TUGAS BIOLOGI

DISUSUN OLEH :

Kurnia Sandi M (17.X-3)

Lisa Okta (18.X-3)
Maradewi Ayu K (19.X-3)
Millati Azka S (20.X-3)
M. Rifky (21.X-3)
Nisrin S (22.X-3)
Putri Ayu Hapsari (23.X-3)
Rahmadia Maudy P K (24.X-3)

SMA NEGERI 2 SEMARANG

KINGDOM PROTISTA
 Protistst
The characterities of Protistse :

1. Cell type : eukoriot organism

2. Body shape : unicelluair, coloni, multiceluller orgsm
3. Reproduce : asexual, reproduction, through by
mitotie division
sexual : beproduction through conjugation

If the surrounding enviromen is unsuitable, protists can

produce spore or eyst.
 The Protists Classification
1. Slim mold (Protists similar to fungi)
2. Protozoa (Protists similar to animal)
3. Alga (Protists similar to plant)

Slime mold → (Protists similar to fungi)

Characterities
Cell type : Having cells with flagella during
one periode of their life cycle.
slim mold clasification
- Phylum Myxomycceta
example : Physarum
- Phylum Acrasiomycceta
example : Dyctyostelium
- Phylum Onycota
example : Phyhoptora insfestan the cause of
potato blight
Protozoa
Protos : first
Zoom : animal

Habitat : fresh water, sea water, moistplaees

or live on animal orplant body as
parasit.

The Protozoa Classification

Protozoa can be classified into four phylum
based on their movement tods
 The Protozoa Classification
NO CLASSIFICATION MOVEMENT EXAMPLE
TOOLS
1. Kelas Rhizopoda Pseudopodia or Amoeba proteus
(Sarcodina) false feet Foraminifera
Radiolavia
2. Kelas Ciliata Having Cilia
(Infusoria)
3. Kelas Flagellata Have flagella or Zoot flagellates
(Masthigopora) whip hair Trypanosoma
Leishmonia
4. Kelas Sporozoa Without locomotion Plasmodium
(Apicom Plexan) tools
 A. Class Rhizopoda
The main characteristic is its movement
tools by pseudopodia or false feet

Genus Amoeba, example :

• Amoeba Proteus
• Entamoba histolytica
• Entamoba Gingivalis
Amoeba Proteus
Entamoba histolytica
Entamoba Gingivalis
Live style : 1. Fresh Water
1. (Free Organism)  Amoeba
Proteus
2. Saprophyte / Parasits  Lives in body
 E. Lustolytica
 E. Gingialis
• Reproduce = Binary Fission
 Genus Foraminifera

• Specific characteristic = Have skeleton

made of calsium carbonat.
• e.g : Allogromia (fresh water), Globigerina
(live in the sea).
• The soil layer Globigerina as a sign of
petroleum source and to decide the age
earth layer.
 Genus Radiolaria

Radiolaria have skeleton made of silica.

Useful for : - The formation of petroleum
- Rubbing tools
- Explosive materials
 B. Class Flagelata (Mastigophora)

They have flagella, or whip hair.

