Pulmonary delivery of insulin

by liposomal carriers
Ahmed Reda: route of administration / applications*
Rana Mokbel: pharmacokinetics / Therapeutic use*
Mohamed El Shinawy: Disadvantages/aim of work*
Mohanad Elhamy: polymers used/Advantages*
:PHARMACOKINETICS OF THE DRUG
:Absorption)1
Drug delivered as aerosol so alveoli targeted for-
drug absorption
DRUG deposited in alveoli after inhalation-
the liposomal insulin was homogeneously -
deposited on the mice alveoli after inhaling
liposomal insulin
absorption enhanced by liposome and surfactant-
of alveoli
addition of Gadolinum increase insulin absorption-
in lung
:Distribution-2
Drug distributed in lung alveolar*
The addition of exogenous liposome*
molecules accelerates the surfactant
recycling process in the alveolar cells,
leading to an enhanced uptake of the
protein molecule into the systemic
circulation
:METABOLISM-3
first pass metabolism of GIT is avoided by*
using this route
low extracellular and intracellular enzyme*
activity in lung make the drug more
stable
Insulin showed slight degradation during the .*
150 min duration of tracheal permeation, and
the apparent permeability coefficient for
.insulin was 7× 10−9 cm/s
THERAPEUTIC USE
reduction of plasma glucose level in type1 and )1
type2 diabetes

Prevention of complications in patients with)2

diabetes mellitus

Postprandial glucose control)3

Reduction of extrapulmonary side effects)4

PROPLEM AND AIM OF WORK

On the other hand, we have a aim of starting

this project (pulmonary drug delivery
system)
in use 1)it will be easier than from the needle
And it will also Reduced fear to the people who)2
they have Injection phobia because it will be
less painful so at last it will be a more
convenient for the patient even if they are
children
DIFFERENT ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATIONS

oral
pulmonary Rectal

Nasal

ocular transdermal
Buccal
ADVANTAGES

Pulmonary delivery offers anumber of

:advantages such as
,providing a large absorptive area)1
extensive vasculature, easily permeable)2
membrane,and low extracellular and
. intracellular enzyme activity
Another benefit is the direct targeting of )3
drugs to lung for treatment of pulmonary
diseases
DISADVANTAGES

Disadvantage of this pulmonary drug

delivery system was it's cost because it
was a very expensive Manufacturing
process so, the advantage were great that
were nearly no disadvantage
POLYMERS USED

Alkermes, Inc. And its partner Eli Lilly are

also utilizing
Proprietary technology to create large
porous particles of low mass
That consist of a biodegradable polymer
of a phospholipid matrix
That contains fast-acting human insulin.
Future developments
Might involve the production of a sustained-
 release formulation
Their partnership is built upon the AIR®
 (Advanced
Inhalation Research) technology platform that
 creates small
particles to be delivered through a small, )μm 5(
 easy-to-use
Inhaler as capsules containing human inhalable
insulin powder
 
as a dry powder in two dose strengths, 0.9 mg )®HIIP(
 ,or 2.6 mg
Equivalent to 2 or 6 units of subcutaneous insulin,
 respectively
This platform has produced inhalable insulin .]300[
 that is
Undergoing phase III testing as a substitute for
meal-time insulin
.injections in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes
:APPLICATIONS

significant progress has been reported-1

in the recent past in the delivery of
insulin using buccal and pulmonary
routes, as has been
achieved for many other hormonal drugs,
such as calcitonin and
vasopressin, which are available in
.intranasal sprays
One of the more unusual alternatives is-2 :
from Emisphere technology
Inc. Emisphere Technology has very ,
recently made
public that it is undertaking clinical phase II
trials in type 2 diabetic patients in order
to file an investigational new drug (IND)
application with the U.S. Food and Drug
.Administration (FDA)
The Generex Biotechnology Corporation, a small Canadian -3 :
drug delivery firm, recently stole themarch on the pharmaceutical
giants by launching the oral insulin, Oral-lyn™️, in the formof an
oral spray for the treatment of patients with type 1 and type 2
diabetes, in Ecuador last December . Generex has
developed a proprietary platform technology for the delivery of
drugs into the human body through the oral cavity (with no deposit
in the lungs). The company's proprietary liquid formulations
allowdrugs typically administered by injection to be absorbed into
the body through the lining of the inner mouth using the
company's proprietary RapidMist™️device. The process involves the 

creation of stable mixed miccellar solution containing the

pharmaceutical agent , absorption enhancer,and other excipents