INTRODUCTION TO THE

PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN

PERSON
Presented by
LESLIE MONICA MACAISA-REYES
 CONTENT
The STANDARD
learner understands
the meaning and
process of doing
philosophy
 PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner reflects on a
concrete experience in a
philosophical way
 LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
Recognize the human
activities that emanated
from deliberate reflection.
(PPT11/12-Ib-1.2)
CONTENT
Doing
Philosophy
“Pass the Ball”
 ACTIVITY
Read:
“What Values Shall I Live in the
World?” by Plato
Base on what you have read
draw your interpretation of
Plato’s cave. (10 minutes)
RUBRIC
Guide questions:
1. What Branch of Philosophy did
the reading material can be
categorized?

2. How this activity helps you to

understand the specific branch of
the Philosophy?
• The Five (5) Branches
of Philosophy
• Metaphysics
• Ethics
• Epistemology
• Logic
• Aesthetics
Metaphysics
-it is extension of a
fundamental and
necessary drive in every
human being to know
what is real.
Plato, Socrates’ most
famous student is a good
example of
metaphysician who draws
the sharpest possible
contrast between reality
 ...... CONTINUATION Five Branches of Philosohy

• Ethics
• – study of the nature of moral
judgment.
• It is a branch of philosophy that
explores the nature of moral
virtue and evaluates human
actions.
 ...... CONTINUATION Five Branches of Philosohy

• Epistemology
• – it deals with nature,
sources, limitations, and
validity of knowledge.
 ...... CONTINUATION Five Branches of Philosohy

• Epistemology explains:
• (1) how we know what we claim to
know
• (2) how we can find out what we
wish to know
• (3) how we can differentiate truth
from falsehood.
 ...... CONTINUATION Five Branches of Philosohy

• Epistemology addresses
varied problems : the
reliability, extent, and
kinds of knowledge, truth,
language, and science and
scientific knowledge.
 ...... CONTINUATION Five Branches of Philosohy
• How do we acquire knowledge?
• 1. On the one hand he/she sees, hears
and touches; on the other hand, he/she
organizes in his/her mind what he/she
learns through the senses.
• 2. Other philosophers think it is
important to find a general law according
to which particular facts can be
understood or judged
 ...... CONTINUATION Five Branches of Philosohy
• INDUCTION- general ideas are formed
from the examination f particular
facts.
• EMPIRICIST- philosophers who feel
that knowledge is acquired through
induction.
• EMPIRICISM- is the view that
knowledge can be attained through
sense of experience
 ...... CONTINUATION Five Branches of Philosohy
• How do we acquire knowledge?
• 2. Other philosophers think it is
important to find a general law according
to which particular facts can be
understood or judged (DEDUCTION)

• RATIONALISTS- advocate of
deduction.
 ...... CONTINUATION Five Branches of Philosohy

• Logic
• – Reasoning is the concern of the
logician. This reasoning in science and
medicine, in ethics and law, in politics
and commerce, in sports and games, and
in the mundane affairs of everyday living.

• Aristotle – was the first philosopher to

devise a logical method.
•Aesthetics
• – is the science of the
beautiful in its various
manifestations including
sublime, comic, tragic,
pathetic, and ugly.
• IMPORTANCE OF CONSIDERING THE
STUDY OF AESTHETICS

It vitalizes our knowledge

It helps us to live deeply and richly
It brings us in touch with our culture
• HANS-GEORG GADAMER
• a German Philosopher, agues that
our tastes and judgment of beauty
work in connection with one’s own
personal experience and culture.
 •APPLICATION
• Base on your personal
experiences share your
views of what is wrong
or right.
 • ASSESSMENT
• Direction: Answer the following
question:
1. _________ was the first philosopher to
devise a logical method.

• 2. _________is the science of the

beautiful in its various manifestations
including sublime, comic, tragic, pathetic,
• 3. _________ is the concern of
logician.
• 4. _________ deals with nature,
sources, limitations, ad validity of
knowledge.
• 5. _________It is the study of the
nature of moral judgment.
• 3. Philosophy follows certain steps or it
employs certain procedures. It is called
_________ because the investigation is
systematic.
• A. Reason
• B. Principle
• C. Knowledge
• D. Science
• AGREEMENT/ASSIGNMENT
• ANSWER:
• How do you define “happiness’?
Do you support the view of
Socrates: “To become happy, a
person must live a virtuous life”?
Explain. Write your answer in a ½
sheet of paper.