Caterpillar 994F Wheel Loader: Venue Date

Caterpillar® 994F Wheel Loader
Name
Venue
Date
Overview
Current Model Line (Metric)
Total Field Population: 7,500 units of which 3,000 are working in mining applications
988H 990H 992K 993K 994F
Operating weight 50 213 kg 89 211 kg 97 704 kg 133 637 kg 193 779 kg

Flywheel power 354 kW 467.5 kW 597.3 kW 704.6 kW 1072 kW
Rated payload 11.4 tonnes 14.9 tonnes - 22.6 tonnes 34.5 tonnes
Dump clearance 3971 mm 4206 mm 4541 mm 4663 mm 5578 mm
Dump reach 1676 mm 1752 mm 2377 mm 2499 mm 2278 mm
6.4 – 6.9 8.4 – 9.1 10.7 – 12.2 12-14.5 14.0 – 19.0
Bucket size
m3 m3 m3 m3 m3
Breakout force 38 586 kg 62 209 kg 56 007 kg 72 318 kg 100 849 kg
Full turn static 26 968 kg 38 708 kg 47 870 71 942 kg 111 091 kg
tipping load (43o) (35o) kg(43o) (43o) (40o)
3
Current Model Line (English)
Total Field Population: 7,500 units of which 3,000 are working in mining applications
988H 990H 992K 993K 994F
Operating weight 109,230 lb 169,677 lbs 215,402 lb 294,800 lb 427,209 lb
Flywheel power 475 hp 627 hp 801 hp 945 hp 1438 hp
Rated payload 12.5 tons 16.5 tons - 25 tons 38.0 tons
Dump clearance 12.3 ft 13.8 ft 14.9 ft 15.3 ft 18.3 ft
Dump reach 4.9 ft 5.75 ft 7.8 ft 8.2 ft 7.5 ft

15.7 – 19 18.5 – 25.0
Bucket size 8.3 – 9.0 yd3 11 – 12 yd3 14 – 16 yd3
yd3 yd3
Breakout force 85,068 lb 137,148 lb 123,475 lb 159,562 lb 222,336 lb
Full turn static tipping 64,745 lb 85,338 lb 105,537 lb 158,607 lb 245,113 lb

load (43o) (35o) (43o) (43o) (40o)
4
994 Size Class Evolution (Metric)
(standard lift) 994F 994D 994A
Flywheel power 1072 kW 933 kW 933 kW
Operating weight 193 779 kg 191 244 kg 177 000 kg
Bucket capacity 19.0 m3 19.0 m3 20.0 m3

Bucket width 5640 mm 5650 mm 5650 mm
Payload 35.0 tonnes 34.5 tonnes 31.8 tonnes
Overall length 16 877 mm 16 855 mm 16 508 mm
Breakout force 989 kN 886 kN 1010 kN
Dump clearance 5578 mm 5578 mm 5658 mm video clip
1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
994A 994D 994F
5
994 Size Class Evolution (English)
(standard lift) 994F 994D 994A
Flywheel power 1,438 hp 1,251 hp 1,251 hp
Operating weight 427,209 lb 421,620 lb 390,300 lb
Bucket capacity 25.0 yd3 24.5 yd3 26.0 yd3

Bucket width 222 in 222 in 222 in
Payload 38.0 tons 38.0 tons 35.0 tons
Overall length 55.4 ft 55.3 ft 54.2 ft
Breakout force 222,336 lb 199,350 lb 228,000 lb
video clip
Dump clearance 18.3 ft 18.3 ft 18.7 ft
1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
994A 994D 994F
6
Applications
Since its introduction in 1990, the Caterpillar 994 Wheel Loader has been the
largest selling machine in its class
• Most commonly found in open pit mines

working shot rock,
coal, and overburden
• 994F is available in standard lift, high
lift, and super high lift for optimum truck
match
• Super high lift is intended for coal
loading of Cat 789 and 793 size trucks
• Reliability and ease of service ensure
more time on the job,
lower cost per ton
7
Worldwide Unit Sales
Percentage of Units Sold by Manufacturer

(1998 – 2007)
100%
75%
50%
25%
0%
Cat 994 Komatsu W1200 LeTourneau LeTourneau

L-1400/1350 L-1800/1850
8
994 Worldwide Deliveries
440 Sales (1990 – May 2009)
1
Russia
12
Europe &
Middle East
143 2 8
Japan
United States China
& Canada
41 7
Indonesia
Africa
68
158 Australia
Latin America
9
Product Development, Manufacturing & Distribution
Caterpillar ® 994F Wheel Loader
6 Sigma & CPS
A methodology that improves product quality, processes throughout the

company, and customer satisfaction
6 Sigma CPI
• Changes processes to enhance product quality
• Maintains quality during production and when
product is in the field
• Keeps all accountable to deliver a superior
product at all levels
Caterpillar Production System (CPS)

• 6 Sigma based method for relentless
improvement
• Focuses on 3 processes:
– Core
– Governing
– Enabling
11
Research & Testing
Innovation begins at the Caterpillar Technical Center in Mossville, Illinois

• Largest and most sophisticated research
and development facility in the industry
• State-of-the-art laboratories, testing
facilities, and simulators
• Interacts with design teams at each
product facility
… and hits the ground at the Tucson Proving Grounds

• Complete machine cooling evaluations
• On-machine structural evaluations
• Complete machine noise evaluations
• Brake, steering, visibility & government standards
• Performance & machine productivity comparisons
• Machine endurance & reliability evaluations
12
Design & Engineering
The 994F was developed by the Large Wheel Loader engineering group
in Aurora, Illinois using the latest design technologies and methodologies
• New Product Introduction (NPI) process

