OSH

MANAGEMENT
Prepared by:
-MUHAMMAD KAMAL AHMAD
-Centre of Studies for Construction Studies
UiTM Shah Alam.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
 Managing OSH effectively is one of those statutory obligations
that need to be given appropriate considerations by all
employers.
 A business without an effective OSH management system in
place is extremely vulnerable to the cost of liability and lost
working hours resulting from accidents at work.
 To meet the legislative requirements employers and self
employed person should establish ways to manage safety and
health issues that may arise at the workplace.
 In particular, they must take a systematic approach to the
prevention of injuries, the management of workplace risks and
the management of injuries.
 This could be achieved by formulating, establishing and
implementing a effective OSH Management System at
Workplace.
…success of OSHMS

The success of an OSH

management system depends
not on the guidelines or standard
system selected but more on the
way they are used, in particular
on the way the safety policy is
implemented.
2.0 WHAT IS AN
OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
 OSH Management System is a process of
planning, organising, leading and
controlling, and where relevant, staffing, to
enable proactive accident prevention
programme to be planned and executed
effectively with the aim to create and develop
safe working environment whilst achieving
organisational goals in the conduct of the day
business of the organisation. (CIDB 2010)
Other Definition…..
 An OSH management system is a tool combining people, policies
and resources. It aims at improving a business’ occupational health
and safety performance, making for better organisation and
continual improvement within the company by ensuring that OSH
matters are integrated across the organisation.

 Adopting this kind of system is a signal that the company is taking

an integrated approach to the prevention of occupational risks. It is a
choice that specifically sets out to:
 Anticipate change,
 Improve business responsiveness and performance in OSH
 Reduce OSH failures
 Ensure overall consistency with other management policies.

It contributes to improving the organisation’s image
 2.1 The need for a Management System

 To follow global trends and practices in managing

any loss potential issues such as quality,
environment, health & safety, security, etc.
 To maintain consistency on OSH practices and
controlling work place hazards
 To take advantage of the opportunity for continual
improvement initiatives
 To integrate several issues into a single system that
includes quality, security, environment, health &
safety, etc.
 Accident statistics has reached a plateau

6
 2.2 Objectives of OSHMS

Introduction
Introduction of
of an
an
OSHMS
OSHMS

Integration
Integration of
of Promotion
Promotion of
of Voluntary
Voluntary
Management Preemptive
Preemptive Safety
Safety and
and Responses
Management Health Measures Responses
Health Measures
Establishment
Establishmentof
ofaa Elimination Enforce/reinforce
Enforce/reinforcesystem
systemand
and
company-wide promotion
company-wide promotion Eliminationororreduction
reductionof
of effective autonomous
potential hazards
potential hazards effective autonomous
system
system activities
activities

Further
Further Decline
Decline in
in Industrial
Industrial
Accidents
Accidents

Elevate
Elevate standard
standard of
of Safety
Safety
and
and Health
Health
7
 2.3 Evolution in OSHMS Development
-- British
British Standard
Standard on
on OH&S
OH&S Management
Management System
System –– BS
BS 8800:1996
8800:1996
-- OHSAS
OHSAS 18001:1999
18001:1999 –– Occupational
Occupational Health
Health &
& Safety
Safety Assessment
Assessment
UK Series
Series

ILO ILO
ILO Guidelines
Guidelines on
on OSH
OSH Management
Management System
System –– ILO
ILO OSH
OSH 2001
2001

Issued
Issued by
by Standards
Standards Australia
Australia and
and Standards
Standards New
New Zealand
Zealand ––
AUS/NZ AS/NZS
AS/NZS 4801,
4801, 4804:1997
4804:1997 on
on OHSMS
OHSMS general
general guidelines
guidelines on
on
principles,
principles, systems
systems and
and supporting
supporting techniques.
techniques.
-- OSHA,
OSHA, Federal
Federal Register,
Register, 12/4/1988;
12/4/1988; Voluntary
Voluntary Protection
Protection
Programme
US Programme
-- AIHA
AIHA ohsms
ohsms 96/3/26,
96/3/26, released
released occupational
occupational health
health and
and safety
safety
management
management system
system guidelines
guidelines

OSH
OSH Management
Management System
System MS
MS 1722
1722 :: 2004
2004 –– based
based
Malaysia
on
on ILO
ILO OSH
OSH 2001
2001
8
..evolution of OSH-MS
• After the successful of ISO 9000 series and ISO
14000 series,
• 1996, Discussed at an ISO International Workshop
on OSH-MS Standardization – standard should
under ILO,
• 1999, OHSAS 18001:1999 has been developed by
an association of national standards and certification
bodies, from BS 8800:1996,
• 2001, Guideline on OSH MS (ILO-OSH 2001) has
being published by the ILO,
• 2004, ILO-OSHMS was adopted by Malaysia as its
own standards named as MS 1722:2004 OSH MS-
Guidelines.
A. OHSAS 18001: 1999

