Fundamentals of management for lawyers

scientific management and its

Topic :
characteristics

PRESENTED PRESENTED
TO DEEPAK
Dr. : BY
VED:
JAISWAL
PROFESSOR PRAKASH
BBA LL.B 1 ST

SEMESTER (2019-
2024)
ENROLLMENT NO. :
A46021519024
 INTRODUCTION

In the words of Fredrick Winslow Taylor , scientific management means knowing exactly what you want

men to do and seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way .


In this scenario , Taylor emerged as the ‘Father of Scientific Management’. He proposed scientific

management as opposed to rule of thumb. He broke up human activity into small parts and found out

how it could be done effectively , in less time and with increased productivity.

Scientific management implies conducting business activities according to standardized tools, methods

and trained personnel in order to increase the output , improve its quality and reduce costs and

wastes.
Taylor thought that by scientifically analyzing work , it would be possible to find ‘one best way’ to
do it . He is most remembered for his time and motion studies . He would break a job into its
component parts and measure each to the second .

He also believed that contemporary management was amateurish and should be studied as a
discipline . He also wanted that workers should cooperate with the management and thus there would
be no need of trade unions . The best results would come from the partnership between a trained
and qualified management and a cooperative and innovative workforce . Each side needed the other .

. In this theory Taylor also said that there was a need to follow an approach that was based on
the method of science defining a problem , developing alternative solutions anticipating consequences ,
measuring progress and drawing conclusions .
 Principles of scientific management
 Science not rule of thumb : Taylor believed that only one best method to maximize efficiency. The method developed
should substitute ‘Rule of Thumb’ throughout the organization. Scientific method involved investigation of traditional
methods ,unifying the best practices and developing a standard method ,which would be followed throughout the
organization .

 Harmony , Not Discord : There should be complete harmony between the management and the workers . Both Should
realize that each one is important . Management should share the gains of the company with the workers . At the same
time workers should work hard and willing to embrace change for the good of the company .
 Cooperation , Not Individualism : There should be complete
cooperation between the labour and the management instead of
individualism . All the day long the management should work
almost side by side with the workers helping , encouraging and
smoothing the way for them .

 Development of Each and Every Person to His or Her Greatest

Efficiency and Prosperity : Industrial efficiency depends to a large
extent on personnel competencies . So , each person should be
scientifically selected . To increase efficiency , they should be
given the required training . Then the efficient employees would
produce and earn more .
Techniques of scientific management
Functional foremanship :

Standardization and simplification of work : Standardization means setting standards for business activity
which must be adhered to during production . Simplification aims at eliminating unnecessary diversity of
products . It results in saving of costs of labour , machines and tools while standardization implies devising new
varieties instead of the existing ones .
Method study : The objective of method study is to find out one best way of doing the job
. Taylor devised the concept of assembly line by using method study .

Motion study : Motion study refers to the study of movements like lifting , putting objects
etc., Unnecessary movements are sought to be eliminated so that it takes less time to
complete the job efficiently .

Time study : It determines the standard time taken to perform a well- defined job .

Fatigue study : It seeks to determine the amount and frequency of rest intervals in
completing a task .

Differential piece wage system : In this different rate of wage payment was introduced for
those who performed above standard and for those who performed below the standard .
 Characteristics :-
 systematic Approach : scientific management ensures that all activities are completed
in a systematic and scientific manner.

 Gives due weightage to specialisation : It involves dividing each work into various
small parts, each being allotted to the person who is an expert in it as it was there in
the functional foremanship. This results in better and more work being performed in
much less time.
Requires strict observance of rules : It requires strict observance of rules, because the rules are
formed only after due analysis and there is very little chance of error in them.

Improves the Efficiency of Workers : It improves the efficiency of workers as many studies and are
being conducted or done such as time study, motion study and fatigue study and that makes
scientific management almost a tool for the enhancement of worker’s efficiency whose ultimate
benefit goes to the organization.

Attempts to minimize waste : Scientific management aims at minimizing waste of time,

materials, machines, etc. through simplification technique.

Brings complete mental change : It leads to mental revolution on both the management and
workers as both starts feeling that each one is important and attitude changes from competition
to cooperation .
 References

1. www.yourarticlelibrary.com
2. R. K. singla, VK publications
3. www.businessmanagementideas.com
4. www.managementstudyguide.com