• Concurrent Product and Process Design
(CPPD)
• 6 Sigma methodology improves processes
and product quality
• Collaborates with Cat design and
manufacturing resources worldwide
• Designed in Aurora, Illinois where it is built
13
Manufacturing & Assembly
From machine shop to assembly line, the 994F and its components are produced
using the latest machining technology and a highly skilled workforce
• Close tolerance machining centers

• Automated material handling systems
• Highly trained, experienced assemblers
• Nondestructive weld testing
• 100-point functional check
14
Manufacturing Quality Assurance
Product quality is built into each 994F, from the design process to the
machines that fabricate and the skilled people who assemble
• Robotic welding includes “through the

arc” system and laser guidance for
strength and long life
• Computer-controlled machining centers
maintain accurate positioning of milling,
drilling and boring operations
• 6 Sigma problem resolution process
• Modular subassemblies permit testing
ahead of main assembly
• Highly trained, experienced machinists
and assembly personnel
15
Distribution & Support
When Cat products reach the field, they are supported by an advanced
network of parts distribution facilities, dealer service centers, and technical
training facilities
• Dealer branch facilities, service
trucks, trained technicians, and
operator training programs provide
customers with full-scale customer
support
• Caterpillar’s Global Distribution
network maintains over 20 parts
centers worldwide
• Cat Product Support Center offers
global training for dealer service
technicians
• Global Mining’s Field Assembly
Group commissions 797 trucks
worldwide
16
Components
Designed and manufactured by Caterpillar, the 994F major components are produced
to the highest quality specifications
Joliet, Illinois
Aurora, Illinois • Hydraulics
• Power train • Cab assembly Pontiac, Illinois
• Axles • Fuel system
• Structures
• Final assembly
Lafayette, Indiana
• Engine
Peoria, Illinois
• Electronics
Mapleton, Illinois
• Engine block castings
East Peoria, Illinois

• Transmission
17
Specifications
994F Standard Dimensions
Standard machine equipped with 19 m3 (24.5 yd3)

222in. bucket & 53.5/85-57 tires
10 933 mm
2309 mm
35.9 ft
7.6 ft
8140 mm
6988 mm 26.7 ft
22.9 ft 6736 mm
22.1 ft
5578 mm
4833 mm 18.3 ft
15.9 ft
1829 mm
6 ft 1474 mm
4.8 ft 811 mm
2.7 ft
4557 mm 6400 mm 5920 mm

15.0 ft 21.0 ft 19.4 ft
16 877 mm
55.4 ft
19
994F Standard Dimensions
Metric English
Overall length
(standard spade edge bucket with teeth)
16 877 mm 55.4 ft
Bucket width 5640 mm 18.5 ft
Overall height
10 933 mm 35.9 ft
(bucket in full raise position)
Wheel base 6400 mm 21.0 ft
Dump clearance 5578 mm 18.3 ft
Maximum lift hinge pin 8140 mm 26.7 ft
Height to top of ROPS 6736 mm 22.1 ft
20
994F Standard Specifications
Metric English
Bucket, rock 14.0 – 19.0 m3 18.5 – 25.0 yd3
Flywheel power 1072 kW 1,438 hp
Rated payload 35.0 tonnes 38.0 tons
Operating weight 194 729 kg 429,300 lb
Dump clearance
5578 mm 18.3 ft
Dump reach 2309 mm 7.6 ft
Breakout force 995 kN 223,685 lb
Full turn static tipping load (40°) 109 241 kg 241,032 lb
21
994F High Lift Dimensions
High Lift machine equipped with

18 m3 (23.5 yd3) 245 in. bucket & 53.5/85-57 tires
10 643 mm
2764 mm 34.9 ft
9.1 ft
8479 mm
27.8 ft
6988 mm
22.9 ft
6736 mm 6024 mm
22.1 ft 19.8 ft
4833 mm
15.9 ft
1829 mm
6 ft 1474 mm
4.8 ft 811 mm
2.7 ft
4557 mm 6400 mm 6564 mm

15.0 ft 21.0 ft 21.5 ft
17 521 mm
57.5 ft
22
994F High Lift Dimensions
Metric English
Overall length 17 521 mm 57.5 ft

Overall height 10 643 mm 34.9 ft

Maximum lift hinge pin 8479 mm 27.8 ft
23
994F High Lift Specifications
Metric English
Bucket, rock 14.0 – 19.0 m3 18.5 – 25.0 yd3
Dump clearance
6024 mm 19.8 ft
24
994F Super High Lift Dimensions
Super High Lift machine equipped with

36 m3 (47 yd3) 256 in. bucket & 58/85-57 tires
14 372 mm
3400 mm 47.2 ft
11.1 ft
10 058 mm
6747 mm 33.0 ft
22.1 ft
6494 mm 7296 mm
21.31 ft 24.0 ft
4591 mm
15.1 ft
1587 mm
5.2 ft 1232 mm
4.0 ft 569 mm
1.9 ft
4557 mm 6400 mm 8569 mm

15.0 ft 21.0 ft 28.1 ft
19 526 mm
64.1 ft
25
994F Super High Lift Dimensions
Metric English
Overall length 19 526 mm 64.1 ft

