Stoicism

Mamintod, Darlene
Jacinto, Vhenuz
Tabayag, Mansor
Introduction
• Stoicism is an ancient Greek philosop
hy (developed by Zeno of Citium)

• teaches the development of self-contr

ol and fortitude as a means of overco
ming destructive emotion.
Introduction
• It does not seek to extinguish emotions co
mpletely, but rather seeks to transform the
m by a resolute Asceticism (a voluntary abs
tinence from worldly pleasures), which ena
bles a person to develop clear judgment, in
ner calm and freedom from suffering
• Stoicism is not just a set of beliefs or ethical
claims, but rather a way of life,
History
• The term "stoic" was taken from the "stoa p
oikile" (meaning "painted porch" or "colonn
ade"

• In modern usage, the word refers to someo

ne who is unemotional or indifferent to pai
n, pleasure, grief or joy, and has little in co
mmon with its philosophical roots.
History
• Stoicism first appeared in Athens in th
e period around 300 B.C.

• and was introduced by Zeno of Citium

.

• It was based on the moral ideas of C

ynicism
 Stoic Ethics
• As an ethical doctrine, the goal of Stoicism is
freedom from passion through the pursuit o
f reason and "apatheia" (apathy, in its ancie
nt sense of being objective, unemotional an
d having clear judgment).
• The Stoics taught that becoming a clear, unb
iased and self-disciplined thinker allows one
to understand the "logos" (the natural unive
rsal reason in all things)
 Stoic Ethics
• the four noble truths: 1) all life has suffering; 2)
suffering is rooted in passion and desire; 3) hap
piness is freedom from the passions; 4) moral r
estraint and self-discipline is the means by whic
h one becomes free from suffering.
• Improving the individual’s ethical and moral wel
l-being by having a will which is in agreement w
ith Nature, and by practicing the four cardinal vi
rtues
Stoic Ethics
• They therefore promoted Egalitarianism,
and, unusually for their day, encouraged
the acceptance of even slaves as equals
on the grounds that all are the "sons of
God".
• They also denied the importance of exte
rnal differences such as rank and wealth
in social relationships.