OHSAS : OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, SAFETY ASSESSMENT

SERIES
EVOLUTION OF OHSAS 18001:1999
• After the successful of ISO 9000 series and ISO
14000 series,
• 1996, Discussed at an ISO International Workshop
on OSH-MS Standardization – standard should
under ILO,
• 1999, OHSAS 18001:1999 has been developed by
an association of national standards and certification
bodies, from BS 8800:1996.
• Latest version; OHSAS 18001:2007
B. OSH MS 1722: 2004

OSH : OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH,

MS : MALAYSIA STANDARD
EVOLUTION OF MS 1722:2007

• 2001, Guideline on OSH MS (ILO-OSH 2001) has being

published by the ILO,
• 2003, ILO-OSH was adopted by Malaysia as its own standards
named as MS 1722:2004 OSH MS-Guidelines.
• Based on OSHA 1994, Malaysia Law
• Latest version MS 1722:2007
3.0 MALAYSIA’S LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK ON OSH-MS

Under OSHA Act 1994, Part IV, Section 15; duty and responsibility of
every employer and self-employed
To ensure so far as practicable, the safety, health and welfare at work of all
employees
• maintain the plant and system of work that are so far as practicable, safe and
without risk to health
• so far as practicable to ensure safety and absence of risks to health –
operation, handling etc
• so far as practicable, the provision such as information, training and
supervision to ensure so far as practicable, safety & health
• so far as practicable, to maintain safe working environment
• so far as practicable, as regards any place of work should be safe and without
risks to health

Regulation 19, OSHA, 1994 - Fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit (RM 50,000)
or to imprisonment for the term not exceeding two years or both
Duties of Employees
Section 24, OSHA 1994 General duties of Employees
• Maintain a safe and healthy working environment
• Keep work area clean and safe at all times
• Stay informed of safety and health issues
• Observe and comply with all established safety and health
requirements
• Understand and follow safety and health guidelines included in
work instructions
• Keep aisles, exits and emergency equipment clear of
obstructions
Regulation 24(1), OSHA, 1994 - Fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit
(RM1,000) or to imprisonment for the term not exceeding two years or both
4.0 PRINCIPLES OF AN
OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
 Based upon the principles of Plan, Do, Check
and Act (PDCA)
4.1 Characteristics of OSHMS

1. Autonomous System of the PDCA Cycle

2. Contain Management Directives,

Procedures and Record Keeping

3. Identification of potential hazards

4. Organisation-wide promotion activities

15
CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT

16
5.0 DEVELOPING AN
OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
STAGE ACTIVITIES
1 Planning, a) Meeting with management and others to
Commitment & get support and commitment.
Initial Review b) Conduct Initial Review and Gap Analysis C
PLAN c) Formulate Action Plan
O
2 Policy a) Formulate & Develop an OHS Policy N
b) Define Objective & Goals S
3 Procedures a) Develop specific procedures that explain U
the activities needed to be performed). L
b) Implement Document Control System T
4 Training a) The policies and procedures must be put in A
DO place T
b) This will be achieved through in-house or I
external training O
5 Implementing a) Implement policies and procedures. N
 STAGE ACTIVITIES
6 Monitoring, a) Once the stages are implemented, monitor C
CHECK Audit & Review and audit (check) policies and procedures are O
being followed. N
7 Corrective a) On completion of an audit, develop new S
Action / action plans to improve any deficiencies U
Improvement found in the system. L
Plan
ACTION T
8 Continuous a) All parts of the system need to be reviewed A
Improvement regularly to make sure it is being kept up T
with legislative changes and industry best T
practice
O
N
6.0 KEY ELEMENTS IN OSH MANAGEMENT
–

ILO Guidelines on OSH Management System –

ILO OSH 2001
Elements on Deming Wheel (PDCA)
These elements are
namely;
i. Policy,
ii. Organizing,
iii. Planning and
implementation,
iv. Evaluation, and
v. Action for
improvement
Deming Wheel
5 main elements of OSH MS

Continual
Improvement

Policy
Policy

Organizing
Organizing
Action
Action
For
For
Improvement
Improvement Planning
Planning&&
Implementation
Implementation

