MEDIA AND

INFORMATION
LANGUAGE
NORBERTO L. GESITE JR.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY TEACHER
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Media
Language
Media language are
CODES, CONVENTIONS,
FORMATS, SYMBOLS and
NARRATIVE STRUCTURES
that indicate the meaning
of media messages to an
audience.
CODE

 Codes are system of signs

that when put together
create meaning.
SEMIOTICS

 Studyof signs and its meaning. Signs include

words, gestures, images, sounds, and objects.
 According to Ferdinand de Saussure, a
founder of modern semiotics, sign consists of
two parts: the signifier (the form which the sign
takes) and the signified (the concept
represents).
What does a
red rose
represent?
What emotion
does the
emoji
represent?
This symbol
mean?
What does
the dove
signifies?
What does
the lion
represent?
 • SYMBOLIC CODES

TYPES OF CODE • WRITTEN CODES

• TECHNICAL CODES
SYMBOLIC CODE

 Showwhat is beneath the surface of

what we see (objects, setting, body
language, clothing, color, etc.) or iconic
symbols that easily understood
Wendy’s
Wendy’s
Tour de
France
Tour de
France
Pinterest
Vaio
Toyota
Toblerone
Toblerone
WRITTEN CODE

 Useof language style and textual layout

(headlines, captions, speech bubbles,
language style, etc.)
Headline
Captions
Bubble
Speech
TECHNICAL CODE

 Are ways in which equipment is used to

tell the story
 This includes sound, camera angles,
types of shots and lighting as well as
camera techniques, framing, depth of
field, lighting, exposure and
juxtaposition
 EXTREME LONG SHOT
LONG SHOT
MEDIUM LONG SHOT

Camera Shot FULL SHOT

MEDIUM CLOSE-UP SHOT
CLOSE-UP SHOT
EXTREME CLOSE-UP SHOT
Extreme Long Shot
Also called extreme wide shots such as a large crowd
scene or a view of scenery as far as the horizon
Long Shot
A view of a situation or setting from a distance
Medium Long Shot
Shows a group of people in interaction with each other, example:
fight scene with part of their surroundings in the picture
Full Shot
A view off a figure’s
entire body in order
to show action and/or
a constellation group
of character
Medium Close
Up Shot
Shows a subject
down to his/her
chest/waist
Close Up Shot
A full-screen shot of a
subject’s face showing the
finest nuances of
expression
Extreme
Close Up Shot
A shot of a hand,
eye, mouth, or any
object in detail
 ESTABLISHING SHOT
POINT-OF-VIEW SHOT
OVER-THE-SHOULDER SHOT

Point of View REACTION SHOT

INSERT SHOT
REVERSE-ANGLE SHOT
HAND-HELD CAMERA SHOT
Establishing
Shot
Often used at the
beginning of a scene to
indicate the location or
setting, it is usually a
long shot taken from a
neutral position
Point-of-View
Shot
Shows a scene from the
perspective of the character
or one person. Most
newsreel footages are shown
the perspective of the
newscaster
Over the
Shoulder Shot
Often used in dialogue scenes, a
frontal view of a dialogue partners
from the perspective of someone
standing behind and lightly to the
side of the other partner, sot heat
parts of both can seen
Reaction Shot
Short shot of a
character’s
response to an
action
Insert Shot
A detail shot which
quickly gives visual
information necessary
to understand the
meaning of a scene
Reverse Angle
Shot
A shot from the
opposite
perspective
Handheld
Camera Shot
The camera is not mounted
on a tripod and instead is
held by the cameraperson,
resulting in less stable shots
 AERIAL SHOT
HIGH-ANGLE SHOT
Camera Angle LOW-ANGLE SHOT
EYE-LEVEL SHOT
Aerial Shot
• Overhead shot
• Also called Bird’s Eye Shot
• Long or extreme long shot of
the ground from the air
High-Angle
Shot
Shows people or
objects from above
higher than eye level
Low-Angle
Shot
• Below shot
• Shows people or objects
from below, lower than
eye level
Eye-Level
Shot
• Straight-on Angle
• Views a subject from the
level of a person’s eye
 PAN SHOT
Camera TILT SHOT

Movement TRACKING SHOT

ZOOM IN / OUT
Pan Shot
The camera pans
(moves horizontally)
from left to right or
vice versa across the
picture
Tilt Shot
The camera tilts
up(moves upwards) or
tilts down(moves
downwards) around a
vertical line
Tracking Shot
The camera follows
along next to or behind a
moving object or person
Zoom
The stationary camera
approaches a subject by
“zooming in” or moving
farther away by “zooming
out”
 MESSAGE
AUDIENCE

Conventions PRODUCER
STAKEHOLDER
CONVENTIONS

 Refersto a standard or norm that acts

as a rule governing behavior.
 Are
generally established and accepted
ways of doing something.
MESSAGE

 Theinformation sent to a receiver from

a source.
AUDIENCE

 Thegroup of consumers for whom the

media message was constructed as well
as anyone else who is expose to the
message
PRODUCERS

 Peopleengaged in the process of

creating and putting together media
content to make a finished media
product.
STAKEHOLDERS

 Libraries,
archives, museums, internet
and other relevant information
providers.
References

 Mediaand Information Language by

Mark Jhon C. Oxillo
 Media and Information Languages (part
1) Genre, Codes and Conventions by Mr.
Arniel Ping (June 12, 2017), St.
Stephen’s High School, Manila,
Philippines