Overall height 14 372 mm 47.2 ft

Maximum lift hinge pin 10 058 mm 33.0 ft
26
994F Super High Lift Specifications
Metric English
Bucket, coal 36 m3 47 yd3
Dump clearance
7336 mm 24.0 ft
(coal bucket)
27
Features & Benefits
Features & Benefits
The 994F is the premier machine in its class, designed and built by Caterpillar using
components and systems that have evolved through years of rugged application in
mining
• Structures
• Power train
• Brakes
• Cooling system
• Hydraulic system
• Operator station
• Controls
• Electronic monitoring
• Tires
• Bucket
29
Structures: Frame & Lift Arms
TheThick
1. box-section
axle pad rear frame
castings and design, robust loader tower, and solid steel
boom box
lift structure
arms combine
providetoadded
resiststiffness
torsionalto stresses and shocks while working
in the
axletoughest
mountingmaterials
area
2. Lift arm pivot mount castings disperse
stress loads better than
previous design
3. Steering cylinder mounts efficiently
transmit steering loads to the frame
4. Full box-section rear frame resists 5
torsional shock and twisting forces
5. Solid steel lift arms absorb
stress loads 2
4
4 1
30
Structures: Loader Linkage
Z-bar loader linkage and automatic lube system keep productivity high,
maintenance low
1. Bucket to lift arm joint (B-pin) is

automatically lubricated to increase
reliability and reduce daily servicing
2. Tilt link joints changed from oil design 2
to grease design using auto 1 3
lube system
3. Z-bar loader linkage delivers maximum
2
productivity with a minimum of
moving parts
4. Front frame A-pin area uses new one-
piece casting for added strength and 4
larger pin
31
Power Train
The 994F combines proven power train components of the 994D with several
design updates for increased productivity
1. Cat 3516B HD diesel engine has

higher displacement and 14%
more power
2. Improved NGMR cooling system has
taller cores than previous AMOCS
2 1
3. Impeller clutch torque converter 3 4
permits reduced rimpull
with left pedal
4. Planetary power shift transmission 6 6
5
5. Heavy duty axles 5
6. Oil-enclosed multiple disc brakes
32
Power Train: Cat 3516B HD EUI Engine
A proven performer for over 20 years, the 3500 series engine now has over
80,000 units working worldwide in a variety of applications
• 14% higher flywheel output, now

1,072 kW (1,438 hp) @ 1,600 rpm
• Displacement increased to 78.0 L
(4875.0 in3) from 69.0 L (4210.0 in3)
• High displacement (HD) design offers
a longer stroke and higher power
range than standard 3516B, plus
improved fuel efficiency
• Electronic Unit Injection (EUI),
turbocharging, and aftercooling
optimize engine performance
• 32% torque rise delivers high lugging
forces during digging for fast
cycle times
• Meets non-road Tier 1
emissions standards
33
Power Train: Cat 3516B HD EUI System
An integrated electronic system maximizes performance while keeping

the operator and service technician fully informed
• Optimizes fuel injection and timing for 37 pin CE

Machine
25 pin CE
Machine
20 pin CE
Pump drive
Disconnect switch
connector connector connector
smoke control and maximum use
of fuel energy
• Superior integration of machine systems Throttle lock enable lamp
Ground bolt
Main
• Improved engine protection RH Brake pedal
power
relay
Circuit breaker
• Fewer mechanical components

requiring adjustment
Throttle lock enable
Throttle lock Service tool

• Advanced system diagnostics resume / accelerate CAT Data Link
• Robust components designed for Throttle lock

Set/decelerate
Powertrain control
Implement control
mining environment Throttle pedal sensor
VIMS System
Ground level shutdown

Fan pump pressure with cover
Start aid switch
Ether Ether
Proportional on current
fan valve level
34
Power Train: Impeller Clutch
Torque Converter (ICTC)
• Allows the operator to continually vary

ICTC allows
rimpull forthe
theoperator to with
best match vary rimpull from 100% to 20%, putting more
horsepower
hydraulicstoinhydraulics for better response
each application
• Allows full throttle shifts for faster
cycle times
• Rimpull control setting to match
underfoot conditions
• Reduces tire wear
• Provides smooth approach to the
dump target for less spillage and faster
cycles
100% rimpull
selected
20% rimpull
selected
Brakes (20% rimpull )
35
Power Train: Planetary Power
Shift Transmission
The Caterpillar planetary powershift transmission is the industry standard

for high performance and durability
• Three forward speeds, three Planet gear Clutch packs

reverse speeds
• High-torque capacity clutches
• Forced oil flow lubricates and cools
clutch packs to provide maximum
clutch life
• Trigger switch for direction control
and upshift/downshift buttons are
housed in the STIC™ Controller
Sun gear Ring gear
36
Axle Shaft Oil-Enclosed Disc Brakes
Caterpillar oil disc brakes provide exceptional heat dissipation and performance,
long service life and time-saving serviceability
• Oil-enclosed, multiple discs

• Oil film between discs and plates
• Trouble-free, adjustment-free
• Front and rear brakes on separate circuits
• Easily serviced
37
New Generation Modular Radiator (NGMR)
Simplified design offers rugged construction, easy of service, and high heat transfer
• Square wave fin design provides

greater surface area and higher heat
rejection than flat fins used with the
previous AMOCS radiator
• Efficient, single-pass parallel
flow design
• Brazed copper construction offers
stronger joints and improved
leak prevention
• Modular design permits easy removal of
individual cores without removing NGMR – copper
square wave fin
entire radiator
• Six fins per inch provides easy cleaning
and greater resistance to plugging
AMOCS – steel flat fin
38
Hydraulic System
Enclosed system uses separate circuits for lift & tilt, steering, and brake
control for increased cooling and elimination of cross-contamination
• Superior lift capacity easily handles full

bucket loads
• Large bore lift & tilt cylinders have high
working pressures that raise
the load fast
• Electro-hydraulic system removes
implement hydraulics from cab,
offering finger-tip controls for smooth,
precise lift & tilt operation
• Three dedicated fixed displacement
pumps and one variable displacement
piston pump combine to deliver high
reliability and performance
39
Hydraulic System Changes
Modified hydraulic tank with increased oil