Evaluation
Evaluation
1. Policy
 Ocuptional safety and health policy
 Worker participation
2. Organizing
 Responsibility and accountability
 Competence and training
 Occupational safety and health management system
documentation
 Communication
3. Planning and implementation
 Initial review
 System planning, development and implementation
 Occupational safety and health objectives
  Hazard prevention
 Prevention and control measures
 Management of change
 Emergency prevention, preparedness and response
 Procurement
 Contracting
4. Evaluation
 Performance monitoring and measurement
 Investigation of work-related injuries, ill health, diseases and
incidents, and their impact on safety and health performance
 Audit
 Management review
5. Action for improvement
 Preventive and corrective action
 Continual improvement
 DETALIS OF EACH KEY ELEMENTS REFER TO:

 ILO OSHMS: 2001

6.1 Policy
i. Policy
 The employer, in consultation with workers and their representatives,
should set out in writing an OSH policy, which should be:
(a) specific to the organization and appropriate to its size and
the nature of its activities

(b) concise, clearly written, dated and made effective by the

signature or endorsement of the employer or the most
senior accountable person in the organization

(c) communicated & readily accessible to all persons at their

place of work

(d) reviewed for continuing suitability

(e) made available to relevant external interested parties, as

appropriate.
…example….

COMPANY’S HEALTH & SAFETY POLICY

 The company regard health and safety at all its construction sites as a
matter of priority and to this end will ensure that its site office,
suppliers and subcontractors take the following measure :-
 To provide a safe and healthy working environments to all persons at site.
 Comply at all times with prevailing statutory Health and Safety
requirements, including the Company’s Health & Safety Manual.
 To promote and instill health and safety awareness to an extent that such
regulation will in time become a cultural practice at sites.

 With this, it is expected that Projects Leaders shall take the lead to
ensure strict compliances down the line.
______________________________
RAJA AZLAN BIN RAJA SULAIMAN
Managing Director
 Example of Safety Policy
MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES
Safety and Health Policy Statement

We are dedicated to providing a safe and healthful environment for employees and customers, protecting the
public, and preserving MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES assets and property.

At MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES our most valuable resource are the people who work for us. Injuries can be
prevented, INSYAALLAH. To achieve this objective, MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES will make all
reasonable efforts to comply with all government regulations pertaining to safety and health issues. An
effective Safety and Health Program will be carried out throughout our organization.

The Safety and Health Program will assist management and non-supervisory employees in controlling hazards
and risks which will minimize employee and customer injuries, damage to customer’s property and damage
or destruction of MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES property.

All employees will follow this program. This program is designed to encourage all employees to promote the
safety of their fellow employees and customers. To accomplish our safety and health goals, all members of
management are responsible and accountable for implementing this policy, and to insure it is followed.

MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES is sincerely interested in the employee’s safety. The policy of MWA
CONSULTANCY SERVICES is to provide safe equipment, adequate tools and training, and the necessary
protective equipment. It is the employee’s responsibility to follow the rules of safety as established for their
protection and the protection of others, and to use the protective devices, which MWA CONSULTANCY
SERVICES provides.
ii. Worker Participation

 Worker participation is an essential element of the OSH management

system in the organization.

 The employer should ensure that workers and their safety and health
representatives are consulted, informed and trained on all aspects of
OSH, including emergency arrangements, associated with their work.

 The employer should make arrangements for workers and their safety
and health representatives to have the time and resources to participate
actively in the processes of organizing, planning and implementation,
evaluation and action for improvement of the OSH management
system.

 The employer should ensure, as appropriate, the establishment and

efficient functioning of a safety and health committee and the
recognition of workers' safety and health representatives, in accordance
with national laws and practice.
6.2 Organizing
i. Responsibility and accountability

 The employer should have overall responsibility for the

protection of workers' safety and health, and provide
leadership for OSH activities in the organization.

 The employer and senior management should allocate

responsibility, accountability and authority for the
development, implementation and performance of the
OSH management system and the achievement of the
relevant OSH objectives.
 Structures and processes should be established which:

(a) ensure that OSH is a line-management responsibility which is

known and accepted at all levels

(b) define and communicate to the members of the organization the

responsibility, accountability and authority of persons who
identify, evaluate or control OSH hazards and risks

(c) provide effective supervision, as necessary, to ensure the

protection of workers' safety and health

(d) promote cooperation and communication among members of the

organization, including workers and their representatives, to
implement the elements of the organization's OSH management
system

(e) fulfill the principles of OSH management systems contained in

relevant national guidelines, tailored guidelines or voluntary
program, as appropriate, to which the organization subscribes;
(f) establish and implement a clear OSH policy and measurable
objectives;