Class flagellata is classified into :
- Zooflagellata
- Phytoflagellata
a) Zooflagellata (without plastid)
e.g :- Trypanosoma Gambiense  The cause of sleepy
disease in Africa with vector of tse-tse fly.
- Trypanosoma Rhodosiense  The cause of
sleepy disease in Africa with vector tse-tse fly.
- T. Vaginalis  The cause of white mucus disease
in vagina.
- Leismania Donovani  The cause of kalazaar
disease.
b) Phytoflagellata (have plastid)
e.g :1. Euglena Viridis
2. Volvox Globalor
3. Life cycle of female anopheles mosquito
Euglena Viridis
Volvox Globator
Life cycle of female Anopheles mosquito
 The life cycle of plasmodium in
human body
1. Female Anopheles mosquito will release
saliva containing sporozoid saliva then
enter into human body.
2. Sporozoid is following the blood flow into
lever cell.
3. develop into tropozoid
4. Tropozoid develop into merozoid
5. Tropozoid develop into gametocyte
The life cycle of Plasmodium in female
mosquito :
Gametogenesis, gametocyte change into
microgamet and macrogamet
1. Micro and macrogamet fuse together into
zygot (ookinet)
2. Ookinet develop to oocyt in the intestine wall
3. Inside oocyst develop into froms sporozoites
4. Sporozoid is ready to be infected into human
body
C. Class Ciliata (infusoria)
The reproduction and conjugation of
Paramecium
 D. CLASS SPOROZOA
• Parasitie protozoa, without movement
tools
• Reproduce asexually and sexually
• Asexually reproduce in the definitive host
cells
• Sexually reproduce in the intermediary
host cell
Anopheles mosquito in human body is
related to its reproduction sporozoa have
two stadium or two development stages in
their life cycle sporogony (sexual stage),
and skizogony (asexual stage) were are
four species of plasmodium
 Causing malaria disease :

1. Plasmodium talcipaeum causing tropical

malaria wuth sporulasi one to 2x24 hours
2. Plasmodium vivax causing tertian malaria
with sporulation period of everi 2x24 hours
3. Plasmodium malaria is malaria quavtans
3x24 hours
4. Plasmodium ovale causing liniph
interupsion 2x24 hours
 ALGAE

Characteristic of algae :
1. The have chloropphyl and other pigment for
fotosyntesiss (special pigment)
2. Alga body : the form of thallus that does’t have
roots, stems and leaves
3. Varioues shape : Unicellular or multicellular,
Unicellular alga make a colony filament or thread
like structure
4. Algae in habits : in the water on the skin stem of
three
 Reproduction
• Asexsual : cell division, fragmentasion, asexual spora
• Sexual : Isogami, heterogamy, oogamy

The classification of algae

NO CLASS SPECIAL EXAMPLE
PIGMENT
1. Green Algae Chlorophyl Spirogira
(Chlorophyta) Chlorella
2. Red Algae Phycoeritin Eucheuma
(Rhodophyta) Gracilaria
Gelidium
3. Brown Algae Fuxoxanthin Sargasum
(Phaeophyta) Laminaria
Turbinaria
4. Golden Algae Carotenoids Diatom
(Chrysophyta)
 1. Green Algae (Chlorophyta)

Characteristic :
 Habitat : Fresh water, sea water, hot springs
 Special pigment : Chlorophyl
 Example :
Chlorella - S.C.P / D.C.T
Spirogyra :
- body shape : filament (like thread)
- chloroplant : spiral shape reproduction
Asexual fragmentation while reproduction is baby
forming zygospore
 
 2. Red Algae (Rhodophyta)

Characteristic :
1. Habitat : Sea grass
2. Special pigment : Phycoeritin
3. Cell walls : containeda cellulose and latex
4. Having food reserves : floridean as jelly material
5. Reproduction Sexual : Fusion between sperma
without flagella and ovum
6. Example : Eucheuma Spinosum, Gelidium,
Gracilaria
7. Role of in food and cosmetic materials
 3. Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)

Characteristic :
• Special pigment : Fuxoxanthin
• Have hold fas (alat memegang) to attach on rocks
• Have gas filled bladders to floatin the water
• Have structure of stem like and leave like
• Reproduction
- Asexually : fragmentasion and zoospore
- Sexually : oogamy and isogamy
- Metagenesis
• Example :
Fucus , Sargasum, Laminaria, Tubinaria
Role of have alginate, which can be used textile, plastic, cosmetic,
material, media of microbal cultivation
 4. Golden Algae (Chrysophyta)

Characteristic :
• Special pigment : Carotenoids
• Reproduction
a. Asexual : Fragmentasion
b. Sexual : Isogamy
• Example : Diatom
• Body shape : covered two layer case
a. Hipoteca (pektri)
b. Efilcea (siliea)
This case is utilized polisher material
Dead diatom – form diatom soil
BIG THANK’s