New variable displacement level with remote air expansion tank
tandem implement pump with
electro-hydraulic control
Increased main
pump relief settings
(4400 – 4750 psi)
New valve section

for increased New hydraulic hose
bucket lower routings with Cat
speed XT™-6S hose
40
Operator Station
New, larger cab improves operator environment with 50% more glass, 120%
more volume, and 75 db(A) interior sound level
1. STIC control system

8
2. Left pedal – operates impeller clutch
5
torque converter
4
3. Comfort series seat 6
7
4. Electro-hydraulic controls for lift and tilt 1
3
5. Rimpull Control System switch

6. VIMS™ System and Payload Control
System
7. Analog tachometer, digital 2
speedometer 9
8. Improved visibility
9. Trainer seat
41
Loading Visibility
Low dash, large bonded glass windshield, and Z-bar loader linkage improve
visibility to the bucket
• Better load placement

• Less spillage
• Increased productivity
• Reduced tire damage
42
STIC Control Steering System
994F STIC Control System uses a single joystick to control steering,

forward-reverse, and gear selection
... to the
• Greater control for loading Move controller to right to
Speed Control the left to steer steer right
• Easy, smooth, consistent directional left....
shifting for quick cycle times Buttons
• Seat mounted STIC controller with Direction

adjustable armrests allows a full range Control
of adjustment for a comfortable fit
Forward
• Side-to-side controller motion control
steering (left or right) Reverse
• Electronic shift transmission controls

housed in STIC controller
• Efficient, low effort operation reduces
operator fatigue
43
Bucket Lift & Tilt Controls
Tilt
Dump Lift
Hold
Tilt Back Tilt
Lift
Float
Lower
Hold
Raise
44
Rimpull Control System (RCS)
Reducing rimpull in poor underfoot conditions improves traction and

minimizes wheel spin for better performance and longer tire life
• To control rimpull, depress the RCS

switch located on the implement pod
• Select maximum rimpull desired
• Modulation on the left pedal will be
from the rimpull selected down to 20%
• Only active in first gear
45
Electronic Controls
The easily reached instrument panel located to the right of the operator houses the
VIMS System keypad and switches that control several key machine features
1. Torque converter lockup

2. Lights, front and rear
3. VIMS System keypad
4. Rimpull Control System (RCS) 1
3
5. Diagnostic connector 2
2
4
6. HID lights
10 9
7. Stairway access lights 8 2 7 6
5
8. Automatic kickout set switch
9. Throttle lock
10. Starting aid
46
Cat Comfort Seat
Improves operator comfort for long hours through increased adjustability

and better support
• Side bolsters limit lateral movement

• Adjustable lumbar support
• Seat cushion reduces thigh pressure Side bolsters
• Air ride improves operator comfort
• Retractable seat belt
• Automatic weight adjustment
Rolled down
Contoured front edge
cushions
Flat front
corners
Seat cushion
adjustable tilt angle
47
Instrument Panel
Easy-to-read front instrument panel provides operator with vital machine

data at a glance
1. Gauge cluster
• Engine coolant temperature
• Transmission oil temperature
3
• Hydraulic oil temperature
1
• Fuel level 4
2
2. Analog tachometer, digital gear/direction
indicator, and digital speedometer
3. Message center module
• Utilizes a four-category action
system to alert operator to abnormal
machine conditions
4. Message center module
• Engine systems
• Power train systems
• Operational systems
• Attachment systems
48
VIMS™ System
The VIMS System provides operators, management, and service technicians with
usable information about the performance and operating conditions of the
machine
Integrated Machine Control

• Combines many separate
systems into one single system
• Electronic information highway
• Standard on 994F
Information Management System
• Logs critical data for performance
analysis, troubleshooting and trending
• Software allows data analysis and
summary reports for record keeping
• Payload Control System
49
Tires and Rims
Bias Tires Size Ply Rating Tread Pattern Application
Bridgestone/Firestone 53.5/85-57 76 PR SDT LD NY L-5
Bridgestone/Firestone 58/85-57 84 PR SRG DT LD L-4
Goodyear 52/80-57 68 PR HRL D/L 4G L-4
50
Large Loader Tramming Guidelines
These tramming guidelines were developed to help extend tire wear and
avoid failures that commonly occur in warmer climates
• Giant loader tires often fail while Allowable working speeds in MPH for empty machine tramming
tramming at high speed during
the warm summer months Ambient = 38°C Ambient = 27°C Ambient = 16°C
• (100°F) (80°F) (60°F)
At right is a tramming
recommendation for an FS 1–3 Over 1–3 Over 1–3 Over
58/85-57 L4 nylon tire on a trip Miles 3 Miles Miles 3 Miles miles 3 Miles
of at least one mile
• 7.0 5.0 8.0 6.0 9.0 7.0
This chart is based on new tires.
Speed increases of 0.8 kph
(0.5 mph) are allowable when
tires are worn below 100/32
of an inch
• This chart is based on one
tramming run per operating shift.
A decrease in speed of 1.6 kph
(1.0 mph) is recommended for
each successive trip
51
Buckets and Ground Engaging Tools
Caterpillar rock buckets are built to withstand the powerful twisting forces
generated by penetration and breakout
Buckets
• New tilt link bore size makes 994F
buckets non-interchangeable
• Durable shell-tine construction resists
twisting & distortion
• Integral rock guard protects lift and tilt
cylinders and helps retain large loads
Spade edge rock bucket
• Serrated or straight edge coal
bucket available
G.E.T. (rock bucket only)
• Individual bolt-on tips and edge protectors
• Sidebar protectors are reversible for
extended wear life
• Wear plates protect rear base edge
from damage
Serrated edge coal bucket
52
Buckets and Ground Engaging Tools
Narrow Rock Wide Rock Straight Edge Serrated Bucket