(g) establish effective arrangements to identify and eliminate or

control work-related hazards and risks, and promote health
at work

(h) establish prevention and health promotion program

(i) ensure effective arrangements for the full participation of

workers and their representatives in the fulfillment of the
OSH policy;

(j) provide appropriate resources to ensure that persons

responsible for OSH, including the safety and health
committee, can perform their functions properly

(k) ensure effective arrangements for the full participation of

workers and their representatives in safety and health
committees, where they exist.
ii. Competence and training
 The necessary OSH competence requirements
should be defined by the employer, and
arrangements established and maintained to
ensure that all persons are competent to carry out
the safety and health aspects of their duties and
responsibilities.

 The employer should have, or should have access

to, sufficient OSH competence to identify and
eliminate or control work-related hazards and risks,
and to implement the OSH management system.
iii. Occupational safety and health management system
documentation.
 According to the size and nature of activity of the organization, OSH
management system documentation should be established and
maintained, and may cover.

(a) the OSH policy and objectives of the organization

(b)the allocated key OSH management roles an responsibilities for

the implementation of the OSH management system

(c) the significant OSH hazards/risks arising from the

organization's activities, and the arrangements for their
prevention and control

(d)arrangements, procedures, instructions or other internal

documents used within the framework of the OSH
management system.
iv. Communication
 Arrangements and procedures should be established
and maintained for:
(a) receiving, documenting and responding appropriately to internal
and external communications related to OSH

(b) ensuring the internal communication of OSH information

between relevant levels and functions of the organization

(c) ensuring that the concerns, ideas and inputs of workers and their
representatives on OSH matters are received, considered and
responded to.
6.3 Planning and Implementation
i. Initial Review
 The initial review should be carried out by competent persons, in consultation with
workers and/or their representatives, as appropriate.
It should:
(a) identify the current applicable national laws and regulations, national guidelines,
tailored guidelines, voluntary program and other requirements to which the
organization subscribes

(b) identify, anticipate and assess hazards and risks to safety and health arising from
the existing or proposed work environment and work organization

(c) determine whether planned or existing controls are adequate to eliminate hazards
or control risks

(d) analyze the data provided from workers' health surveillance.

 The result of the initial review should:

(a) be documented;

(b) become the basis for making decisions regarding the implementation of the OSH
management system

(c) provide a baseline from which continual improvement of the organization's OSH
management system can be measured.
ii. System planning, development and implementation
 The purpose of planning should be to create an OSH
management system that supports
(a) as the minimum, compliance with national laws and
regulations

(b) the elements of the organization's OSH management

system

(c) continual improvement in OSH performance

iii. Occupational safety and health objectives
 Consistent with the OSH policy and based on the initial or subsequent
reviews, measurable OSH objectives should be established, which are:
(a) specific to the organization, and appropriate to and
according to its size and nature of activity

(b) consistent with the relevant and applicable national laws

and regulations, and the technical and business obligations
of the organization with regard to OSH

(c) focused towards continually improving workers' OSH

protection to achieve the best OSH performance

(d) realistic and achievable

(e) documented, and communicated to all relevant functions

and levels of the organization

(f) periodically evaluated and if necessary updated.

iv. Hazard prevention
 Prevention and control measures
 Hazards and risks to workers' safety and health should be identified
and assessed on an ongoing basis. Preventive and protective
measures should be implemented in the following order of priority:
(a) eliminate the hazard/risk

(b)control the hazard/risk at source, through the use of

engineering controls or organizational measures

(c)minimize the hazard/risk by the design of safe work systems,

which include administrative control measures

(d)where residual hazards/risks cannot be controlled by collective

measures, the employer should provide for appropriate
personal protective equipment, including clothing, at no cost,
and should implement measures to ensure its use and
maintenance.
 Management of change
 The impact on OSH of internal changes (such as those in staffing or
due to new processes, working procedures, organizational structures
or acquisitions) and of external changes (for example, as a result of
amendments of national laws and regulations, organizational
mergers, and developments in OSH knowledge and technology)
should be evaluated and appropriate preventive steps taken prior to
the introduction of changes.

 A workplace hazard identification and risk assessment should be

carried out before any modification or introduction of new work
methods, materials, processes or machinery. Such assessment should
be done in consultation with and involving workers and their
representatives, and the safety and health committee, where
appropriate.

