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Software Design

Lecture : 41
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Template Design Pattern

OR

Pattern Design Pattern

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Software Processes and Templates

i. Requirement Specification Template

ii. Functional Specfication Template
iii. Design Document Template
iv. Audit Documents
v. Example : Volere Template etc
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Motivation for Template Design

Pattern

 The Template Method pattern can be used in situations

when there is an algorithm, some steps of which could
be implemented in multiple different ways.

 Some portion of the solution is fix for all the scenarios

and some portion of the solution is specific to any
situation
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Motivation for Template Pattern

 In such scenarios, the Template Method pattern suggests

keeping the outline of the algorithm in a separate
method referred to as a template method inside a
class, which may be referred to as a template class,
leaving out the specific implementations of the
variant portions (steps that can be implemented in
multiple different ways) of the algorithm to different
subclasses of this class.
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Motivation for Using Template

Pattern

 The Template class does not necessarily have to leave the

implementation to subclasses in its entirety. Instead, as
part of providing the outline of the algorithm, the
Template class can also provide some amount of
implementation that can be considered as invariant
across different implementations
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Motivation for Template Pattern

 It can even provide default implementation for the

variant parts, if appropriate. Only specific details will be
implemented inside different subclasses. This type of
implementation eliminates the need for duplicate code,
which means a minimum amount of code to be written.
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Intent of Template Pattern

Define the skeleton of an algorithm in an

operation, deferring some steps to subclasses.

Template Method lets subclasses redefine

certain steps of an algorithm without letting
them to change the algorithm's structure.
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A discussion on Final Method type

In java when we want to restrict the subclass
from overriding the super class method, we can
declare that super class method a “Final”
method
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Framework Vs Library
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Hollywood principle

 “Don't call us, we'll call you”

 This refers to the fact that instead of calling the methods

from base class in the subclasses, the methods from
subclass are called in the template method from
superclass.
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Hooks or Hot Spots

 The hooks are generally empty methods that are called in

superclass (and does nothing because are empty), but
can be implemented in subclasses.

 Customization Hooks can be considered a particular case

of the template method as well as a totally different
mechanism.
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Class Diagram
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Components of Abstract Class

Abstract Class
 defines abstract primitive operations that
concrete subclasses define to implement steps of
an algorithm.
Concrete Class - implements the primitive
operations to carry out subclass-specific steps of
the algorithm.
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Problem Statement
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• Lets' assume we have to develop an application for a

travel agency. The travel agency is managing each trip.
All the trips contain common behavior but there are
several packages. For example each trip contains the
basic steps:

i. The tourists are transported to the holiday location by

plane/train/ships,...
ii. Each day they are visiting something
iii. They are returning back home.
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Proposed Class Diagram

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Java Code
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public class Trip {

        public final void performTrip(){
                 doComingTransport();
                 doDayA();
                 doDayB();
                 doDayC();
                 doReturningTransport
        }
        public abstract void doComingTransport();
        public abstract void doDayA();
        public abstract void doDayB();
        public abstract void doDayC();
        public abstract void doReturningTransport();
}
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public class PackageA extends Trip

{
        public void doComingTransport()
{
  System.out.println("The turists are comming by air ...");
        }
        public void doDayA() {
     System.out.println("The turists are visiting the aquarium ...");
        }
        public void doDayB() {
     System.out.println("The turists are going to the museum ...");
        }
        public void doDayC() {
          System.out.println("The turists are going to mountains ...");
        }
        public void doReturningTransport() {
                 System.out.println("The turists are going home by air ...");
        }}
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public class PackageB extends Trip {

        public void doComingTransport() {
                System.out.println("The turists are comming by train ...");
        }
        public void doDayA() {
      System.out.println("The turists are visiting the mountain ...");
        }
        public void doDayB() {
  System.out.println("The turists are going to the olympic
stadium ...");
        }
        public void doDayC() {
                 System.out.println("The turists are going to zoo ...");
        }
        public void doReturningTransport() {
         System.out.println("The turists are going home by train ...");
        }
}
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To Do Tasks
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i. Identify a scenario where there should be 2 level of

template design pattern implementation-e Subclasses
should behave as template class also for the level 2
subclasses.

ii. Write a scenario where template design pattern is

replaceable by Observer Design Pattern.

iii. Write a scenario where template pattern can be used

along with iterator pattern