ENVIRONMENTAL

TOXICOLOGY

UNIVERSIDAD MANUELA BELTRAN

INGENIERIA AMBIENTAL
2018
QUIZ 1
 Kahoot
 HAZARD
Def. Something that is dangerous and likely to cause damage
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n_IPD1ZMXpA

1. Cultural Hazard
2. Chemical Hazard
3. Physical Hazard HARM
4. Biological Hazard
Depends on:
Dose
Frequency of exposure
Age and size
Detoxification System
Genetic Makeup
Risk: Exposure*Vulnerability*Hazard
QUIZ 1
 Kahoot
 CONCEPTS

Science dealing with

properties, actions, toxicity,
fatal dose, detection of,
Toxicology interpretetion of the result of
toxicological analysis and
treatment of poisons

“Study of the adverse physicochemical effects of chemical, physical or

biological agents on living organisms and the ecosystem, including the
prevention and amelioration of such adverse effects”
Toxicity: Is the intrinsic
capacity of a chemical agent to
affect an organism adversely
BASIC CONCEPTS

Toxicant: Toxin: Poison: Toxicants

Substances that Specific proteins that cause
produce adverse produced by living inmediate death or
biological effects on organisms illness when
nature of any experienced in very
Most exhibit small amounts
nature. May be inmediate effects.
physicial or
chemical.
Classification Cathegories of
Toxicants

Scope

Consequences in
life
Classification by Scope

 Systemic Toxicants

 Organ Toxicants or
Tissues Toxicant
(Neurotoxicants,)

https://toxtutor.nlm.nih.gov/01-002.html
Classification by its consequences

 Carcinogens
 Mutagens
 Teratogens
 Allergens
 Neurotoxins
 Endocrine disruptors
DOSE
 Amount of a substance administered at one time.
However, other parameters are needed to describe
the exposure to any substante; such as: number of
doses, frequency and total time period of the
treatment.
 Environmental toxicology uses
concentration units to represent
a dose
DOSE
Lethal Dose 50 (LD50)
 To describe toxic effect, toxicologists use the
symbol LD50, which is “A statistically derived dose
at which 50% of the individuals will be expected to
die”
 Used to compare the toxicities of different
chemicals
 Harmful effect in an organism
Acute through a single or short term
exposure

Types of
Toxicity Ability of a substance or a
mixture of subsances to
cause harmful effects over
an extended period,
Chronic usually upon repeated or
continuous exposure,
sometimes lasting for the
entire life of the exposed
organism
 Toxic Response
Def. Reaction to a toxicant

Classificated by:
Location

Local Systemic Both

Time

Inmediate Delayed Both