SCHOOL OF

PHARMACEUTICAL
SCIENCES

Exercise I & II:

Introductory Economic Evaluation
Workshop
Dr Asrul Akmal Shafie
BPharm, PG Dip Health Econs, PhD

aakmal@usm.my

Associate Professor International Fellow

School of Pharmaceutical Sciences International Society for
Pharmacoeconomic & Outcomes
Research
SCHOOL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL
Exercise II
SCIENCES

Should we prescribe dapagliflozin?

• You are the pharmacist of endocrinology unit and would like
to introduce monotherapy dapagliflozin 10mg daily (vs
metformin 1g bd) as the 3rd line treatment for Type 2
diabetes.
 Assignment III:
Analyzing CEA/CUA
SCHOOL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL
SCIENCES

      Sulphonylurea Dapagliflozin
COST  
Health Sector (€), C1 13,252 14,719
 
 
BENEFIT  
  Life Years 16.87 14.35
  QoL 0.7 0.4
 
 Illustrate the ICER on a
cost-effectiveness plane.
SCHOOL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL
SCIENCES

COST COST

Dapagliflozin Dapagliflozin

SURVIVAL QALY
SU SU
 Exercise IIb:
Analyzing CEA/CUA
SCHOOL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL
SCIENCES

      Sulphonylurea Dapagliflozin
COST  
Health Sector (€), C1 13,252 20,000
 
 
BENEFIT  
  Life Years 16.87 25.00
  QoL 0.7 0.9
 
 Illustrate the ICER on a
cost-effectiveness plane.
SCHOOL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL
SCIENCES

COST COST

Dapagliflozin Dapagliflozin

SURVIVAL QALY
SU SU
 Calculate the incremental cost-effectiveness
ratio (ICER) for a COST-effectiveness analysis
SCHOOL OF and cost-utility analysis that compares
PHARMACEUTICAL
SCIENCES Dapagliflozin
to Sulphonylurea
• ICER = (costDapa – costSU)/(effectivenssDapa –
effectivenessSU)
++++++++++++++++++++++++++
• ICER = (€20,000 - € 13,252) / (25.00 – 16.87 LYS)
• ICER = € 830.01 / LYS
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
• ICER = (€20,000 - € 13,252) / (25.00*0.9 – 16.87*0.7
QALY)
• ICER = € 631.19 /QALY

€ 50,000 threshold
Thank You