SEMINAR

ON
SENSORY DEPREVATION

PREPARED BY:
P.MANOJKUMAR.
MSC (N) 1ST YR,
VMCON.
 INTRODUCTION

An individual senses are essential foe

growth ,developementand survival.
Sensory stimuli give meaning to events in
the envirnment.
Any alterartions in people's sensory
functions can affect their ability to function
within the envirnment.
 COMPONENTS OF SENSORY
EXPERIENCE:
Sensory reception.
Sensory perception.
SENSORY RECEPTION

External stimuli: It occur when an external

stimulisuch as touch approchesand body
responds accordingly.
Internal stimuli: It is of two types.
• Kinesthetic: It is related to position and
movement of body partsin response to
stimuli.(e.g)when a person touches the
tennis ball,he recgnizes it as a circular
ball,of medium size and rough texture.
contd.

 Visceral: It refers to any large organ within

the body,(e.g) when a person eats the
food,then he recognizes the feeing of full
stomuch.
SENSORY PERCEPTION

 It refers to the ability of brain to intrept the

object which he receives.
ASPECTS OF SENSORY PROCESS:

Stimulation.
Receptor.
Impulse conduction.
Perception.
contd..

• Stimulus: It is an act or any agent that

stimulates a nerve receptor(also calles
transduction).
• Receptor: The nerve cell act as a receptor
by converting the stimulus to nerve
impulse.
 Impulse conduction:

The impulse travel along nerve pathway

to
spinal cord or directly t the brain
via ascendingsensry tract
to
Then certain nerve impulse travels to the
cerebral cortex where they get perceived.
contd..

perception:
• In perception, awareness and interpretationof
stimuli take place.
• It occurs through speciallized brain cells tht
interpret the nature and quality of sensory
stimuli.
• It is important to note that the level of
conciouness affect the interpretation of
stimulus.
TYPES OF RECEPTORS:

Exteroceptors: Touch,light
presure,pain,temperature,odour,sound
and light.
proprioceptors:sense of
position,movement and co-ordination.
Interoceptors:Viceral information.
Chemoreceptors:
FACTORS AFFECTING
PERCEPTION:
Developmental
Social
lifestyle
occupational
pathologic
therapuetic
Developmental:
• Newborn:sensory perception is
rudimentary.Repeated stimulation is required
for maturation of CNS.
• Toddler and preschoolers:Learns full
acquintances with the world by exploration
with all senses.
• Child and adolecents:Learning occurs at an
accelerated pace.reading and listening
inmprove sensory perception.
• Adults and older adults:Sensory perception is
at peak.gradual reduction in effiency occurs
Social:

• Peoples with sensory problems will have less

social interaction.
• A deaf person may have less social
interaction and verbal communication.
• Sensory impaired children will have low self
esteem and less communication initiative
compared to nrmal children.
• Sensation is affected by restricted and
unstimulating environment.
Lifestyle:

• The amount and quality f sensory

information that a person feels comfortabe
in processing are based on his or her work
and leisure habits.
• Some people may prefer quite
environmentwhile others derive energy
and productivity from the activity around.
Occupational:

• Type of occupation and occupational

evironment affect the sensory perception.
• people who are exposed to prolonges loud
noise will develop hearing problems.
• People who use their hands repetitively
may develop trauma of median nerve and
carpel tunnel syndrome.
Pathologic:

• clients with DM may experience an

alterations in vision.
• The presence of
visual,auditory,olfactory,gastatory or tactile
sensory deficits may cause a decrease in
sensory stimuli.
Therapuetic:

• Excessive environmental stimuli in ICU

• Isolation
• Restricted visiting hours in ICU
• Smoking
• Endotracheal intubation
• pharmacologic:
--Aminoglycoside antibiotic
--Analgesics and sedatives.
ALTERATIONS IN SENSORY STIMULI

Sensory deficit.
Sensory Overload.
Sensory Deprivation.
SENSORY DEFICIT

• A deficit in the normal function of sensory

reception and perception.
Managing of sensory deficits
THE CLIENT WITH a TACTILE
DEFICIT
• Avid the following :
• Sun exposure (use sunblock )
• Hot wather bath
• Hot wather bottles ,heating pads
• Caeeying hot food or liquids in lap
• Siting on objrcts that may be hot
• Eating on objects that may be hot
• Eating hot fod ,such as pizza, or other itemes that maintatin
heat for an exten ded peiod , without fist testing temerture
• Over exposuer to very low temertures withouer proper
portection.
THE CLIENT WITH A VISUAL
IMPAIRMENT

• Look diretly at the client while speaking .

• Encourage the client to handle iterm and objects;
use obects that can be ibentified by others senses.
• Keep furniture and other iterm in thier usunal place ;
orient the client to the eniro
• Use normal tone , volume and rate of speaking.
• Infoerm the client when you are entering or leaving
the room .
• Ask for the permission of the client before touching
him or her .
SENSORY OVERLOAD

• When a person receives multiple sensory

stimuli nd cannot perceptually disregard or
selectively ignore some stimuli.
CAUSES FOR SENSORY OVERLOAD

• Internal factors such as thinking about

impending surgery.
• anxiety
• environment
• ICU or crowded ward
• uncontrlled pain
• noise
• light.
CLINICAL SIGNS OF SENSORY
OVERLOAD
• complints of fatigue
• sleeplessness
• irritability
• anxiety
• restlessness
• disorientation
• reduced problem solving ability
CLINICAL SIGNS OF SENSORY
OVERLOAD:contd...

• reduced task performance

• increased muscle tension
• Scattered attention
• racing thoughts.
CARE OF SENSORY OVERLOAD
CLIENT:
• Address the client by his or her name.
• provide explanations of all the procedures.
• modify the environment to reduce the
excessive multisensory stimulation;reduce
distractions ,loud nose and excessive light.
• Behave in a calm and composed manner
when communicating with a client.
• provide a private room.
CARE OF SENSORY OVERLOAD
CLIENT:contd..

• plan the delivery of care to allow for rest

periods with no stimulation.
• use soft BGM.
• keep the envt free from strong odurs.
• limit the number and frequency of visitors.