAN3.0)
B1 Signal quality is higher than a specified
threshold in at least one inter-RAT
neighboring cell
B2 A2 + B1
The eNodeB stops inter-
frequency or inter-RAT
measurements.
The eNodeB starts inter-
frequency or inter-RAT
measurements
Source eNodeB sends an intra-
frequency/inter-frequency
handover request.
Source eNodeB sends an inter-
frequency handover request.
Source eNodeB sends an inter-
frequency handover request.
source eNodeB sends an inter-
RAT handover request.
source eNodeB sends an inter-
RAT handover request.

12 © Nokia 2016
Measurement Gap Configuration

13 © Nokia 2016
Measurement Filleting Operation

• A: Measurement value at the

physical layer
• B: Measurement value obtained after
L1 filtering.
• C :Measurement value obtained after
14 © Nokia 2016

L3 filtering.
eNodeB Neighbor Management

cdma2000 Intra-
frequency
neighbor
UMTS
Neighbor Inter-
Black
Cell Neighbor frequency
Management neighbor
Inter-RAT
LTE2.6G
neighbor
GSM
Neighbor
Black cell
LTE2.6G

LTE 800M

15 © Nokia 2016
 Contents

1.Technical Description
2.Intra-frequency Handover
3.Inter-frequency Handover
4.Inter-RAT Handover

16 © Nokia 2016
Intra-frequency Handover Procedure

Measurement Triggers eNodeB Makes Decision eNodeB Performs

(Coverage Based)
Measurement Configuration
message
Measurement RSRP/RSRQ
Event A3
Black cell list
If criteria is matched, UE sends
measurement report.
Handover
Event Triggered Periodical Admission Procedure
Reporting Signaling Procedure Execution
Intra-eNodeB cell has higher Retry Mechanism (attempt to
priority to reduce Inter- next target cell in
eNodeB signaling or data measurement report list)
forwarding.
Via S1 or X2

Measurement Decision Execution

Phase Phase Handover

17 © Nokia 2016
Intra-Frequency Measurement Trigger

• After UE attachment, eNodeB sends RRC

reconfiguration message which includes intra-
frequency measurement control info which assist
UE to perform intra-frequency measurement
It contains all the intra-
frequency measurement and
report configuration,
including A1(optional),
A2(optional) and
A3(mandatory) event.

Trace from eNodeB

18 © Nokia 2016
Element Introduction – Measurement Object

Optional part

19 © Nokia 2016
Element Introduction – Report Configuration

20 © Nokia 2016
 Element Introduction – Measurement ID

• Based on the object and report

configuration, eNodeB creates one or
more measurement ID linked with
object ID and report ID. And this ID
should be also included in the UE
21 © Nokia 2016
report, so eNodeB can differentiate
 Element Introduction – Filter Configuration

• This filtering is performed by RRC, smoothing

measurement to resist fast fading effect. A larger
value of this parameter indicates a stronger
smoothing effect and higher resistance to fast
fading, but it may weaken the tracing capability
towards varying signals

22 © Nokia 2016
Event A3 Measurement Report

• Intra-frequency handover is
triggered by event A3, which is
reported in event-triggered
periodical reporting mode.
- Enter condition: Mn + Ofn + Ocn – Hys >
23 © Nokia 2016
Ms + Ofs + Ocs + A3Off
Measurement Report

How to differentiate each

measurement report??

• In the measurement report, it shows

the ID to indicate the type of report
24 © Nokia 2016
Handover Decision – Filtering List

Obtain candidate list

Measurement
Report Decide target cell

• After receive measurement report, eNodeB

makes candidate list after filtering the
following
- Neighboring cells that have a different PLMN from
the serving cell if the inter-PLMN
- Neighboring cells with a handover prohibition flag

25 © Nokia 2016
Handover Decision – Target Decision

• After get candidate list, eNodeB will rank the list

with the following priority:
- The best RSRP/RSRQ neighbor cell
- Intra-eNodeB neighbor cell if reported result is the same
- Inter-eNdoeB neighbor cell with X2 interface if reported
result is the same.
• The eNodeB then sends a handover request to the
target cell at the top of the candidate cell list.If the
handover request fails, the eNodeB sends the
handover request to the next target cell.
26 © Nokia 2016
Handover Execution – S1/X2 Adaption

27 © Nokia 2016
Retry and Penalty

• If admission failure with target eNodeB, source eNodeB will

try the next target until it gets succeed feedback from it. If
all the target are failed for handover preparation, source
eNodeB will wait for the next UE report.
• The eNodeB imposes a penalty on a cell where a non-
resource-induced admission failure has occurred. In a
handover attempt, the eNodeB does not send a handover
request to such a cell. This increases the handover success
rate and reduces the number ofdropped calls caused by
handover failures.

28 © Nokia 2016
Measurement Report

• This command is used to modify the

parameters for measurement report

29 © Nokia 2016
A3 Event Parameters – Cell Offset

Evaluate
neighbor cell
measurement

Evaluate serving
cell measurement

30 © Nokia 2016
A3 Event Parameters – Service Based

31 © Nokia 2016
32 © Nokia 2016
33 © Nokia 2016
34 © Nokia 2016