Bucket Bucket Coal Bucket Coal
14.0 – 19.0 m3 18.0 – 19.0 m3 32.0 m3 36.0 m3
Capacity
18.3 – 24.5 yd3 23.5 – 25 yd3 41.0 yd3 47.0 yd3
Cutting edge 699 mm 699 mm 699 mm 635 mm

thickness 2.75 in 2.75 in 2.75 in 2.50 in
G.E.T. J800 J800 J700 None
Floor liner Yes Yes Yes No

Bolt-on
Yes Yes Yes No
segments
20 197 kg 20 444 kg 20 167 kg 20 444 kg
Bucket weight 44,526 lb 45,072 lb 44,460 lb 45,072 lb
53
Bucket Selection Guide
Bucket fill factor

115% 95% 115% 95%
Standard High-lift
m3 yd3
19 24.5
Bucket Capacity
17 22.5
15 19.5
1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 kg/m3
2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 kg/LCM
Material Density
(thousands)
54
994F & 785C System
Metric English
Bucket capacity 19.0 m3 25.0 yd3
Truck payload 136 tonnes 150 tons
Load time
Four passes, 2.2 – 2.7 2.2 – 2.7
including truck minutes minutes
exchange
2520 – 3090 2,780 – 3,410
Production
tonnes/hour tons/hour
• Average four-pass at 0.60-minute
cycle time
• Includes truck exchange time
• Production will vary depending on job
site conditions
55
994F & 789C System
Metric English
Bucket capacity 19.0 m3 25.0 yd3
Truck payload 177 tonnes 195 tons
Load time 2.8 – 3.3 2.8 – 3.3

Five passes, including
truck exchange minutes minutes
2680 – 3160 2,960 – 3,480
Production
• Average five-pass at 0.60-minute cycle

time
• Production will vary depending on job
site conditions
56
994F High Lift & 789C System
Metric English
Bucket Capacity 18.0 m3 23.5 yd3
Truck Payload 177 tonnes 195 tons
Load Time 3.6 – 4.2 3.6 – 4.2

Six passes, including
2110 – 2460 2,320 – 2,710
Production
• Average six-pass at 0.65-minute cycle time

• Production will vary depending on job site conditions
57
994F High Lift & 793D System
Metric English
Load Time 4.2 – 4.9 4.2 – 4.9

Seven passes, including
2230 – 2600 2,450 – 2,860
Production
• Average seven-pass at 0.65-minute cycle time

58
994F Super High Lift & 789C Coal Body System
Metric English
Load Time 4.1 – 4.7 4.1 – 4.7

Six passes, including
1880 – 2160 2,080 – 2,380
Production
• Average six-pass at 0.70-minute cycle time

59
994F Super High Lift & 793D Coal Body System
Metric English
Load Time 4.7 – 5.4 4.7 – 5.4

Seven passes, including
2020 – 2320 2,220 – 2,550
Production
• Average seven-pass at 0.70-minute cycle time

60
Rock Bucket GET Selection Guide
Smooth Floor Maintenance

Strength
Abrasion Protection
Impact Resistance
Penetration Ability
Wear Damage
Penetration
Smooth Floor Maintenance
Long
Abrasion Protection
Strength
Impact Resistance
Penetration Ability
Wear Damage
Penetration
HD Long
Two-strap adapters Strength
Two-strap adapters
with edge segments
Wear Damage
Penetration
61
Safety, Health & Environment
Operator Safety
The 994F is designed to protect the operator in his everyday work environment
• Strategically placed grab handles and

railings ensure safe navigation of
stairwells, walkways, decking, and
windshield walk around
• Non-slip steps and decking keep
operator sure-footed while navigating
among check points
• Toe kicks atop the engine enclosure
keep feet and tools safely inside the
railing area
• Easy access into and out of the
enlarged operator station
• Ground level starter and
transmission lockouts
• Full ROPS
63
Optional High Intensity Discharge Lighting (HID)
Compared to halogen, optional HID lighting provides a more intense light

that more closely resembles natural daylight
• More light, less electrical drain - one

70 watt HID lamp produces 5000 to
6000 lumens of light, equaling the
light intensity of four 65-watt
halogen lamps
• Highly vibration resistant - an HID
lamp typically lasts four to eight times
longer than halogen
64
Work Area Vision System (WAVS)
The optional rear vision camera provides the operator with an increased awareness
of work site activities or obstructions behind the machine
Camera:
• Wide angle, fixed focus lens is
adjustment-free
• Internal heater melts snow and ice
• Highly durable – resists machine vibration
and pressure washing
LCD Monitor:
• 178 mm (7 in) color screen
• Automatic sensor adjusts brightness to
ambient light conditions
• Image is reversed to provide the same
orientation as a rear view mirror
65
Ecology Drains
The service center located on the right side provides an environmentally

safe and effective method to fill and drain fluids from components
Fill
• Implement
• Brake cooling
• Steering & brake
• Engine coolant
Fill and Drain

