Chapter 4: Leadership Training

Learning Objectives:

The learners are expected to:

1.Describe Transformational Leadership;

2.Identify the characteristics of a leader; and
3.Express commitment to teamwork.
HUMAN BEHAVIOR

-Is the “capacity of mental, physical, emotional, and social activities

experienced during the five stages of a human being’s life – prenatal, infancy,
childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. It includes the behaviors as dictated
by culture, society, values, morals, ethics, and genetics.”

- states that human beings have a typical life course that consist of
successive phases of growth, each of which is characterized by a distinct set
of physical, physiological and behavioral features.
-These phases are:
- Prenatal life
- infancy
- Childhood
- Adolescence
- adulthood
Motivation:

- Encompasses the internal and external factors that stimulate desire and
energy in people to be continually interested in and committed to a job, role or
subject, and to exert persistent efforts in attaining a goal.

-It results from the interaction among conscious and unconscious factors such
as the:
-Intensity of desire or need
-Incentive or reward value of the goal
-Expectations of the individual and his significance to others.

-The drive and ambition needed to achieve the goals

-Need for an extra push at some stages of life
Good Leadership

-Pertains to the qualities exemplified by a leader.

-Acts of leading or the “process of social influence in which one person can enlist
the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of the common tasks.

-Characteristics of a Good Leader

1.Vision – know where they want to go; can motivate people to belive in their
vision
2.Wit – sound judgments and decisions during critical situations
3.Passion – intensely obsessed in whatever they are focused on
4.Compassion – for their supporters and followers; have exemplary coaching
and development skills. They have heart for others.
5.Charisma – captivating, charming who tend to draw people toward them;
because maybe the way they talk or carry themselves.
6.Communication skills – great orators and persuaders
7.Persistence – determined to attain their goals in spite of obstacles and
problems
8.Integrity – they walk their talk, practice what they preach, keep their
promises, reliable
Characteristics of a Good Leader:

9.Daring – bold, willing to take the risks, determined to chase their dreams.
Winston Churchill states that courage is the virtue on which all other virtues rest.
10.Discipline – self control and order; stay focused and steady regardless of the
situation.
Traits of a Leader

1.Character
2.Charisma
3.Commitment
4.Communication
5.Competence
6. courage
Transformational Leadership

According to Bass:

when leaders broaden and elevate the interest of their employees, when
they generate awareness and acceptance of the purposes and mission of the
group, and when they stimulate their employees to look beyond their own self-
interest for the group of the group.
Transformational Leadership

has a clear collective vision, and most importantly, they manage to

communicate it effectively to all employees.

motivate employees to be more innovative.

can take personal risks and are not afraid to use unconventional (but
ethical) methods to achieve the collective vision.
Behaviors of Transformational Leader

1.Is articulate in creating compelling vision of the future.

2.Uses stories and symbols to communicate his vision and message.
3.Specifies the importance of having a strong sense of purpose and a collective
mission.
4.Talks optimistically and enthusiastically and expresses confidence that goals will
be achieved.
5.Engenders the trust and respect of his followers by doing the right thing.
6.Instills pride in employees.
7.Talks most about important values and beliefs
8.Considers the moral and ethical consequences of decisions.
9.Seeks different perspectives when solving problems
10.Encourage employees to challenge old assumptions and to think about
problems in new ways.
11.Spends time teaching and coaching
12.Considers each individual employees’ different needs, abilities and aspirations
13.Is compassionate, appreciative and responsive to each employee and
recognizes and celebrates each employees’ achievements.
Three (3) Types of Functions (Transformational Leadership)

1.Task functions - defining the tasks; making the plan; allocating, controlling;
checking the performance; adjusting the plan

2.Team functions – setting the standards with the group; enforcing discipline;
promoting team spirit; encouraging and motivating; developing sub-leaders;
communicating with the group; training

3.Individual functions - attending to personal problems; praising individuals;

enhancing confidence; giving status pride; training as a continuing process;
involving individuals in decision-making process
Seven Habits of Highly Effective People – by Stephen Covey (2007)

1.Be proactive – be able to take responsibility for your life; creativity and initiative;
you are the one in-charge.

2.Begin with the end in mind – envision your goal and make it happen;

3.Put first things first - know priorities

4.Think win-win – enter agreements and make solutions that are mutually beneficial
and satisfying to both parties.

5.Seek first to understand, then to be understood – “the best way to understand is

to listen” ; practice of empathy governs this habit.

6.Synergize – habit of creative cooperation; better results can be produced as a

group rather than as individuals

7.Sharpen the saw – need to update through various food-for-the brain

resources; sense of humor is vital in relieving tensions and
boredom as well as diffusing hostility; humor can even fosters
camaraderie
Teamwork

Working collaboratively with a group of people in order to achieve a

goal.

means that people try to cooperate by using their individual skills and
providing constructive feedback, despite any personal conflict between
individuals.

brings people together for a common purpose or goal; when groups

have common goals, teamwork is vital to success.
Time Management

art of arranging, organizing, scheduling, and budgeting one’s time for

the purpose of generating more effective work and productivity.

an important aspect of time management is planning ahead.

the first step in efficient time management is to organize the workspace.

Even if one’s schedule is well ordered but if the office and filing systems are
disaster, time will be wasted trying to work efficiently in a disorderly place.

every last detail should be written down; prioritizing activities on a scale

of one to three – can help with the task.

keeping a calendar or day planner is helpful to stay on task but self-

discipline is also required.

be organized but do not be a slave to time management.

Decision-making

is a process that involves selecting the most logical choice from among
two or more options. An e.g., is deciding whether to move to a new apartment,
to live with the in-laws, or stay in the same department.

the ability of making the correct decision within the short span of time is
a highly valued trait.

Types of Involvement in Decision-making

1. Consensus or agreement involves compromising various possibilities after

all opinions have been heard. Disagreements and minority viewpoints are
discussed fully. Everyone feels free to express himself. This method helps build
understanding, unity, cooperation and commitment.

2.Majority voting is considered the most effective way to make a decision.

3.Minority is not consciously organized, but a few powerful personalities
dominate the group, often unconsciously.
Decision-making

Types of Involvement in Decision-making

4.Silent Consensus leads to unanimous decisions. Unanimous agreement is

sometimes assumed when some members do not want to disagree and have
chosen to stay silent.

5.Clique is a small group whose members plan beforehand to get their way in
decision-making. Because they are better organized than those who disagree,
they are often successful in getting their own way in resolving an immediate
issue, but they bring a spirit of rivalry, rather than cooperation to the group.

6.Handclasp happens when one person makes a suggestion and another

commends it. Without further discussion, the matter is decided. Resentment,
however, surfaces later on.

7.The one-person decision is quickly made, but later when the decider
needs free or voluntary support from others to implement the
decision, he might find trouble getting it.
Decision-making

Types of Involvement in Decision-making

8.The Plop occurs when a group makes a decision by not making a decision at
all. Someone makes a suggestion, but it is dropped or junked altogether and no
one pays any attention to it.

Difficulties in Decision-making
1. Fear of consequences brings division and disagreement
2.Conflicting loyalties of one person as a member of different groups frequently
leads to divided loyalties.
3.Interpersonal conflicts and personal differences evoke various feelings among
members which interfere with sound decision-making.
4.Hidden agenda or secret motive
5.Blundering methods – substituting personal opinions for adequate information,
and disregarding proper consultation or consensus.
6.Inadequate leadership restricts the expression of opinions and discussion on
issues.
7.Clash of interest occurs when different groups or individuals within an
organization have opposing interests.