AIR POLLUTION

AND ITS TREATMENT

What is Pollution?

Pollution is define as The presence of impurities of

pollutant substances in sufficient concentration levels,
Causing harmful effects on human beings & plant life or
material resources. When exposed for a sufficient duration
of time, thus reducing the quality of life in the
environment.

What is air?

Air is a precious resource that most of us take for granted. Air Supplies us with oxygen,
Which is essential for Our bodies to live without it, we would die within minute.
 What is Air Pollution?

Air pollution may be define as the presence. One or more contaminants or

Combinations Interferes with the comfortable enjoyment of life or property or
conduct of business.

TYPES OF AIR POLLUTION

Indoor Air pollution Outdoor Air pollution

It's more dangerous than the outdoor
pollution, because we do everything in
enclosed environments where air
Circulation may be restricted. The indoor
are pollution are tobacco smoke, cooking
and heating appliances and vapors from
building materials .
Outdoor air pollution is pollution outside a
house, buildings etc. The outdoor Sources of
air pollution like cars , factories etc.
(i) Primarily Air Pollutants :
(ii) Secondary Air Pollutants:
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION

Indoor Air Pollution the amount of contaminants in the

air inside a building from sources such as cigarette
smoking, fuel combustion for heating or cooking, certain
wallboards, carpets, or insulation as well as the geology
of the area (radon in soil or rocks beneath the structure .

Although pollutant concentrations vary significantly from building to building, the levels of some common air pollutants often
are greater (2-5 times) indoors than outdoors. Since most people spend more time indoors than outdoors.
SOURCES OF INDOOR AIR
POLLUTION
Tobacco Smoke

Tobacco smoking is the practice of smoking tobacco and

inhaling tobacco smoke. A broader definition may
include simply taking tobacco smoke into the mouth,
and then releasing it, as is done by some with tobacco
pipes and cigars

Household air pollution from cooking,

heating and lighting

Around 3 billion of the world’s poorest people still rely

on solid fuels. These household energy practices emit
large quantities of health-damaging particulate matter
and climate warming pollutants
Household cleaning chemicals, paints and
solvents

These products contain  volatile organic compounds

 (VOCs) that can trigger sick building syndrome such
as headaches, skin and throat irritation when people
are exposed to them on a regular basis.

Synthetic fragrances, perfumes and

deodorizers

Substances used in fragrances, perfumes and deodorizers

are largely unregulated and are not monitored by the
government.
OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION
Outdoor air pollution is a complex mixture of several pollutants

AIR PULLUTANTS

Nitrogen Dioxide (N02)

Nitrogen dioxide is a highly reactive
gas formed by emissions from motor
vehicles, industry, unflued gas heaters
and gas stove tops.

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an

odourless, Colourless gas which forms
when the carbon in fuels doesn’t completely
burn
Sulfur Dioxide (S02)

Sulfur dioxide is highly reactive gas with a pungent

irritating smell. It is formed by fossil fuel combustion at
power plants and other industrial facilities.

Particulate matter

PM, is a term that describes extremely

small solid particles and liquid
droplets suspended in air.
CONSEQUENCES OF AIR POLLUTION

SMOG

Smog is a yellowish or blackish fog formed

mainly by a mixture of pollutants in the
atmosphere which consists of fine particles
and ground-level ozone.
ACID RAIN

Acid rain is one of the consequences of air pollution. It

occurs when emissions from factories contact with the
water in the atmosphere.
These emissions contain nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and
sulfur trioxide, which when mixed with water become
sulfurous acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid.

ACID RAIN EFFECTS

The resulting acids are precipitated to earth as rain or

snow with very negative consequences
causes corrosion of metallic elements -buildings,
bridges, towers and other structures
OZONE LAYER

What is the ozone layer?

The Ozone is a molecule composed of three

atoms of oxygen.
protects us from solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation
alongside water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane
and nitrous oxide.

What is the ozone layer depletion?

the emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere have massively increased,

partially destroying this protection layer and driving to the ozone layer depletion,
commonly known as “the ozone hole”.
SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION
1)Manmade source
2)Natural source

MAN MADE

♦Mobile sources
•Motorcycles
•Cars
•Buses
•Trucks
•Aircrafts
•Locomotives
•Marine vessels
•Snowmobiles
 ♦Stationary sources

a) point source

•boiler
•spray booth
•degreasers

b) area source

•lighter
•hair spray

NATURAL RESOURCE

•dust
•windblown
•wild fires
•volcano
 CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION

Fossil fuel Vehicle emissions

nitrogen oxide gas Nitrogen oxide, Corbonmono-oxide

Industry waste

Nitrious oxide ,hydro-flouro carbons

Deforestation Wood fire

Natural processes

Volcanoes > Radon

 EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH

Lungs cancer

Chemicals of furniture

Shorten life spam

Clean city people have more life than

metro cities

Ischemic stroke

Arteries of brain are blocked

Cardiovascular problems

Nitrogen-oxide
Corbonmono-oxide

Chronic kidney diseases

Diabetes
Blood pressure

Kidney fail
AIR POLLUTION SOLUTIONS
Some basic solutions for air pollution are as follows

RENEWABLE FUEL AND CLEAN

ENERGY PRODUCTION

Move away from fossil fuels.

Replacing with alternative energies.
ECO –FRIENDLY TRANSPORTATION

Shifting to electric vehicles

GREEN BUILDING

From planning to. demolition, Green building

aims to create environmentally responsible
and resource efficient structure to reduce their
carbon foot- print
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES

•Such as solar energy, hydroelectric

energy and wind energy.
•Introduces to generate energy in forms
house hold purpose.

SAVING ENERGY

Switch off the light, fans, air conditions

television and other appliances.
MINIMIZE AIR POLLUTION

• Minimize smoke emission

• Minimize burning of wastes
• Recyclable material.
• Smart purchasing.

Recyclable material
 CONCLUSION
Air pollution is often the most obvious and widespread type of
pollution. Health effects of this pollution include respiratory
diseases, birth defects, heart attack, cancers, and developmental
disabilities in children. Environmental impact includes destruction
of stratospheric ozone, poisoning of forests and water by acid rain,
and corrosion of building materials. We have made encouraging
process in controlling air pollution that has economics benefits as
well as health benefits