• Transmission
• Engine
• Air tank
66
Economics
Operating Costs
994F estimated operating costs factors through first 20,000 hours

50%
40%
40%
30%
20% 20%
20%
10%
8%
10%
2%
0%
Repair Maintenance GET Operator Fuel Tires
68
Repair Costs
994F average repair costs through first 20,000 hours
30%
23%
21%
19%
20%
14%
12%
11%
10%
0%
Transmission Engine Drive Train Brakes Linkage Other
69
Power Train Component Life
Low Range Medium Range High Range

Hours Hours Hours
Engine 20,000 25,000 28,000
Torque converter 12,000 15,000 18,000
Transmission 12,000 15,000 18,000
Transfer gears 20,000 25,000 30,000
Differentials 15,000 20,000 25,000
Final drives 22,000 25,000 30,000
Brakes 22,000 25,000 30,000
70
Competitive Specification Comparisons
Specification Comparisons (Metric)
Caterpillar Komatsu LeTourneau LeTourneau

(Standard model)
994F WA 1200-3 L-1350 L-1850
Bucket 19.0 m3 20.0 m3 21.4 m3 25.2 m3
Flywheel power 1072 kW 1165 kW 1193 kW 1492 kW
Operating weight 193 779 kg 205 200 kg 181 438 kg 229 522 kg
5563 mm 6285 mm 6400 mm 6810 mm

Dump clearance
(45o) (45o) (45o) (45o)
Reach 2278 mm 2970 mm 2710 mm 2940 mm
Breakout force 989 kN 1274 kN 979 kN 1229 kN
Full turn static 111 091 kg 104 800 kg 87 522 kg 90 720 kg

tipping load (40o) (40o) (45o) (42o)
72
Specification Comparisons (English)
Caterpillar Komatsu LeTourneau LeTourneau

(Standard model)
994F WA 1200-3 L-1350 L-1850
Bucket 25.0 yd3 26.2 yd3 28.0 yd3 33.0 yd3
Flywheel power 1,438 hp 1,560 hp 1,600 hp 2,000 hp
Operating weight 427,209 lb 452,380 lb 400,000 lb 506,000 lb
18.3 ft 20.6 ft 21.0 ft 22.4 ft

Dump clearance
(45o) (45o) (45o) (45o)
Reach 7.5 ft 9.9 ft 8.9 ft 9.7 ft
Breakout force 222,336 lb 286,600 lb 220,000 lb 276,181 lb
Full turn static 245,113 lb 231,000 lb 192,950 lb 200,000 lb

tipping load (40o) (40o) (45o) (42o)
73
Equipping Your Wheel Loader
994F Standard Equipment
Electrical Operator Environment (cont.)

• Alarm, back-up • Instrumentation, gauges:
• Alternator, dual 80-amp – Engine coolant temperature
• Batteries, maintenance-free – Engine hour meter
• Converter, 10/15 amp, 24V to 12V – Hydraulic oil temperature
• Lighting system (halogen working lights, – Power train oil temperature
access, service platform) • Mirrors, rearview (internally and externally
• Starting and charging system (24V) mounted)
• Starting lockout in bumper • Programmable top gear
Operator Environment • Rimpull Control System
• Air conditioner • ROPS/FOPS
• Cab, sound suppressed, pressurized • Seat, Cat Comfort (cloth), air suspension, six-
• Cab, cleanout hose way adjustable
• Cigar lighter and ashtray • Seat belt, retractable, 76 mm (3 in) wide
• Coat hook • STIC Control System
• Electro-hydraulic tilt and lift controls • Tinted glass
• Heater and defroster • Transmission gear indicator
• Horn, air • VIMS™ System with external data port, integral
Payload Control System message center,
• Light, dome (cab) universal gauge, VIMS System keypad
• Lunchbox and beverage holders • Wet-arm wipers/washer (front and rear);
• Mirrors, externally-mounted rearview intermittent front and rear wipers
75
994F Standard Equipment
Power Train
• Brakes, oil-cooled, multi-disc, service/secondary • Base machine price includes a rim allowance
• Driveline parking brake • Blower fan
• Engine Cat 3516B HD EUI Diesel • Couplings, Caterpillar O-ring face seals
• Fuel priming pump (electric) • Doors, service access (locking)
• Ground level engine shutdown • Ecology drains for engine, radiator, hydraulic tank,
• Precleaner, engine air intake (above hood) steering and brake tank, and brake cooling tank
• Power train oil coolers: two air-to-oil, • Fast fuel fill system (Shaw-Aero)
two water-to-oil • Fuel tank, 4641 L (1226 gal)
• Radiator, Next Generation Modular (NGMR) • High speed engine oil change (Wiggins)
• Starting aid, (ether) automatic • Hitch, drawbar with pin
• Throttle lock, electronic • Hoses, Caterpillar XT
• Torque converter, impeller clutch with rimpull • Hydraulic, steering and brake filtration/screening
control device system
• Transmission, planetary, power shift with • Mufflers (4)
3F/3R electronic control • Oil sampling valves
• Premixed 50 percent concentration of Extended Life
Other Standard Equipment Coolant with freeze protection to –34° C (–29° F)
• Air tank, ECC compliant (EN286) • Rear access to cab and service platform
• Air line dryer • Steering, load sensing
• Automatic bucket lift/tilt kickouts electronically • Supplemental steering system
adjustable from cab • Vandalism protection caplocks
• Automatic lubrication system
76
994F Optional Equipment
• Buckets • Oil Renewal System (ORS)