 The implementation of a "decision to change" should ensure that all

affected members of the organization are properly informed and
trained.
 Emergency prevention, preparedness and response
• Emergency prevention, preparedness and response arrangements should be
established and maintained. These arrangements should identify the
potential for accidents and emergency situations, and address the prevention
of OSH risks associated with them. The arrangements should be made
according to the size and nature of activity of the organization.
• They should:
(a) ensure that the necessary information, internal communication and
coordination are provided to protect all people in the event of an
emergency at the worksite
(b) provide information to, and communication with, the relevant competent
authorities, and the neighborhood and emergency response services
(c) address first-aid and medical assistance, firefighting and evacuation of all
people at the worksite
(d) provide relevant information and training to all members of the
organization, at all levels, including regular exercises in emergency
prevention, preparedness and response procedures

• Emergency prevention, preparedness and response arrangements should be

established in cooperation with external emergency services and other bodies
where applicable.
 Procurement
• Procedures should be established and maintained to ensure
that:
(a) compliance with safety and health requirements for the
organization is identified, evaluated and incorporated into
purchasing and leasing specifications

(b) national laws and regulations and the organization's own

OSH requirements are identified prior to the procurement
of goods and services

(c) arrangements are made to achieve conformance to the

requirements prior to their use.
 Contracting
Arrangements for contractors working on site should:
(a) include OSH criteria in procedures for evaluating and selecting
contractors
(b) establish effective ongoing communication and coordination
between appropriate levels of the organization and the contractor
prior to commencing work. This should include provisions for
communicating hazards and the measures to prevent and control
them
(c) include arrangements for reporting of work-related injuries, ill
health, diseases and incidents among the contractors' workers while
performing work for the organization;
(d) provide relevant workplace safety and health hazard awareness
and training to contractors or their workers prior to commencing
work and as work progresses, as necessary
(e) regularly monitor OSH performance of contractor activities on site
(f) ensure that on-site OSH procedures and arrangements are
followed by the contractor(s).
6.4 Evaluation
i. Performance monitoring and measurement
 Procedures to monitor, measure and record OSH
performance on a regular basis should be developed,
established and periodically reviewed. Responsibility,
accountability and authority for monitoring at different
levels in the management structure should be allocated.

 The selection of performance indicators should be

according to the size and nature of activity of the
organization and the OSH objectives.
 Both qualitative and quantitative measures
appropriate to the needs of the organization
should be considered. These should:
(a) be based on the organization's identified
hazards and
risks, the commitments in the OSH policy and
the OSH objectives

(b) support the organization's evaluation process,

including the management review.
ii. Investigation of work-related injuries, ill health, diseases and incidents,
and their impact on safety and health performance
 The investigation of the origin and underlying causes of work-related injuries, ill
health, diseases and incidents should identify any failures in the OSH
management system and should be documented.

 Such investigations should be carried out by competent persons, with the

appropriate participation of workers and their representatives.

 The results of such investigations should be communicated to the safety and

health committee, where it exists, and the committee should make appropriate
recommendations.

 The results of investigations, in addition to any recommendations from the safety

and health committee, should be communicated to appropriate persons for
corrective action, included in the management review and considered for
continual improvement activities.

 The corrective action resulting from such investigations should be implemented in

order to avoid repetition of work-related injuries, ill health, diseases and incidents.

 Reports produced by external investigative agencies, such as inspectorates and

social insurance institutions, should be acted upon in the same manner as internal
investigations, taking into account issues of confidentiality.
iii. Audit
Arrangements to conduct periodic audits are to be
established in order to determine whether the OSH
management system and its elements are in place,
adequate, and effective in protecting the safety and health
of workers and preventing incidents.
An audit policy and program should be developed, which
includes a designation of auditor competency, the audit
scope, the frequency of audits, audit methodology and
reporting.
The audit includes an evaluation of the organization's OSH
management system elements or a subset of these, as
appropriate.
 The audit should cover:
(a) OSH policy
(b) worker participation
(c) responsibility and accountability
(d) competence and training
(e) OSH management system documentation
(f) communication
(g) system planning, development and implementation
(h) prevention and control measures
(i) management of change
(j) emergency prevention, preparedness and response
(k) procurement
(l) contracting
(m) performance monitoring and measurement;
(n) investigation of work-related injuries, ill health,
diseases and incidents, and their impact on safety
and health performance
(o) audit
(p) management review
(q) preventive and corrective action
(r) continual improvement
(s) any other audit criteria or elements that may be
appropriate.
 The audit conclusion should determine whether the
implemented OSH management system elements or a
subset of these:

 are effective in meeting the organization's OSH policy and

objectives
 are effective in promoting full worker participation
 respond to the results of OSH performance evaluation
and previous audits
 enable the organization to achieve compliance with
relevant national laws and regulations
 fulfill the goals of continual improvement and best OSH
practice.
 Audits should be conducted by competent persons
internal or external to the organization who are
independent of the activity being audited.

