JAPAN CULTURE AND

SOCIETY

BY
Joko Purnomo

Kiyomizu-dera, Kyoto

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 INTRODUCTION

•Early of Meiji Restoration 1868: Agrarian---80% farmer

•Isolated from the world
• Early of Meiji Restoration 1868: Agrarian---80% farming
•By 1914 Japan became New Industrializing Country (NIC)
• Isolated from the world
•Society still predominantly agrarian, but industry grow about 6%
• By 1914 Japan became New Industrializing Country (NIC)
per year
• Society still predominantly agrarian, but industry grow about 6%
•Shift in export from agriculture product to light manufacture
per year
good like textile and also import machineries increasing.
• Shift in export from agriculture product to light manufacture
• Japan today 1945 ~ modern country
good like textile and also import machineries increasing.
• Japan today 1945 ~ modern country

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 Organization of the book
• Part I : Role of ordinary Japanese in unfolding history of their
country
• Part II: Relationship between the state and the people 19th
century~
• Part III: Historical explanation
• Part IV : concerned time span-- Restoration Meiji 1868
• --Modernization early 1990s
• --1853 Commodore Perry’s arrival

Matthew Calbraith Perry

April 10, 1794 (1794-04-10) – March 4, 1858 (aged 63)

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 Ch 1 On the Meiji Restoration

• The Ancient Regime

• The Shogun Era (lords, daimyo, samurai) --Tokugawa Ieyasu1603

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• Goyozei ----------Sekigahara War 1600-------Ieyasu(legitimated)

• Sakoku ( 鎖国 , literally locked country)

• Sankin Kotai ( 参勤交代 , lit. "alternate attendance"?)

A Chinese junk in Japan, at

the beginning of the
Sakoku period (1644-1648
Folding Screen Depicting
Japanese woodblock
Scenes of the
print).
Attendance of Daimyo at
Edo Castle

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• Warrior and peasant >>>> Bushidō ( 武士道 ?), meaning "Way of the
Warrior“
• Gekokujo >>>Gekokujō ( 下克上 ) lower rules the higher
• Chonin ( 町人 "townsman")

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• Neo Confucianism

Symbolism in This Artistic Theme

*Confucius (Confucianism) =
Interfering, Rules & Regulations
Shakyamuni (Buddhism) =
*Unappreciative, Denial, Control
Lao Tsu (Taoism) = Appreciative,
Natural, Harmonious
*Vat of Vinegar = Essence of Life,
Nature, the TAO
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 The Meiji Restoration
• Restoration -------bourgeois (west)

• Restoration
•Tokugawa -------bourgeois (west)
Regime <<<<<<>>>>>>>Warrior class<<<<<>>>>>Meiji govt.
[ abolition special status]

• Tokugawa Regime <<<<<<>>>>>>>Warrior class<<<<<>>>>>Meiji govt.

The wealth of samurai decreased: fixed income, cut stipend.

• Tokugawa period----Rank of Samurai [ abolition special status]

The wealth of samurai decreased: fixed income, cut stipend.

• Tokugawa period----Rank of Samurai

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Early 19th century:

*Contacted with Russia

*OpiumWar(I 1839-1842) (II 1856-1860)
*Arrival Commodore Perry

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• Tokugawa Yoshinobu resigned in 1867
• Meiji Restoration
• Modern Japan

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Comments
• Japan has a long history as a nation
Japan has a long
•• Homogeneity history
of the as a nation
society
Homogeneity
•• Culture of theofsociety
and system belief
Culture
•• Way and system of belief
of life
• Way of life: Work hard, Play hard

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