– Spade edge, rock, 14 – 19 m3 (18.5 – • Rear vision camera (WAVS)
25 yd3) • Rims
– Straight edge, coal, 32 m3 (42 yd3) – 914 mm (36 in) wide
– Serrated edge, coal, 36 m3 (47 yd3) – 1118 mm (44 in) wide with 126 mm (6 in)
• Cab fresh air precleaner flange
• Caterpillar Product Link System – 1194 mm (47 in) wide with 126 mm (6 in)
• Coolant Extended Life – 50° C (–58° F) flange
• Ground engaging tools (G.E.T.), includes • Starters
tips, sidebar protectors, edge protectors, – Air start, turbine, Ingersoll
wear plates – Air start, turbine, TDI
• Heater, engine coolant, 120-volt – Electric, not recommended in ambient
• Heater, engine coolant, 240-volt temperatures below 0° C (32° F)
• Lift arrangements • VIMS System Wireless II
– Standard
– High Lift
– Super High Lift
77
Computer Aided Earthmoving System (CAES)
CAES is an advanced monitoring tool combining GPS technology and in-cab

computing capabilities for precise grade and slope control
• On-board display indicates elevations of CAESbasic

machine, final grade or the ore body
without having to look for survey stakes
• Allows work to proceed in poor visibility
conditions and without surveying delays
• High precision GPS provides centimeter- CAESultra
level accuracy
• Records work progress for updating site
maps, improving overall planning
and efficiency
• Available in basic and ultra models
78
CAESbasic vs. CAESultra
CAESbasic
• 140 mm (5.5 in) display
• Flash card download & recording
• Text readout displays information critical
to more effective operation
• Grade/slope control guidance
• File conversion program is the only extra
office software required
CAESultra
• 264 mm (10.4 in) display
• Files wirelessly sent to machine
• Plan recorded and updated in
real time
• Grade/slope, ore, compaction control
• Progress can viewed in remote office
• Office software for monitoring machine
progress and creating reports
• Productivity reporting on-board and off
79
Serviceability
Right Side Inspection
1. Inspect tires for damage and

proper inflation
2. Inspect wheel brakes for leaks
3. Check that guards and covers are
properly secured and undamaged
4. Check hydraulic level in sight glass
5. Inspect the hydraulic system
for leaks
8
6 7
Inside engine cover:
3 5 4
6. Inspect the cooling system
for leaks 2 2
1 1
7. Inspect hoses for cracks or leaks
8. Inspect belts for worn, cracked,
or frayed edges
81
Front View Inspection
1. Inspect front differential and front final

drives for leaks 2
2
2. Inspect lights for broken lenses or

burned out bulbs
3. Inspect the hydraulic system for leaks 2
82
Left Side Inspection
1. Inspect tires for damage and proper inflation

2. Inspect wheel brakes for leaks
3. Check that guards and covers are properly
secured and undamaged
4. Inspect steps and handholds for damage
or debris
5. Check steering & brake oil level sight glass 13 13
11
6. Inspect the hydraulic system for leaks
Inside engine cover:
12
7. Inspect the cooling system for leaks 7 8
8. Inspect hoses for cracks or leaks 6 9 10
5 3
9. Inspect belts for worn, cracked, 4
2
or frayed edges 2 1 1
10. Check engine oil level
On upper deck:
11. Inspect ROPS for any damage
12. Check coolant level in sight glass
13. Inspect the engine precleaner screen and
remove any dirt or debris
83
Rear Inspection
1. Inspect the cooling system for leaks

2. Check hoses, radiator fins, radiator cap
and drain area
3. Remove trash from radiator
4. Inspect rear differential and real final
drives for leakage
2
3
1
84
Service Refill Capacities
Liters U.S. Gallons
Fuel tank 3833 1,013
Cooling system 490 129.4
Crankcase 286 75.6
Transmission 350 92.5
Differentials and final drives (each) 621 164.0
Hydraulics – lift / tilt 390 103.0
Hydraulics – brake cooling 36 9.5
Hydraulics – steering/brake 208 55.0
Hydraulic system (includes tank) 893 236.0
85
Oil Renewal System (ORS)
On 3500 engines, the optional ORS meters used crankcase oil into the
fuel system to be burned, replenished by fresh oil from a make-up tank
• Eliminates regular oil changes Make-up tank

supplies fresh oil to
and oil disposal costs
crankcase
• Improves average engine
oil quality
• Lessens environmental impact
• Decreases service downtime
• 59 L (15.5 gal) make-up tank
eliminates daily topping-off of
crankcase oil required with
previous systems
• Integrated with engine ECM and
VIMS System Two-way valve injects equal
• Emissions compliant amounts of used oil to fuel
system & new oil crankcase Used oil sent to fuel
tank via return line
86
Superior Engine Oil Quality with ORS
Because ORS constantly replaces old oil with new, the quality level remains
consistent and free of the quality degradation experienced in oil during a typical
500-hour life cycle
Oil Degradation vs Time
Non-ORS
Oil Degradation
ORS
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Hours
87
Product Support
Product Support - Dealer
We offer a dealer network and support system that is unmatched by any

competitor. Cat dealers support their customers through the entire life of
every machine they sell
Repair and maintenance Equipment management Parts and component

process engineering services support
On site service Scheduled Oil Sampling Operator Training

and diagnostics and technical analysis 89
Caterpillar Global Factory Support
• 23 parts distribution centers