 The audit results and audit conclusions should be

communicated to those responsible for corrective
action.

 Consultation on selection of the auditor and all stages

of the workplace audit, including analysis of results,
are subject to worker participation, as appropriate.
iv. Management Review
Management reviews should:
(a) evaluate the overall strategy of the OSH management system to
determine whether it meets planned performance objectives

(b) evaluate the OSH management system's ability to meet the overall needs
of the organization and its stakeholders, including its workers and the
regulatory authorities

(c) evaluate the need for changes to the OSH management system, including
OSH policy and objectives

(d) identify what action is necessary to remedy any deficiencies in a timely

manner, including adaptations of other aspects of the organization's
management structure and performance measurement

(e) provide the feedback direction, including the determination of priorities,

for meaningful planning and continual improvement

(f) evaluate progress towards the organization's OSH objectives and

corrective action activities

(g) evaluate the effectiveness of follow-up actions from earlier management

reviews.
6.5 Action for Improvement
i. Preventive and corrective action
 Arrangements should be established and maintained for preventive
and corrective action resulting from OSH management system
performance monitoring and measurement, OSH management
system audits and management reviews. These arrangements should
include:
(a) identifying and analyzing the root causes of any non-conformities
with relevant OSH regulations and/or OSH management systems
arrangements

(b) initiating, planning, implementing, checking the effectiveness of

and documenting corrective and preventive action, including
changes to the OSH management system itself.

 When the evaluation of the OSH management system or other

sources show that preventive and protective measures for hazards
and risks are inadequate or likely to become inadequate, the
measures should be addressed according to the recognized hierarchy
of prevention and control measures, and completed and documented,
as appropriate and in a timely manner.
ii. Continual improvement
 Arrangements should be established and maintained for the continual improvement
of the relevant elements of the OSH management system and the system as a
whole. These arrangements should take into account:

(a) the OSH objectives of the organization

(b) the results of hazard and risk identifications and assessments

(c) the results of performance monitoring and measurements

(d) the investigation of work-related injuries, diseases, ill health and incidents, and
the results and recommendations of audits

(e) the outcomes of the management review

(f) the recommendations for improvement from all members of the organization,
including the safety and health committee, where it exists

(g) changes in national laws and regulations, voluntary program and collective
agreements

(h) new relevant information

(i) the results of health protection and promotion program

 The safety and health processes and performance of the organization should be
compared with others in order to improve health and safety performance.
7.0 ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF OSH-
MS
To be effective, successful, sustainable and ongoing it must contain
the following features :
Visible management commitment to safety
Sound safety policy
Safety to be a line management responsibility
Competent safety advisers
High, well understood, safety standards
Techniques to measure safety performance
Realistic safety targets and objects
Audits of safety standards and practices
Effective safety training
Thorough investigation and follow-up of injuries & incidents
Effective motivation and communication
 7.1 Management Commitment
1. ensure that OSH is a line-management responsibility,
which is known and accepted at all levels;
2. define and communicate to the members of the
organisation the responsibility, accountability and authority
of persons who identify, evaluate or control OSH hazards
and risks;
3. provide effective supervision, as necessary, to ensure the
protection of employees' safety and health;
4. promote cooperation and communication among members
of the organisation, including workers and their
representatives, to implement the elements of the
organisation's OSH management system;
5. fulfil the principles of OSH management systems
contained in relevant national guidelines or voluntary
programmes, as appropriate, to which the organisation
subscribes;
6. establish and implement a clear OSH policy and
measurable objectives;
7. establish effective arrangements to identify and eliminate
or control work-related hazards and risks, and promote
health at work;
8. establish prevention and health promotion programmes;
9. ensure effective arrangements for the full participation of
employees and their representatives in the fulfilment of
the OSH policy;
10.provide appropriate resources to ensure that persons
responsible for OSH, including the safety and health
committee, can perform their functions properly; and
11. ensure effective arrangements for the full participation of
workers and their representatives in safety and health
committees, where they exist.
7.2 Worker Participation
There are many ways that workers can and should participate
in OSH-MS activities. IOHA suggests that representatives
should be actively involved in:

