Selection of bearings

Function of bearings:
 Support the loads exerted on the
shaft
 Locate the shaft in position

– Radially
– Axially
Type of bearings:

•Sliding contact bearings

•Rolling contact
bearings
Sliding contact bearings
W W

Hydraulic oil

Hydrodynami Hydrostatic
c bearings bearings
Rolling contact bearings:

• Ball bearings
Single row ball bearing
Double row ball bearing Self
alignment ball bearing
Angular contact ball bearing
Thrust ball bearing
• Roller contact bearings
Taper roller bearing
Straight roller bearing
Conical roller bearing
Concave roller bearing
Thrust roller bearing
Needle bearings
Ball bearing

Roller bearing
Spherical roller
thrust bearing
R
a Ball
d thrust
i Roller thrust
a bearing bearing
l
t
Classification of bearing load
 The loading on bearings can be
classified into three groups:

 Solely radial loading

 Solely axial loading

 Combined radial and axial loading

The Bearing series

Extra Light Medium Heavy

light
Standardisation of ball bearings :

• Series Designation
6309
• Light :
200 Bearing type
Bore diameter
• Medium: Series number
300
• Heavy :
400
Main parts of a typical ball bearing
Ball Ball retainer

Inner ring

Outer ring
Selection of ball bearings:

•The bearing must be of the series best suited

to the installation, in regard to both:
•capacity and
•dimensions.
•The type of bearing selected must be suitable for the
type of imposed load,
•radial,
•thrust or
•combined.
•The size of the bearing must be such as to give the
required length of service with sufficient assurance.
Selection of ball bearing
 Bearings have to resist some combination of radial
and thrust loads.
 Combined load must be reduced to an equivalent
radial load
 In general the equivalent load Fe may be computed by
the equation:
 Fe XF r YF
Type of bearing Y a X

Deep groove 1

Angular contact

Self aligning
Selection of ball bearing
 Experiments have shown that the life of a ball
bearing is a function of the load it
carries.
. Ln = ( CF ) d
3
e

– Cd: dynamic specific capacity of bearing.

– Ln: Life of bearing in millions of revolution.
– Fe : Equivalent load
 The above equation can be rewritten as
1/3
C
d = Fe L n
 Bearing life
Life in working
Class of machine hours

1
Instruments and apparatus that are used only seldom. Demonstration apparatus,
mechanisms for operating sliding doors
2 Aircraft engines 1000 - 2000

Machines used for short periods or intermittently and whose brake down would not
have serious consequences; hand tools, lifting tackles in workshops, hand operated
3 4000 - 8000
machines, generally agricultural machines, cranes in erecting shops, domestic
machines
Machines working intermittently and where breakdown would have serious
4 consequences. Auxiliary machines in power stations, conveyor plant for flow 8000 - 12000
production, lifts cranes for piece goods; machine tools used infrequently

5
Machine for use 8 hours per day and fully utilized: stationary electric motors, general 12000 - 20000
purpose gear units.

6
Machine for use 8 hours per day and fully utilized: machines for engineering industry 20000 - 30000
generally: cranes for bulk goods, ventilating fans, countershafts
Machines for continuous use 24 hours per day: Separators, compressors, pumps, mine
7 hoist, stationary electric machines, machines in continuous operations on board naval 40000 - 60000
ships
Machines required to work with high degree of reliability 24 hours per day: pulp and
8 paper machinery; public power plants, mine pumps, pumps in water works, machinery 100000 - 200000
in continuous operation on board merchant ships
 Factor of safety
Safety
factor, life
Safety factor, life of 5 to 10 years of 10 to
Load
conditions 20 years

Intermittent 10 hours per day Continuous Continuous

Steady load 0.5 ----- 1 1.5 2 3

Light shock 1 ------- 2 2.5 3 4
Moderate 2 ------- 3 3.5 4 5
shock
Severe shock 3-------- 4 4.5 5 6
Over-all dimensions of radial ball bearings
SAE Bore of inner race (d) Outside diameter D mm Width B (mm)
Bearing 200 300 400 200 300 400
Number mm in
series series series series series series

…… ……
…… ……
…… ……
Installation of ball bearings:
 The shaft must be designed to take the
inner ring (race)., see fig. (6.7)
 A suitable mounting must be
designed for the outer ring (race).
 Lubrication must be provided for the
bearing
 Methods of sealing the lubricant and
preventing penetration of foreign matter
must be provided.
Fastening ball bearing to a shaft
Example2
 A shaft is supported by two bearings. One of the
bearings carries a radial load of 1200 lb and an axial
load of 600 lb with minor shocks. The shaft runs at
230 rpm and operates 10 hours per day for 5 days per
week. Select a suitable ball bearing with a service
life of 2 years if the diameter of the shaft can be
varied between
16
3 1 5 and 3 1 inch.
2

Fr = 1200 lb
Fa = 500 lb
Minor shock
Speed = 230 rpm
Operating hours =10/day
Working days = 5/week
Years = 2
 SELECT FACTOR OF SAFETY
Factor of safety = 2.5
Fe = XFr+ Yfa Safety
factor, life
Load = 1.5 X 12Sa0f0ety+fa1ctXor6,l0if0e of 5 to 10
of 10 to
years 20 years
condit=io2nsfe
Service il 100 lb
TIy(npLteernmo)fitbteenatn
rig10hours CXontinuo
Continuous

Steady lo ad Deep0.5 -----groove11.5 us

1 2 3
Lner =
pY day
Light shock A1ngular-------contact2 3 4
Moderate2.5 3.5 4 5
S2elf- a-l-i-g-
shock
-in3g
Severe shock n3-------- 4 4.5 5 6
 3 15
16
<d< 31 inch 2

 101.01<d<88.9 mm
 From tables
 Select deep grove ball bearing

 SAE219 with dynamic capacity

17600
 Bore diameter = 95 mm
 Dissassebly

Assembly

Manufacturing

Thank You