NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY AND

SANITATION PROGRAMME
Neethu Vincent
Assistant Professor
KVM College Of Nursing
 NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
PROGRAMME
• 1954 – National Water Supply And Sanitation Programme
• 1972 – ARWSP (Accelerated Rural Water Supply
Programme)
• 1981 – International Drinking Water Supply And
Sanitation Programme
• 1991- renamed as the Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking
Water Mission
• 2002 – Swajaldhara
• 2008 – National Urban Sanitation Policy
• 2009 – National Rural Drinking Water Programme
 NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
PROGRAMME
• It was initiated in 1954.
• Objective :
1) To providing safe water supply and adequate
drainage facilities for the entire urban and
rural population of the country.
 Targets :
a) 100% urban and rural water supply.
b) 50% urban sanitation.
c) 25% rural sanitation.
 ARWSP (Accelerated Rural Water Supply
Programme)
• Started as a supplement to the national water
supply and sanitation programme
 SWAJALDHARA
• It was launched in 25th dec 2002. It has certain
reform principles which needed to be adhered by the
states governments and implementing agencies .
AIMS
• To provide safe drinking water in rural areas, with
full ownership of the community, building awareness
among the village community on the management of
drinking water projects, including better hygiene
practices and encouraging water conservation
practices along with rainwater harvesting.
Swajaldhara has two components :
1. Swajaldhara 1 (first dhara) : is for gram
panchayat or a group of panchayat (at block /
tehsil level).
2. Swajaldhara 2 (second dhara) : has district as
the project area.
 ACTIVITIES

• Plan , implement , operate , maintain and

manage all water supply and sanitation
programme.
Conversation measures :
A. Rain water harvesting
B. Ground water recharge system
 Bharat Nirman
• Launched -2005 by GOI
• Programme to build rural infrastructure
• Phased manner
 Phase I – 2008-2009
 Phase II – 2011-2012
 New initiatives in 12 th Five Year Plan

1. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation project for

low income states (raise the coverage of
piped water supply , toilet coverage and
strengthening of institution and systems in
rural drinking water and sanitation sectors)
2. Enhancement of service levels for rural water
supply from the norm of 40 lpcd to 50 lpcd
 Rural Sanitation Programme
Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA)
• 2012
• Objectives
 To achieve sustainable behavioural change
with provision of sanitary facilities in entire
communities in phased manner,saturation
modes with “Nirmal Grams” as outcomes
 Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
•  Swachh Bharat Abhiyan was announced by Prime
Minister of India Mr.Narendra Modi on Indian
Independence Day and launched on 2 October
2014,GandhiJayanti and announced 26
September-2 October as Swachhta Week to
sensitize the people living in Rural areas
• This campaign aims to accomplish the vision of
'clean India' by 2nd October 2019, 150th birthday
of Mahatma Gandhi Swachh Bharat Abhiyan(SBA)
 Aim
• Eradicate open defecation by the year 2019,
• Two sub missions , namely ,
 Swachh Bharat Mission Urban, and
 Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin.
 Objective
• Eliminate open Defecation
• Eradication of manual Scavenging
• 100% collection and Scientific Processing/disposa l
resuse/recycle of Municipal Solid waste
• Generate awareness among the citizens about
sanitation and its linkages with public health
• Conversion of insanitary toilets to pour flush toilets
• To lay water pipelines in all villages, ensuring water
supply to all households by 2019.
 Component
• Commuity and Public Toilets
• Construction of Household Toilets
• Solid Waste Management
• Information, Education & Communication
(IEC) and Public Awareness
• Capacity Building and Administration & Office
Expenses (A & OE)
 Strategy
• Planning Phase
• Implementation Phase
• Sustainability Phase
 Submission
• Swachh Bharat Mission Urban
• Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin
 Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin
• The mission in rural India will mean improving
the level of cleanliness in rural areas through
solid and liquid waste management and
making gram panchayats free of open
defecation ,clean and sanitized.
 Aim
• All rural families have access to toilets
 KEY OBJECTIVES

a. Bring about an improvement in the general quality of life in the

rural areas ,by promoting cleaning ,hygiene and elimination open
defecation
b. Accelerate sanitation coverage in rural areas to achieve in rural
areas to achieve the vision of Swachh Bharat by 2 nd October
2019
c. Motivate communities and panchayati raj institutions to adopt
sustainable sanitation practices and facilities through awareness
creation and health education
d. Encourage cost effective and appropriate technologies for
ecologically safe and sustainable sanitation
e. Develop wherever required,community managed sanitation
 Key Components
• Start up activities including preparation of
state plan
• Construction of household toilets
• Construction of community sanitary
complexes
• Capacity building of functionaries
 Activities
• construction of toilets in government schools
and anganwadi centres (ministry of human
resource development and ministry of Women
& child development respectively )
• Rural school sanitation focusing on separate
toilets for girls and boys in a major
intervention (pgms of dept of school
education )
 Incentives
• Incentives for construction of toilet iv available
for BPL and above BPL restricted to SC/ ST ,
small and marginal farmers ,landless
labourers , physically handicapped and
women headed families.
 Swachh Bharat Mission Urban
• Implimented by ministry of urban
development
 Objectives
1. Eliminate open defecation
2. Eradication of manual scavenging
3. Modern and scientific municipal solid waste
management
4. To effect behavioural change regarding healthy
sanitation practices
5. Generate awareness about sanitation and its
linkage with public health
6. Capacity augmentation for ULB
7. To create enabling environment for private sector
participation in Capex and Opex .
 Components
1. House toilets ,including conversion of
insanitary latrines into pour-flush latrines
2. Community toilet
3. Public toilets
4. Solid waste management
5. IEC and public awareness
6. Capacity building and administrative and
office expenses
Special group focused under the mission
• All manual scavengers in the urban areas
• Migrants and migrants - temporary
accommodation with adequate provision for toilet
• Mandating the construction labours in urban
areas have access to temporary toilets at all sites
in urban areas ,buildings,parks and roads where
construction maintenance work is taking place or
where construction temperarily housed
• Priority shall be accorded pro actively to cover
households with vulnerable sections such as
pensioners ,girl children ,pregnant and lactating
mothers
Household toilet components of SBM-Urban

• No households engage in the practice of open

defecation
• No new insanitary toilets are constructed
during the mission period
• Pit latrines are converted to sanitary latrines
Solid waste management component of SBM
-Urban
• Municipal solid waste management refers to a
systematic process that comprises of waste
segregation and storage at source,primary
collection ,secondary storage
,transportation ,secondary segragation
,resource recovery ,processing ,treatment and
final disposal of solid waste
 O U
K Y
A N
TH