i. Emergency Preparedness,
ii. Task Analysis,
iii. Safety Assessments,
iv. Evaluation and revision of standard operating procedures
(SOPs) and work instructions Training programs, and
v. Evaluations or audits.
a. Active member in:
i. Safety & Health Committee
ii. Emergency Response/Volunteer Fire Fighting Team
iii. First Aid Team
iv. Housekeeping Inspection Team
v. HIRARC/JSA Team
vi. Internal Audit Team
b. Campaign and Program;
i. Safety and Health Week or Month
ii. Fire Drill / Chemical Spillage Drill / etc.
iii. Awareness Campaign / Exhibition / Display
iv. No Smoking Day
v. Zero Accident Competition (Monthly, Quarterly or Yearly)
vi. Inter Department Housekeeping Competition
vii. Gotong-royong
viii. Employee of the month (to include Safety criteria)
ix. Contests and competitions
x. Newsletter/Bulletin
xi. Safety message through gifts, souvenirs, etc.
c. Active as an individual in taking part of;
i. Safety and Health Contests/Competitions
• Slogan, Logo & Poster Drawing Competition
• Spot the Unsafe Acts & Unsafe Conditions in
Picture
ii. Safety and Health Quiz
iii. Safety Suggestion Competition
iv. Reporting of Hazards, Unsafe Conditions, etc.
v. Personal Health Monitoring / Medical Check Up
vi. Blood Donation Campaign
 8.0 OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia

 OSHA 94 requirements include elements of OSH MS such as

safety policy, organisation, and training, but as it is worded in
legal terms, it does not provide for the step by step approach to
form a complete Management System
 Thus, in order for the companies to comply with the law, there is
a need for a structured format such as provided by OSH MS for
implementation
 In general, the development of OSH programs and activities are
very much driven by legal requirements (the Act, Regulations or
Code of Practice) – Program Approach

64
 However, large companies already implement some form of OSH
MS, e.g. PSMS in the oil and gas industries, but here, it is
specific to the nature of the industry.
 In other words, most of the industries are still dependant on
government or regulators in managing their safety and health
 The OSH-MS assists industries to manage safety and health at
the workplace based on the system approach (Plan-Do-Check-
Act concept) with the OSH legal requirements forming the
framework of the OSH-MS
 The systematic OSH approach for continual improvement with
the commitment and leadership of top management and active
participation of employees provide the basis for ‘self-regulation’
embraced by the OSH Act 1994
 There is an increasing demand from developed countries to
incorporate safety and health as part of business/trade
requirements
65
 OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia

OSH Program
Approach
e.g. machinery inspection
System
Safety Committee Approach –
CHRA
Medical surveillance
OSHMS

System approach is holistic in the sense that it helps to

identify all relevant input and requirements, and then
creates a framework of procedures to ensure that
compliance is comprehensive and consistently achieved.

66
OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia

Other Business
FMA Processes
 Quality
1967  Environment
 Productivity
OSHA
1994

67
9.0 SURVEY of OSHMS EFFORTS (DOSH 2004)

Results from survey on 310 businesses – 2004.

To date – more than 150 organisations have voluntarily
established OSHMS in Malaysia according to several standards
such as OHSAS 18001 and MS-1722.

68
 Requirements that Help Facilitate Introduction

Incentives for workplaces that

have completed introduction 29.00%
Guidance and support from
specialists 18.70%
Outside services such as
training courses 22.30%
Certification services 12.30%
Publication of statistics that
show accident reductions, etc. 22.30%
Statistical charts on the state of
introductions 11.90%
Provision of examples of
introduction results at other
companies
52.30%
Other 20.70%
Source : Survey 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
69
 Results from OSHMS Introduction
Responses from 44 companies that had completed introduction

Heightened safety and health

levels 79.50%
Reduced dangers and
hazards at workplaces 65.90%
Reduced industrial accidents
and near misses 22.70%
Continuous and consecutive
health and safety 75.00%
management
Increased external credibility
15.90%
Easier business dealings
0.00%
Improved relationship with
labor union 0.00%
Other
9.10%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

70
 10.0 OSHMS IN NATIONAL
CONSTRUCTION
SAFETY
MASTERPLAN
 Provide a comprehensive framework for to enhance safety
and health at the construction site
 This plan was developed based on tripartite involvement
 One of the thrust of the framework is for the
construction industry to implement OSH MS system at
the workplace with emphasis on DIY approach.
 Companies that has successfully implemented the OSH
MS will be given recognition, and given priority in securing
government projects for the start.

