UNIT 1/ 2

BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING

1. SURVEYING AND LEVELLING
2. BUILDING PLANNING
3. EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
4. FOUNDATION ENGINEERING
5. STRUCTURAL ENGINERING
 SURVEYING AND LEVELLING
• Measuring Horizontal /
Vertical Distances
( Linear Measurements)
• Measuring Horizontal/
Vertical Angles
( Angular Measurements)
• Plotting Maps/ Plans
• Tapes/ Chains, Ranging
Rods, levelling Staff
EDM, GIS, GPS
• Prismatic Compass,
Theodolight, Total
Station, GIS, GPS
• Drawing Instruments,
Planimeter…etc.
BUILDING PLANNING
BUILDING PLANNING

1. LOCATION PLAN
2. SITE PLAN
3. WORKING DRAWINGS ( TOP VIEW / PLAN, FRONT VIEW,
SIDE VIEW)
4. ELECTRICAL LAYOUT
5. PLUMBING LAYOUT
6. STRUCTURAL DETAILS
7. FOUNDATION PLAN
BUILDING DESIGN

1. DEAD LOAD / SELF WEIGHT (Indian Standard i.e.

IS : 875 Part 1 )
e. g. unit weight of concrete 25kN/ m ³, unit weight of brick
work 25kN/ m³, unit weight of soil 18kN/ m³
2. LIVE LOAD ( IS: 875 Part 2)
e.g. residential building : 3kN/m², industrial building:
5kN/m², office building :4kN/m²
3. WIND LOAD
4. EARTHQUAKE LOAD
 Pz  0.6V z
2

V z  k1k 2 k 3Vb
V z  DesignWind Speed
Vb  BasicWindS peed
k1  RiskCoeffi cient
k 2  Terrian , Height &
Structurew SizeFactor
k 3  Topography Factor
LOAD COMBINATION
DEAD LOAD + LIVE LOAD + EARTHQUAKE LOAD
DEAD LOAD + LIVE LOAD + WIND LOAD
 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
• STRUCTURAL ( LOAD • NON STRUCTURAL
CARRYING ELEMENT – ELEMENTS PARTS OF
PARTS OF THE BUILDING) THE BUILDING
 SLAB  MASONRY WALLS
 BEAMS  ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
 COLUMNS  WATERTANKS
 FOOTINGS/FOUNDATION
 SLAB

BEAM

COLUMN
 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING
This is the branch of civil
engineering deals with:
•study of different types,
design and construction of
foundation such as shallow
and deep foundation
•determination of bearing
capacity of soil
•Improvement of bearing
capacity of soil
•Settlement analysis
1. Quantity Surveying
2. Construction Engineering / Project
Management
3. Transportation Engineering
4. Fluid Mechanics
5. Irrigation Engineering
6. Environmental Engineering
7. Infrastructure Development
8. Town Planning
9. Remote Sensing
 QUANTITY SURVEYING
• Cleaning and clearing of • Probable cost of
site construction
• Surveying and leveling ( new) i.e.
• Excavation estimation
• Structural elements • Probable cost of
( footing, column, beam, construction (old)
slab) i.e. valuation
• Nonstructural element • Planning of
( wall, plaster, electric activities
fitting….etc) accordingly
CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING/ PROJECT MANAGEMENT

• People Material
• Functional planning of equipment, money
all activities. • COST/ TIME/
RESOURCES
 TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
• Why we need transportation ?
systems like roadways,
railways and air ways?
 TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
• Roads 1.Classification According to Function of Road
• Expressways ( As per the design)
• National Highways (7 to 15 meters)
• State Highways (7 to 10 meters)
• Major District Roads (5 to 8 meters)
• Other District Roads
• Village Roads
2. Classification Based on Material Used in Construction
• Earth Roads ( flexible pavement)
• Water Bound Macadam Roads ( flexible pavement)
• Bitumen Roads ( flexible Pavement)
• Cement Concrete Roads ( rigid pavement)
 Camber

Thickness of Base Course is 150 mm and thickness of subbase is 250

mm approximately ( Size of stone may vary from 16 mm to 75mm)