Outline

Introduction
Overfishing
Type of Overfishing
Management
Problems
Recommendations
introduction
The Omani abalone is a marine shellfish animal known to
scientist as Haliotis mariae.
It’s located in the southern costs of Oman in 200 Km long
cost line extending from Mirbat to Shwaimiah.
The number of abalone catch steadily declines

= Overfishing
Distribution
Most abalones are found off the Southern Hemisphere
coasts of
• New Zealand
• South Africa
• Australia
and off the Northern Hemisphere coasts of
Western North America
• Japan
Types of Overfishing
Growth Overfishing
= harvest fish when they are too small

Recruitment Overfishing
= reduction of reproductive adult population
 Value s (1000 R.O)in Oman
Crus tacean Abalone
Sharks s 5%
Rays & 12%
Large
6% pelagic
38%
Dem ers al
17% s m all
pelagic
22%

Total value s (1000 R.O) in Dhofar

large pelagic
12%
abalone small pelagic
34% 9%

demersal
crustaceans 27%
shark & rays
15% 3%
Production and value
The decline in landing is due to the decline in stock
for several reasons , including increase in price ,
increase in the number of , increase in
effort(introducing the speed boat), using flippers,
reducing access and fishing time in lobster fisheries,
high demand of haliotis mariae into the Asian
market , destruction of the abalone habitat through
wrong fishing practices , breaking the law .
Management
Royal ministerial decree 11/87: closed fishery from
first day of April to the last day of September every
year (open for 6 month).
Decree 4/91: in addition to 1 the size less than 9cm is
not allowed.
Decree 22/91 : abalone fished was closed for the all
year period.
Decree 128/98 season was opened again from 15 of
October to 14 of December(2 month)
Monitoring stock and landing
Fishery monitoring and record-keeping involves the
the department of fishries logbooks , landing site
visits and export permission certificates.
 the monitoring is done by collecting data from divers
through interviews and from landing and research
biological sampling.
Data collection system
The ministry of agriculture and fisheries supplies the
traders with logbooks and requires them to complete
them during the fishing season, then collect them at
the end of the season.
 the trader must provide data about catch weight
landed by each diver, price paid to the diver, fishing
site, plus other information about diving days, and
number of divers.
 The regulation and rules for the
traders
Get licenses for preparing storing and transporting
abalone.
Keep all the archives that illustrate the movement of buy
and sale during and after the season.
 Label the export abalone packages.
Submit the archives at the end of the season.
Don't buy the abalone from divers without licenses.
The regulation and rules for the
divers
Get applicable licenses of abalone fisheries.
Never work outside the season.
3 tones of abalone outside the season → 75,000 R.O.
3 tones of abalone during the season → 150,000 R.O.
Never catch the under size abalone (less than
90 mm)
1 kg of small abalone → 5 R.O.
1 kg of big abalone → 50 R.O.
Problems on abalone management
Lack of information
 lack of effective enforcement of the law
 lack of communication between management
authority and the resource user groups
 lack of job opportunities
 lack of educations
Recommendations
Fishing season need to be reduced.
Continued prohibitation of use of any kind of divig
gear.
Abalone habitat area that have been destroyed can be
improved during closing season.
Encouragement of investment in aquaculture abalone.
 Find markets for abalone shell.
 establishment of a more effective system of training
and education
 strong cooperation should be established between
fisheries authorities and government departments
TANK YOU…
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