MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCIES

Measures of Central Tendencies for Ungrouped Data

• descriptive measures that indicate where the center or the most
typical value of a set of data.
Mean
• is considered as the average value in common. It is calculated by
dividing the sum of the data by the total number of data.
Median
• is the average of the two middle values for collections with an even
number of values.
Mode
• is the element that occurs for the most number of times. Or it is the
most repeated element.
MEAN, MEDIAN AND MODE FOR GROUPED DATA
C.I. frequency X fx
Class mark

5-9 5

10 – 14 3

15 – 19 9

20 – 24 7

25 – 29 6

30 – 34 4

35 -39 2

40 - 44 1
 
MEAN OF GROUPED DATA BY UNIT CODED DEVIATION
Another formula for computing the mean of grouped data is by
the process called coding or deviation method. Select a class mark
denoted by x’ as an assumed mean and mark its deviation by 0. The
values of d=0, +1, +2, +3 +4 and so on.

Formula: +.

Where:
= mean of grouped data
= assumed mean or class mark where d = 0
d = unit coded deviation, 0, +1, +2, +3 +4 and so on..
f = frequency
= sum of the products of frequency and unit coded deviation
N = total frequency
i = class interval
Solution: Place coded deviation d = 0 in any cell; then
multiply the frequency to the coded deviation, f(d).
C.I. frequency X D fd
Class mark

5-9 5

10 – 14 3

15 – 19 9

20 – 24 7

25 – 29 6

30 – 34 4

35 -39 2

40 - 44 1
  Median class is the class containing a cumulative frequency (<F)
equal to N/2 or next higher to N/2

Then; = = = 18.5

Let:
Lcb = lower limit of the class boundary of median class
Lcb = 19.5
= The cumulative frequency before the median class
= 17
fm = frequency of median class
fm = 7
i =5
Formula:
- Lcb +
 MEDIAN FOR GROUPED DATA
C.I. f <F c.b.
5-9 5

10 – 14 3

15 – 19 9

20 – 24 7

25 – 29 6

30 – 34 4

35 -39 2

40 - 44 1
 Mode for Grouped Data

Let:

f = frequency
I = class interval
Lcb = Lower limit of the class boundary of modal class
d1 = difference between the highest frequency and the
frequency just above it
D2 = difference between the highest frequency and the
frequency just above it

*Modal Class is the class with the highest frequency

 C.I. f <F c.b.
5-9 5

10 – 14 3

15 – 19 9

20 – 24 7

25 – 29 6

30 – 34 4

35 -39 2

40 - 44 1
 

Lcb = 14.5
d1 = 9 – 3 = 6
d2 = 9 – 7 = 2

Formula:

.i
C.I F (Frequency)
10-19 6
20-29 10
30-39 8
40-49 13
50-59 7
60-69 5
70-79 2