VIRUS

DEFINITION OF VIRUS

Viruses come from Greek "Venom" which means poison. Viruses are
parasites
microscopic which infects biological organisms. In general, viruses are
particles are composed of genetic elements (genomes) that contain one
acid
nucleates namely deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA)
which can
are in two different conditions, namely intracellularly in the host's body
and extracellular outside the host's body.
SHAPE OF VIRUS

The form of the virus varies in size, shape and chemical composition.
Form of virus
some are round, oval, elongated, silindariis, and some are T-shaped.
CLASSIFICATION OF VIRUS

Virus Classification
The family name is marked by the end of viridae. The subfamily name is given the virinae suffix
The name suffix of the genus is given a virus suffix. Lwoff, Horne & Tournier are experts in
virus taxonomy, based on criteria
1. Double / single chain nucleic (DNA / RNA) acids
2. Size & morphology of the capsid symmetry type
3. The presence of specific enzymes, especially RNA & DNA polymerases that are important for replication
genome
4. Sensitivity to chemicals & physical state
5. How to spread naturally
6. Symptoms that arise
7. The presence or absence of a veil
8. The capsomeric effect for icosohedarial / nucleocapsid diameter for viruses
helicoidal
At present more than 61 families of viruses have been identified, 21 of them have
members who are able to attack mns & animals.
According to RNA, the virus family is divided into:
1. Picontohrnaviridae 8. Rhabdoviridae
2. Caliciviridae 9. Filoviridae
3. Togaviridae 10. Paramyxoviridae
4. Flaviviridae 11. Orthomyxoviridae
5. Bunyaviridae 12. Reoviridae
6. Arenaviridae 13. Retroviridae
According to DNA, the virus family is divided into:
1. Adenoviridae 4. Papovaviridae
2. Herpesviridae 5. Parvoviridae
3. Hepadnaviridae 6. Poxviridae
Besides that, there is a group of unclassified viruses because of this
not yet known the biological nature.
THE ROLE OF VIRUS

The role of viruses

In life, viruses have two roles, namely the role of viruses as microorganisms
which is beneficial, or harmful.
Beneficial viruses: Viruses play an important role in the field of genetic engineering
because it can be used to clone genes (reproducing genetically DNA)
identical). An example is a virus that carries genes to control
insect growth. Viruses are also used to treat human genes so that
expected genetic diseases, such as diabetes and cancer can be cured.
Adverse viruses: Viruses that can cause harm due to various
types of diseases in humans, animals and plants