HUMAN RIGHTS OF

CHILDREN – INTERNATIONAL
& NATIONAL STANDARDS

NAME
MSC CS II
 INTRODUCTION

 Children's rights are a subset of human rights with attention to

the rights of special protection and care afforded to minors.

 The 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) defines

a child as “any human being below the age of eighteen years,
unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained
earlier”.
 CLASSIFICATION
 Children have two types of human rights under international human rights law.

 They have the same fundamental general human rights as adults, although some human
rights, such as the right to marry, are dormant until they are of age.

 Secondly, they have special human rights that are necessary to protect them during their
minority.

 General rights operative in childhood include the right to security of the person, to freedom
from inhuman, cruel, or degrading treatment, and the right to special protection during
childhood.
 United Nations Educational guidelines
for children
 Provision: Children have the right to an adequate standard of living, health
care, education and services, and to play and recreation. These include a balanced diet,
a warm bed to sleep in, and access to schooling.

 Protection: Children have the right to protection from abuse, neglect, exploitation and

discrimination. This includes the right to safe places for children to play; constructive
child rearing behavior, and acknowledgment of the evolving capacities of children.

 Participation: Children have the right to participate in communities and

have programs and services for themselves. This includes children's involvement in
libraries and community programs, youth voice activities, and involving children as
decision-makers.
 Child Rights International

Network (CRIN)
The Child Rights International Network (CRIN) categorizes rights into two groups:
 Economic, social and cultural rights, related to the conditions necessary to meet
basic human needs such as food, shelter, education, health care, and gainful
employment. Included are rights to education, adequate housing, food, water, the
highest attainable standard of health, the right to work and rights at work, as well as
the cultural rights of minorities and indigenous peoples.
 Environmental, cultural and developmental rights, which are sometimes called
"third generation rights," and including the right to live in safe and healthy
environments and that groups of people have the right to cultural, political, and
economic development.
 Child Rights in World
 In 1945, the United Nations Organization replaced the League of Nations . In
1946, the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations recommended that
the Geneva Declaration be reaffirmed as a sign of commitment to the cause of
children.

 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the United Nations
General Assembly in 1948.

 The United Nations General Assembly adopted the Declaration of the Rights of
the Child on 20 November 1959 which was expansion of Geneva Declaration
from five principles to ten basic principles
UN Declaration of the Rights of the Child
 Non-discrimination.
 Special protection, opportunities and facilities to develop
physically, mentally, morally, spiritually and socially in a healthy
and normal manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity.
 The right to a name and nationality.
 The right to social security, adequate nutrition, housing, recreation
and medical services.
 The differently-abled child to be given special treatment education
and care.
 UN Declaration of the Rights of the Child
 The need for love and understanding so that the child grows in the care and
responsibility of his/her parents, and in an atmosphere of affection and moral
and material security.
 Entitlement to education, which should be free and compulsory, at least in the
elementary stages.
 The child should be among the first to receive protection and relief in all
circumstances.
 Protection against all forms of neglect, cruelty and exploitation, including that
associated with employment.
 Protection from practices that may foster racial, religious and other forms of
discrimination.
 Child Rights in India 
 The Constitution of India recognizes the vulnerable position of children and
their right to protection.

 Article 15 in the Constitution guarantees special attention to children through

necessary and special laws and policies that safeguard their rights.

 The Right to equality, protection of life and personal liberty and the right
against exploitation are enshrined in Articles 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 23 and 24.
 Schemes Developed
 Integrated child development Scheme (ICDS)
 Rajiv Gandhi National Creche Scheme
 Nutrition Component of Prime Minister Gramodya Yojana
 Nutrition Programme for Adolescent Girls
 Reproductive and Child Health Programme
 Pulse Polio Immunization Programme
 Protection
 Handling by special juvenile police
 Handcuffing of juvenile/child prohibited.
 Police should not be in uniform
 Child / juvenile cannot be kept in jail or lock-up
 No death penalty or life imprisonment
 Proceeding are informal, participatory and private.
 Deletion of record of juvenile after 7 years
 Parents to be involved in juvenile processes
 Right to free legal aid
 No joint trial of a juvenile with an adult
 Information about a juvenile cannot be released to media.
THANK YOU!!!