71
11.0 VOLUNTARY INITIATIVES IN
PROMOTING OSHMS

 Mentor-mentee program
 NGOs e.g. MSOSH, CICM, MTUC, MEF
creating awareness for OSH MS
implementation
 Contractor Safety Passport System
 OSH in Schools

72
12.0 CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
(CSF)
 VISION +
Mission, Vision
 URGENCY +
 CAPABILITY + St r a
teg
ic Plan
 INCENTIVE + s
CSF
 RESOURCES +
 ACTION PLAN =
OBJECTIVES
 SUCCESS
But Health and Safety is a Journey. ce
Key forman
You may pass some milestones, but Per ex
you never arrive at a Ind
destination.
73
 12.1 Obstacles in OSHMS Introduction
1. Perspective
There is high resistance to the effort to
introduce OSH MS due to the perception of
OSH MS being completely new and
untested.
3. Method of Introduction
Few examples/information about companies
already implementing the system.
Not knowing the proper approach on how to
introduce the system.
Need for guidelines that small and medium
sized companies can use.
Few training courses on system
implementation/operation available.
2. System/Costs
Difficulty in developing the system.
Difficulty in educating/securing personnel to
start the system.
Inability to secure a budget.
High costs, such as for training.
4. Effects & Motivation
Current management system is deemed
sufficiently effective.
Top management lack intention to introduce
the system.
Top management not convinced whether
OSH MS will be effective.
74
12.2 Benefits of OSHMS
1. Prevention of industrial incidents through elimination of potential
hazards.
2. Elevating the level of health and safety awareness with continual
improvement in the implementation of OSHMS.
3. Effective management of health and safety through clarification of
roles and responsibilities, procedures and documentation.
4. Creation of a workplace where employees can work without
anxiety, with the establishment of a safer and healthier work
environment.
5. Recognition by society as a company that is free of industrial
incidents.
6. Reduction of unnecessary losses through reduction of industrial
incidents.

75
13.0 CONCLUSION OSH MS : the
holistic approach
• Behaviour Based
safety
• Kiken Yochi
MAN Training

• Safe design
• Guarding
• Chemicals
• Noise

OSH MS

WORKING
MACHINE ENVIRONMENT
(MEDIA)
P
O
P
E
A 76
THANK YOU
TEST
3
 1.0 WHAT IS AN
OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
 OSH Management System is a process
of…………………..,………………,……………..
and………………….., and where relevant,
………………………, to enable proactive accident
prevention programme to be planned and
executed effectively with the aim to create and
develop safe working environment whilst
achieving organisational goals in the conduct of
the day business of the organisation. (CIDB 2010)
 2.0 Objectives of OSHMS

Introduction
Introduction of
of an
an
OSHMS
OSHMS

………………………………
……………………………… ……………………………
……………………………
………………………………
……………………………… ………………………………
……………………………… ……………………………
……………………………
Establishment
………………………………
………………………………
Establishmentof
ofaa Enforce/reinforce
Enforce/reinforcesystem
systemand
and
company-wide
company-widepromotion
promotion Elimination
Eliminationororreduction
reductionof
of effective autonomous
system effective autonomous
system potential hazards
potential hazards activities
activities

…………………………………
…………………………………
…………………………………
…………………………………

………………………………
………………………………
……………………………….
……………………………….
80
3.0 LIST THE PRINCIPLES OF AN
OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
 ………………………………………..
 ………………………………………..
 ………………………………………..
 ………………………………………..
4.0 DEVELOPING AN
OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
STAGE ACTIVITIES
1 …………………… a) Meeting with management and others to
…………………… get support and commitment. C
…………………… b) Conduct Initial Review and Gap Analysis O
PLAN …………………… c) Formulate Action Plan N
. S
2 …………………… a) Formulate & Develop an OHS Policy U
. b) Define Objective & Goals L
T
3 …………………... a) Develop specific procedures that explain
A
the activities needed to be performed).
T
b) Implement Document Control System
T
4 …………………… a) The policies and procedures must be put in O
DO place N
b) This will be achieved through in-house or
external training
5 …………………… a) Implement policies and procedures.
.
 STAGE ACTIVITIES
6 …………………… a) Once the stages are implemented, monitor C
CHECK ………………….. and audit (check) policies and procedures are O
being followed. N
7 …………………… a) On completion of an audit, develop new S
…………………… action plans to improve any deficiencies U
…………………… found in the system. L
……………………
ACTION T
8 …………………… a) All parts of the system need to be reviewed A
…………………… regularly to make sure it is being kept up T
…………………… with legislative changes and industry best T
…………………… practice
O
N
5.0 BRIEFLY EXPLAIN KEY ELEMENTS IN
OSH MANAGEMENT BASED ON THE ILO
GUIDELINES ON OSH MS (ILO OSH 2001)

ILO Guidelines on OSH Management System – ILO OSH 2001