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 WHO ARE THE IBANAGS
 The Ibanag (also Ybanag and Ybanak or Ibanak) are an
ethnolinguistic minority numbering a little more than half a million
people, who inhabit the provinces of Cagayan, Isabela and Nueva
Vizcaya. They are one of the largest ethnolinguistic minorities in the
Philippines.
 The Ibanag language (also Ybanag) is spoken by about 500,000
speakers in two of the northeasternmost provinces of the
Philippines, Isabela and Cagayan. It is closely related to Gaddang, 
Itawis, Agta, Atta, Yogad, Isneg, and Malaweg.
 It is spoken especially in Tuguegarao City, Solana, Cabagan,San
Pablo, Tumauini, Sta. Maria, Sto. Tomas, Ilagan, Gamu, Naguilian
 and Reina Mercedes. There are also several speakers of the Ibanag
language in Abulug, Aparri, Camalaniugan, Lal-lo and Tuao. Most of
the speakers can speak Ilocano, the lingua franca of Northern Luzon,
as well
 THE IBANAGS LIFE CYCLE

*The family is not only a setting for socialization, it

becomes further a reinforcer of community beliefs and
values. This coordination between home and community is
the element which makes transmission of the Ibanag belief
system smooth and spontaneous. This is specially true in
beliefs and practices associated with the Ibanag life cycle -
conception and pregnancy, childhood, adolescence,
marriage, illness and death. In this section, we shall bring
forth some of these beliefs and practices as they make up
the socio-cultural setting of the religious indigenous beliefs.
There are many ethnic groups
 

known to inhabit the Philippines.

Different groups which make the
Philippine culture unique and
different. Ibanag people are one
of the known ethnic group in the
Philippines especially in the
northeastern part of the country.
But what makes them special?
What makes the unique from the
BELIEFS
CONCEPTION AND PREGNANCY
 Ibanag attitude towards children. Most beliefs and practices related to
conception and pregnancy are centered on the great value the Ibanags
put on the Ibanag child. The Ibanag child is a gift from God - nagafu ta
Yafu (it came from the Lord) and the Casibarag parents will use every
means so that mapia y pabbalingan na (he will grow to be prosperous).
This is the recurring thought in every father and mother as they face
their responsibility of parenthood. Father and mother follow to the letter
the cultural prescriptions and expectations even to their incovenience
because they want their child tu mapia y pabbalingan na (he will grow to
be prosperous). The Ibanag parents would not take any chance, for two
reasons: 1) the parents sincerely want their children to attain some
degree of success; and 2) they would not relish to be blamed by their
kinsmen when something untoward would happen. Children are the
source of luck for the family. Parents claim that as the children are born,
life becomes bearable. And there are particular children who are
deemed extra-lucky. A mother was telling us that when Isabel was born,
her husband was able to get a better job and their sarisari store began
to do better business. In fact, they named the store after her. Even the
pigs at the backyard, those are Isabel's, the mother proclaimed. She
 Ibanags way of being and living is the product of the Ibanag’s
peculiar understanding of life. According to some Ibanags, they have
multiple practices wonderful culture and of course a beautiful lingua
franca. Ibanags follow practices such as: No sweeping or cleaning
when it is already dark outside, cooking kakanin on the first day of
school or work, putting safety pins in clothes on Holy Week, no
cleaning or taking a bath in the house where there is funeral, and
avoidance of bringing home food, juice or even candies from
funerals. Considered as one of the Philippines ethnic minority groups,
Ibanags really have a lot of beliefs. They still have a lot of beliefs
such as staying for a bit longer when they sneeze just before they
get out of their doors; to avoid accidents, cooking malagkit so the
blessings received will stay intact, stabbing a tree when someone
they know die their dreams, and swimming in the river after burial of
a dead relative.
THESE ARE THE EXAMPLES OF
KAKANIN
 BINALAY ~ PINALATTAT
The Ybanag people are known to be the most amiable and adaptable among groups of Filipinos. They are easily influenced by the people around them.
They place a great value on children which they consider as a gift from God and like all other people they express their emotion through literature.
Ibanags are also considered relatives of all. In the barrios, each one is considered to be a relative of someone.
CULTURE OF IBANAG Traditional Ibanag couples place a great value on the
SOCIETY child, which they consider a gift from God. They see
their child/ren as the source of luck for the family,
and a form of investment or security. Couples
without children are considered unlucky and are
believed to be punished. For this case, childless
couples resort to prayers and novenas to special
saints. During pregnancy, couples go through a ritual
involving the use of “lutung” or container used for
feeding pigs. They use a small piece of it to be
served on a full moon, then chanting of prayers to
ensure the health of the expectant mother. After
pregnancy, the society recognizes the transition of
the newly born from infancy to childhood when the
child is referred as “abbing”. At this stage, parents
are watchful of their children’s growth. When parents
notice physical or mental defects in their child, many
particular rituals are being practiced. One of these is
to change the child’s name which means a desire to
start everything again.
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS  The Ibanags believe in spirits which inhabit the world.
They call them the “y ari nga masingang” or “those who
AND PRACTICES cannot be seen”. To appease these spirits, they make
offerings. Animal sacrifice has figured prominently in
many Ibanag rituals. During fiestas, the animal offering is
accompanied by the “Zambali” and the “Parosa”—a
song and dance dramatization of the life of particular
patron saint of a barangay.
 Zambali is one of the most popular practices of the
Ibanag during fiestas especially in the town fiesta of
Cabagan. It appears to be “Christian-Pagan” mock war
dance wherein Christians are represented by the Ibanag,
the non-Christians by the Kalinga, who opposed the
reduction efforts of the Spanish missionaries. As
warriors, the performers are armed with spears and
shields; wear headdresses decorated with feathers to
symbolize bravery. Despite the descent of the Catholic
doctrines and principles which appropriated native
cultural elements, the Ibanag system has survived
through the years.
 Despite having so many superstitious beliefs, Ibanags
show great relationship with their families, relatives and
friends, and they are also religious and kind-hearted
ones. Mabbalo!
Indeed, Ibanags are really unique. They have an uncountable
traditions, practices and superstitious beliefs that really stood out
among all the tribes here in the Philippines. It is very wonderful to
witness the Ibanag tribe. A tribe of such aesthetic culture, ethnicity,
and tradition
 NAPAFUTU NGA
PATTARADDAY;
A Glimpse of the
unique Culture
of the
Ybanag Community