KANT'S DUTY ETH-WPS Office

KANT'S DUTY ETHICS
• What makes the will good? The will is good when it

acts out of duty, not out of inclination.
• What does it mean to act out of inclination?
• What does it mean to act out of duty?
• How do we do that?
• How do we know that?

CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE
Act only on those maxims (or rules
of action)
that you could at the same time will
to be a universal law.
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1 Before you act, consider
the maxim or principle on
which you are acting.
2 Generalize that
principle.
PERFORM TEST ONE.
If, once generalized, it no
3 longer makes any sense
because it contradicts itself,
then it is wrong to use that
maxim as a basis for action.
IF NECESSARY PERFORM TEST
4 TWO (aka Reversibility)
If the generalized version makes
sense, then ask whether you
would choose to live in a world
where it was followed by
everyone. If not, do not act on
Kant's example of a false
promise (Using Test One)
Maxim: I may make a false

promise in order to reap
financial gain.
Generalized: Anyone may make a
false promise to get something
s/he wants.
Result: I may not act on
that maxim.
Kant's example of the Bad
Samaritan (Using Tests One
and Two)
Maxim: I may refuse to help
another person in distress who
cannot pay me even though I could
do so at little cost to myself.
Generalized: Anyone may refuse to
help another person in distress who
cannot pay her even though it would
cost her little to help.
Result: You cannot act on the "Bad

Samaritan" maxim.
General Template For Maxim:
"I ought to (insert action) ___________ in order

to (insert, motivation/goal/context)
________________."
"I ought to rob from the rich in order
to give to the poor."
"I ought not to rob from the rich in
order to give to the poor."
"I ought to not to cheat on the test in
order to get a good grade."
"I ought to cheat on the test in order
to get a good grade."
IF NECESSARY PERFORM TEST
TWO (aka Reversibility)
If the generalized version makes
sense, then ask whether you would
choose to live in a world where it
was followed by everyone. If not,
do not act on that maxim.
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KANT'S DUTY ETHICS

• What makes the will good? The will is good when it

• What does it mean to act out of inclination?

• What does it mean to act out of duty?

• How do we know that?

Maxim: I may make a false

Result: You cannot act on the "Bad

"I ought to (insert action) ___________ in order

Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci

Lorem ut libero malesuada feugiat.

Lorem ut libero malesuada feugiat.

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Vestibulum ante ipsum Vestibulum ante ipsum Vestibulum ante ipsum

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