• 13 training centers
• 107 manufacturing facilities
90
Caterpillar Global Dealer Network
180
locally owned businesses
1,916
dealer branch stores
93,000
employees supporting you
$7.8 billion
in assets
50+ years More than our top 3 competitors combined
average tenure
91
Parts & Service Support Worldwide
Cat dealers offer a wide range of parts and service plans that will
maximize up time and return on your investment
• Preventive maintenance programs

• Diagnostic programs, such as Scheduled
Oil Sampling and technical analysis
• Rebuild and Reman options
• Operator training
• Assorted customer support agreements
92
Caterpillar Certified Rebuild (CCR)
The CCR program offers a like-new machine with a renewed warranty and serial
number, all at a much lower cost than a comparable new machine
• Inspection
• Disassembly
• Reconditioning
• Engineering updates
• Power train testing
• Reassembly
• Performance testing
• Repainting
• New serial number/warranty
• Customer evaluation
93
Off Highway Truck Reman Components
We offer the following Reman components decrease down time, reduce

cost, and increase quality.
• Engines
• Engine Components
• Final Drives
• Torque Converter
• Transmission
• Electric Drive Components
• Drivetrain Components
– Wheel assemblies, Spindles,
Carriers, Clutch Plates
• Hydraulics
– Piston Motors, Gear Pumps,
Rods / Cylinders
• Electronic Components
– Starters, Alternators, ECU’s
• Price 40 – 70% below new parts
More information at catreman.cat.com
94
Percentage Commonality in Parts Numbers
Update As Models Release

95
Questions
Caterpillar® 994F
Wheel Loader

Caterpillar 994F Wheel Loader: Venue Date

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Caterpillar 994F Wheel Loader: Venue Date

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Caterpillar® 994F Wheel Loader

988H 990H 992K 993K 994F

Operating weight 50 213 kg 89 211 kg 97 704 kg 133 637 kg 193 779 kg

988H 990H 992K 993K 994F

Operating weight 109,230 lb 169,677 lbs 215,402 lb 294,800 lb 427,209 lb

Flywheel power 475 hp 627 hp 801 hp 945 hp 1438 hp

Rated payload 12.5 tons 16.5 tons - 25 tons 38.0 tons

Dump clearance 12.3 ft 13.8 ft 14.9 ft 15.3 ft 18.3 ft

Dump reach 4.9 ft 5.75 ft 7.8 ft 8.2 ft 7.5 ft

Full turn static tipping 64,745 lb 85,338 lb 105,537 lb 158,607 lb 245,113 lb

(standard lift) 994F 994D 994A

Flywheel power 1072 kW 933 kW 933 kW

Operating weight 193 779 kg 191 244 kg 177 000 kg

Bucket capacity 19.0 m3 19.0 m3 20.0 m3

Payload 35.0 tonnes 34.5 tonnes 31.8 tonnes

Overall length 16 877 mm 16 855 mm 16 508 mm

Breakout force 989 kN 886 kN 1010 kN

Dump clearance 5578 mm 5578 mm 5658 mm video clip

994A 994D 994F

(standard lift) 994F 994D 994A

Flywheel power 1,438 hp 1,251 hp 1,251 hp

Operating weight 427,209 lb 421,620 lb 390,300 lb

Bucket capacity 25.0 yd3 24.5 yd3 26.0 yd3

Payload 38.0 tons 38.0 tons 35.0 tons

Overall length 55.4 ft 55.3 ft 54.2 ft

Breakout force 222,336 lb 199,350 lb 228,000 lb

994A 994D 994F

• Most commonly found in open pit mines

Percentage of Units Sold by Manufacturer

Cat 994 Komatsu W1200 LeTourneau LeTourneau

440 Sales (1990 – May 2009)

A methodology that improves product quality, processes throughout the

Caterpillar Production System (CPS)

Innovation begins at the Caterpillar Technical Center in Mossville, Illinois

… and hits the ground at the Tucson Proving Grounds

• New Product Introduction (NPI) process

• Close tolerance machining centers

• Robotic welding includes “through the

East Peoria, Illinois

Standard machine equipped with 19 m3 (24.5 yd3)

4557 mm 6400 mm 5920 mm

Bucket width 5640 mm 18.5 ft

Dump clearance 5578 mm 18.3 ft

Maximum lift hinge pin 8140 mm 26.7 ft

Height to top of ROPS 6736 mm 22.1 ft

Bucket, rock 14.0 – 19.0 m3 18.5 – 25.0 yd3

Flywheel power 1072 kW 1,438 hp

Rated payload 35.0 tonnes 38.0 tons

Operating weight 194 729 kg 429,300 lb

Dump reach 2309 mm 7.6 ft

Breakout force 995 kN 223,685 lb

Full turn static tipping load (40°) 109 241 kg 241,032 lb

High Lift machine equipped with

4557 mm 6400 mm 6564 mm

Overall length 17 521 mm 57.5 ft

Bucket width 6223 mm 20.4 ft

Overall height 10 643 mm 34.9 ft

Wheel base 6400 mm 21.0 ft

Dump clearance 6024 mm 19.8 ft

Maximum lift hinge pin 8479 mm 27.8 ft

Height to top of ROPS 6736 mm 22.1 ft

Bucket, rock 14.0 – 19.0 m3 18.5 – 25.0 yd3

Flywheel power 1072 kW 1,438 hp