COMMUNICATION
Definition:-
-Communication is a process of sharing information using a set
of common rules.
-Communication is a process by which information is
exchanged between individuals through a common system of
symbols, signs or behavior.
PURPOSES:-
To collect assessment data
To initiate intervention
To evaluate outcome of intervention
To initiate change which help in promoting health
To take measures for preventing legal problems associated
with nursing practice
To analyze factors affecting the health team
COMMUNICATION
Definition:-It is a process by which two or more
persons exchange or share ideas ,facts, feelings
or impressions.
Purposes:-In community communication is to
educate the public or certain specific groups
towards the development of attitude & behavior
that are likely to promote health & welfare. The
purpose of communication is classified in three
headings-
Information
Propaganda(publicity)
Entertainment
LEVELS
Level 1-Conventional acquaintances a person communicates with strangers
to have casual quaintances in the conventional level.
Ex:-First encounter between the nurse and patient
Level 2 –Exploratory associates
Ex:-Relationship with collegues,neighbours,teaching to public etc
Levels 3-Participate friends
Ex:-Nurse and Doctor
Levels 4-Intimacy (closest
friends) Ex:-Two close friends
ELEMENTS
According to Berlo there are 4 elements they are as followes
o S-Source(sender-encoder):-The person who initiates
conversations or sending message.
o M-Message:-Message consist of verbal or nonverbal
information to the receiver.
o C-Channel:-The medium used to convey the
message
o R-Receiver:-Listener, observer who interprets
message.
MODES OF COMMUNICATION:-
By which communication occurs
1 Verbal Communication
2 Nonverbal Communication
TYPES
Formal communication:-conversation between officials on
various positions.ex:nursing superintendent & staff nurse.
Informal communication:-conversation between peoples
on non official matter. ex:Interaction between two close
friends
One way communication:-It always flows in one direction
there is no feedback. ex: lecturer delivered by teacher in
class room.
Two way communication:-In conversation feedback is
present. ex: group discussion
Visual communication:-Message is conveyed using
symbols. ex: displayed posters or models in the
exhibition
Telecommunication:-Communicating in distant places with
help of electromagnetic appliances. Ex:
SKILLS FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Confidence
Critical thinker
Analytical
Openmindness
Active listener
Empathetic
Honest
Confidentiality
Knowledgeable
Systematic
Tactfulness
PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION
SENDE MESSAG
R E
FEEDBAC
CHANNELS
K
RECEIVE
R
BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION
1- PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIER:
Difficulty in hearing
Difficulty in vision
Difficulty in expression
2- PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIER:
Emotional disturbance
Fear
Level of intelligent
Ego
3- ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIER:
Lack of ventilation
Lack of privacy
Over crowding
4 – CULTURAL BARRIER:
Level of knowledge & understanding
Customs
Belief
Religion
Language
IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION
Information
Education
Motivation
Counseling
Reduce stress
Health promotion
NURSE PATIENT RELATIONSHIP
Introduction:-NPR is a basic requirements of nursing
practice. These relationship find encouragement when we
are feeling down & comfort when we are hurting.
Definition:-It is an interaction between two persons in which
the nurse offers a series of purposeful activities & practice
that are useful to particular patient.
Types of relationships:-
Social relationship
Intimate relationship
Therapeutic relationship
characteristics
•It is an intellectual and emotional bond between
the nurse and mainly focused on the client.
• It respects the client as an individual.
• Considering family relationship and values.
•Maximizing the clients abilities to participating in
decision making.
• It respects client confidentiality.
•It is based on the mutual trust, respect and
acceptance.
Developing Helping Relationship
The following points are important, to develop a
nurse- client relationship or helping relationship.
• listen actively.
• Be honest.
• Be aware of cultural differences.
• Maintain client confidentiality.
• Know your rolls and your limitations.
Phases of Relationship
Pre-interaction phase
Introductory phase
Working phase
Termination phase
Patient teaching
Teaching is given to enhance specific learning of
patient. Patient teaching is a creative interpersonal
experience, differs from other forms of teaching
by its client oriented relationship.
Definition: Patient teaching is a process involves
teaching the patient about reducing the health risk
factors, increasing clients level of wellness and
taking specific protective health measures.
Role of nurse in patient teaching
Nurse is to identify clients learning needs.
Motivate the client.
Involving client actively.
Topic of the client teaching should match
with clients need.
The teaching should be simple to complex.
She should provide peaceful environment
while teaching.
She should observe the emotional
and physiological needs.
The nurse should be knowledgeable
and confidence
Purposes of patient teaching
To promote health,
to protect health,
to maintain health,
to identify relevant health care needs of the
clients
to provide psychological support during
teaching learning process,
to keep nurse knowledgeable,
to raise self confidence of nurse in
teaching.
Importance of patient teaching
Providing patient teaching is an important
independent function of nurse. As client has
a “right to know”, “right to information”, giving
information regarding clients health status
is mandatory now a days.
Patient teaching improves nurse client
relationship.
It helps in patients safe transition from one
level to another
It helps client to make decision about his
health condition.
Guidelines for effective patient
teaching
Development and maintenance of rapport between
nurse and client is important.
Time for delivering teaching should be as clients
convenience.
Nurse should have all communication skills.
Local language should be perfectly used.
Use of A.V.Aids faster learning and grasp the client
attention.
Teaching with demonstration is effective.
Repetition is necessary in teaching process.
Active involvement of nurse and client is important
